...GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Energy is a vital force powering business, manufacturing and trans- portation of goods and services to serve the world ecenomies. There are a lot of energy sources that people can use from the world. In this point, We have a question about energy sources. Are energy sources completely consumed or finished? The answer is that some are yes, but others are no. Some of them are renewable but others are not. Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat which are naturall replenished. As we said before, one of them is geothermal energy source. Geothermal comes from underground. It is the energy that exist in nature as a result of heat from the Earth's core. The Earth's core lies nearly 6000 km below the surface and holds tempratures that near 5000 santigrat degree. These extreme tempratures are enough to heat the rock surroundinf the core ( colled the mantle ) and couse the rockmm to melt. Melted rock in the mantle is colled magma. The liquid magma has a lower density than the solid rock around it, so it tends to move upwards the Earth's surface. The majority of the time, magma stays underneath the Earth's surface and heats up the rock and pockets of water that it comes in contact with. Sometimes the magma actually finds its way through the Earth's crust and vents trough volcanoes as lava....
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...Geothermal Energy EM 530 – Energy, Economics & the Environment Josh Marder – Nicole Glick – Ali Yasir – Giovanni Rumbolo 4/20/2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS Problem Statement: Introduction: Page 2 Page 2 Past and Present Uses: Page 3 Energy: Economics: Environment: Risk Analysis: Recommendations: Page 7 Page 19 Page 28 Page 32 Page 34 1 PROBLEM STATEMENT There is a looming energy crisis in the United States, as the country is currently relying on a finite supply of fossil fuels. This energy crisis, along with economic growth and environmental stability must be sustained by developing alternative, renewable energy sources. Population is expanding at a geometric rate and each doubling will increase energy demand that will far exceed supply. China and India have recently developed into industrialized nations and several more will follow. Many leading scientists describe the “tipping point” for carbon dioxide emissions as having already passed, meaning it could be too late for renewable energy options to have an impact (McKibben, 2008). However, until the full impact is determined, scientists worldwide should be developing energy alternatives, in order to help stabilize the environment, secure national policy interests and boost to the economy. Geothermal energy represents a sizeable, renewable power source and is one of several alternative energy options that should be utilized. In order for this technology to be able to move forward with any success, it must achieve the...
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...Names: Shaira Eden B. Laranjo Aljay Saren Date: August 09, 2013 Subject: Physics Discipline: Electricity and Magnetism TITLE The Effects of Powering household or any Low Amperage devices using Acetic Acid battery. OVERVIEW Worldwide: Electricity and Magnetism are the important part of the life in many parts of the world. You’re likely to use electricity every day, without even thinking about it. Electricity and Magnetism are involved. How electromagnetism changed our World? Electromagnetism has created a revolution not only in the field of engineering, but also in various other fields like medicine, space, construction etc. Electromagnetism affects our World in million ways. Whatever powered devices we use, from table clocks to microwave ovens, from useful appliances to high-technology materials, and other relevant devices in order to communicate have some of electromagnetic principle involved in their functioning. Thus it is evident that the usage of electromagnetism is wide and everywhere. Everyday more and more equipments take birth in the market due to the development in magnetism and electromagnetic studies. Few decades ago, only few places on our planet Earth had the facility to enjoy the electricity and electronic devices. But recent developments led to fast track life style and rapid competitive improvement in every field competing with every country. With the introduction of electricity and electrical devices, electronic devices,...
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...Electricity in Indonesia – Issues and Recommendation I. Current Condition and Issues Electricity is a vital engine for growth, development and prosperity for the country. Above all, it helps improve the quality of life of the Indonesia people countrywide. However, until now, Indonesia still have 2 big challenges to provide sufficient and cost effective electricity to support its population quality of life and support Indonesia business and industries economic growth plan as elaborate below. 1. Insufficient electricity supply to support electricity demand and economic growth The lack of adequate and reliable supplies of electric power is one of the most serious problems facing Indonesia today. As of year 2011, as shown in the following table, PLN have about 29,268 MW installed capacity in Indonesia. About 76% is in Java and the remaining 24% is outside Java. Source : Statistic Report 2011 from www.pln.co.id The current capacity provided by PLN is not enough to serve all the Indonesia population and Indonesia economy growth plan. Target electrification ration in Y2012 is is only 75%, so it is still more than 12 million households in Indonesia don’t have electricity. particularly outside Java. Electricity shortage has also hit most parts of Indonesia, especially outside Java. For Industrial companies, the impact is lost of production hours. Household consumers were also harmed due to rolling blackouts. Government also feared that this Electrical...
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...Fall 13 Fall 13 Natural Gas vs. Electricity vs. Geothermal – Heating & Cooling Natural Gas vs. Electricity vs. Geothermal – Heating & Cooling 08 Fall 08 Fall Executive Summary When deciding upon a heating and cooling source for a new home, people often ask, “what is the best bang for my buck”? The cost of energy continuously increases as the years go bye due to inflation and the cost of non-renewable resources. Since more than half of additional costs in owning a home comes from heating and cooling, people have begun to look into alternative methods. As a typical consumer there are a few different avenues to choose from in this decision that fit within their needs. With technologies advancing and efficiency increasing constantly, making a decision between natural gas, grid-based electricity, or geothermal heating and cooling may be difficult. Many vendors claim that their products run on minimal energy and that long-term monetary savings with the reduction of the energy bills will justify initial costs. How does one choose between these three options? The variables that affect this decision depend greatly on location. Natural gas is becoming abundantly available everywhere in urban communities of all major cities and towns. However, for rural communities this resource may not be an option. Grid-based electricity can be found just about everywhere in the United States. Other than the increase in prices every year, many have concerns...
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...Should the global super powers lead an effective way in developing renewable energy? Global super powers rely heavily on energy, so therefore they should develop and fund renewable energy sources. Small countries have a smaller need. They do not have as much capital, so they rely on the global superpowers. Renewable energy is the cleanest way to keep earth clean and free of pollution. Global powers have the resource to advance renewable energy quickly. They have professional people, machinery, technology, money know-how, etc. to make things happen. Different countries in different parts of the world use different kinds of renewable energy. Countries can share with other countries what they’ve learned. This is an effective way to increase renewable energy. The population of the world will greatly benefit from renewable energy. People will be healthier and pollution will be greatly decreased. There will be an ongoing supply of power for every facet of life. Renewable energy must be developed because nonrenewable energy is becoming expensive and environmentally damaging to retrieve. Renewable resources are constantly replenished and will never run out. A clean energy revolution is taking place among global super powers. This generates hundreds of billions in economic activity, and is expected to continue to grow rapidly in the coming years. This...
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...Enhanced Geothermal Systems Ali Yasir Stuart School of Business Enhanced Geothermal Systems Page 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1: SYNOPSIS Scope EGS, a viable option SECTION 2: INTRODUCTION Overview of the Process Basic concept Process Optimization SECTION 3: RESOURCE-BASE IN THE U.S What the facts say? Heat Content SECTION 4: ECONOMICS Potential Cost of Development Levelized Cost of Electricity SECTION 5: EMISSION REDUCTION POTENTIAL Summary of Regulations Potential Environmental Impacts Summary of Environmental Benefits SECTION 6: CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS & GOING FORWARD EGS Worldwide EGS Development in the U.S Obstacles to Further Development in the U.S Policy Options to help promote EGS SECTION 7: CONCLUSION REFERENCES 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 19 20 20 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 Enhanced Geothermal Systems Page 2 PREFACE There is a pre-dominating energy crisis in the United States, as the country is currently relying on a finite supply of fossil fuels. This energy crisis, along with economic growth and environmental stability must be sustained by developing alternative, renewable energy sources. Population is expanding at a geometric rate and each doubling will increase energy demand that will far exceed supply. China and India have recently developed into industrialized nations and several more will follow. Many leading scientists describe the “tipping point” for carbon dioxide emissions as having already passed, meaning it could be too late for renewable...
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...life. There are three types of green technology. There is green energy, green transportation, and green building. Pollution must be diminished to moderate global warming. The encouraged use of green technology may increase the healthiness of the Planet. Green energy is renewable energy source, unlike fossil fuels. Even though green technology appears unaffordable, it is more efficient and lessens greenhouse gasses. Energy is extremely essential to everyday life. Individuals use energy to warm the home, keep the lights on, and the groceries refrigerated. Solar power is another energy source. There are currently one-hundred and sixty-five customer-owned solar electric systems in Madison, Wisconsin (Green Power Tomorrow, 2013) The expense for the installation of solar power for the home in Dane County, Wisconsin is thirty-thousand dollars. The cost-effectiveness of solar power depends on the following; how much sunlight one receives, where one lives, electricity usage, and the size of the solar system. (Chua, 2006) Solar panels are an excellent way to acquire the suns energy to deliver one with energy. Solar panels consist of a series of photovoltaic cells connected together. When the sun heats up these cells, it stores the charged energy into batteries. This is what helps people to power their homes. In 2007, the City of Madison, Wisconsin was named one of 25 Solar America Cities by the U.S. Department of Energy. Since receiving this designation, the City of Madison Solar...
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...Introduction The aim of our following proposal is to help Mr. Donothing to construct an investment portfolio base on an inheritance of $10 million dollar. After the meeting with Mr. Donothing we understand his existing lifestyle and his vision on his future personal plans. We will conduct a series of economic analysis to demonstrate the possible future economic trends and base on our analysis we will suggest several types of investment for Mr. Donothing to make a final decision. In addition, we will identify and provide our professional suggestion on each and every industry and company he should consider base on current market trends and company’s growth prospect/opportunity during the investment timeframe. Finally, there will be an evaluation of the portfolio by using expected return rates to understand whether it meets the needs and preferences of the investor. Investor Profile and Policy Statement Investor Profile Mr. Donothing is 50 years old and single. The most important is that Mr. Donothing does not work at all but he inherited $10 million. He is an amphibious person, which means he spends his time in cruise lines. Furthermore, he needs $550 per day throughout the year for cabin charges and food. And he needs another amount $25,000 for secretarial services and incidental expenses. He wants to settle in Pompano Beach, Florida at 55, and then get married and have a child. The house he wants to buy is selling for $500,000. His cash needs would remain...
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...Are alternative energy sources the answer to ending human dependence on oil? September 24, 2012 Are alternative energy sources the answer to ending human dependence on oil? Right now there is no one substitute for oil because we use it for a variety of things. We can use alternative sources in areas to preserve or conserve our usage of oil. We use to use wood for fires and light. Then in the industrial revolution we began to use coal. “Coal can provide much more energy over longer periods than wood or any other biomass product. Forests were also diminishing in many regions because they were being consumed for fuel.” (Eric McLamb). Edwin L. Drake drilled the world’s first oil well in 1859 and launched the petroleum industry. Bach then there was a steady supply of oil and coal, and easily accessible so that’s what we used. Now however we have discovered the harm it does to the environment and realized that it won’t last forever. 58% of our oil is imported and is supposed to rise to 64% by 2020. As we all know anytime we have to have products imported it hurts our economy. If we could cut our national oil use down by 50% then we would not need to have any imported, or at least not until we depleted our oil supply. By reducing the amount of oil we use it would also make what we have last longer. Scientists have been working on alternative energy sources such as nuclear, which some say won’t last because of obvious dangers, solar, wind, geothermal, methane hydrates, and hydrogen...
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...going up, it is time to start thinking about, “How can we make residential high-rises more sustainable in Toronto?” in terms of energy conservation and efficiency. If this significant problem is overlooked it could cause serious issues with our city, our ecosystems could be wiped out completely, our air and water could be entirely con-taminated, and it could diminish our natural resources. It affects more than just the residents whom live in the buildings, it affects the developers/builders, the residents of neighbouring buildings, even the kids that play in the park across the street. This paper will look at the problem and some possible solutions in terms of using renewable energy sources to sustain residential high-rises. Methods including Geothermal energy to heat and cool the building, Green-roofs that can be used to grow plants/food and can gather rain water, Cistern tank to catch all the rainwater that can then be used to wash clothes and flush toilets and possibly also for irrigation purposes if need be, Wind energy to provide electricity, as well as Solar energy to provide electricity can all be used to minimize a building’s ecological footprint. Geothermal energy is literally the heat from the earth, energy obtained from the hot areas under the earth’s surface. Geothermal energy is becoming very popular in Canada, taking the natural energy from the earth to heat and...
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...Institution of affiliation Summary Renewable energy is that which uses natural phenomena such as wind, tide, sunlight, plant growth ( biomass), geothermal heat among others. In fact, it is said, “Renewable energy is derived from natural processes that are replenished constantly. In its various forms, it derives directly from sun, or from heat generated deep within the earth. Included in the definition is electricity and heat generated from solar, wind, ocean, hydropower, biomass, geothermal resources, and biofuels and hydrogen derived from renewable resources.” (Conference on New and Renewable Energy Technologies for Sustainable Development, Afgan & Carvalho, 2004). This chapter attempts to look at the various sources of renewable energy and how they can be applied in the shipping industry. The renewable energy resources are available across the globe. Unlike traditional sources of energy such as fossil fuel which is located in specific and limited areas, renewable energy sources can be found in most parts of the world. It is believed that with the rapid development of renewable energy coupled with the efficiencies, economies of various countries will sprout and the energy sector will pride itself with having achieved sustainability and stable supply of energy (National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.), & United States. 2010). History of Renewable Energy Research has it that biomass is the oldest form of renewable energy whose use dates back to about 790,000 years....
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...ENERGY Renewable Energy: An Overview DOE/GO-102001-1102 FS175 March 2001 EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY What is Renewable Energy? Renewable energy uses energy sources that are continually replenished by nature—the sun, the wind, water, the Earth’s heat, and plants. Renewable energy technologies turn these fuels into usable forms of energy—most often elec- tricity, but also heat, chemicals, or mechanical power. Why Use Renewable Energy? Today we primarily use fossil fuels to heat and power our homes and fuel our cars. It’s convenient to use coal, oil, and natural gas for meeting our energy needs, but we have a limited supply of these fuels on the Earth. We’re using them much more rapidly than they are being created. Even- tually, they will run out. And because of safety concerns and waste disposal prob- lems, the United States will retire much of its nuclear capacity by 2020. In the mean- time, the nation’s energy needs are expected to grow by 33 percent during the next 20 years. Renewable energy can help fill the gap. Even if we had an unlimited supply of fos- sil fuels, using renewable energy is better for the environment. We often call renew- able energy technologies “clean” or “green” because they produce few if any pollutants. Burning fossil fuels, however, sends greenhouse gases into the atmos- phere, trapping the sun’s heat and con- tributing to global warming. Climate scientists generally agree that the Earth’s average temperature has risen in the past century...
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...The Abilities of Fossil Fuels HUM/114 25 Apr 2011 Fossil fuels provide 85% of the energy used in the United States. At the same note, fossil fuels also cause 80% of the global warming pollution in this country. Therefore, there is no doubt that the United States should seek other energy sources. I believe harnessing the unlimited power provided by the wind and the sun is our best recourse. Some people would debate that these projects would be expensive. On the other hand, I think these will be cost effective, as trying to clean up the air, sea, and land from pollutants produced by coal, oil and petroleum, is even more expensive. If we are to spend money on finding other energy sources, rather than finding oil sources in the country, we might as well invest in technology to harness wind, solar and geothermal power. Sadly, some politicians do not support this idea because of vested interests. Oil and gas companies have donated $238.7 million to candidates and parties since the 1990 election cycle. Greenpeace, an independent environmental organization, states in their website that with the current technology, renewable energy sources like wind, solar and geothermal can provide 96% of our electricity and 98% of our total heating needs. Business companies can begin transitioning into using clean energy sources and should educate themselves about the different incentives at the local, state and federal levels. Greenpeace further stated that investing in...
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...ELECTRONIC ASSIGNMENT COVERSHEET | | Student Number | 32695016 | Surname | Zhang | Given name | Ming | Email | Zhangming_90@hotmail.com | | | Unit Code | BUS317 | Unit name | Strategic Management | Enrolment mode | | Date | 4th Oct 2015 | Assignment number | 1 | Assignment name | Short Eassy | Tutor | Frankie Yee | Student’s Declaration: * Except where indicated, the work I am submitting in this assignment is my own work and has not been submitted for assessment in another unit. * This submission complies with Murdoch University's academic integrity commitments. I am aware that information about plagiarism and associated penalties can be found at http://www.murdoch.edu.au/teach/plagiarism/. If I have any doubts or queries about this, I am further aware that I can contact my Unit Coordinator prior to submitting the assignment. * I acknowledge that the assessor of this assignment may, for the purpose of assessing this assignment: * reproduce this assignment and provide a copy to another academic staff member; and/or * submit a copy of this assignment to a plagiarism-checking service. This web-based service may retain a copy of this work for the sole purpose of subsequent plagiarism checking, but has a legal agreement with the University that it will not share or reproduce it in any form. * I have retained a copy of this assignment. * I will retain a copy of the notification of receipt of this assignment. If you...
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