...and Italy formed in 1882 lasting till 1914. 7. Ww1 started in which year? 28 July 1914 8. Crimson thread of kinship The Crimson Thread of Kinship is a 12-metre-long sewing representing the unfolding story of Australia. It depicts the changing landscape of the nation, beginning with Aboriginal occupation of the continent and finishing in the southern night sky. 9. Crimson thread of allegiance is not real 10. Crimson thread of agreement is not real 11. Anzac stands for? Australia and new Zealand army corps 12. What is conscription was compulsory military service for young men, this defense act began 1902. 13. What was prime minister Hughes campaign to introduce inscription 14. Who were opposed to conscription 15. Ww1 ended in which year? November 11, 1918 16. Who was assassinated in ww1? Archduke Franz Ferdinand 17. Areas fought in ww1? 'Western Front' in France and Belgium were the biggest war areas 18. Most important reason for Australia declaring war in September 1939? Germany invaded Poland and so Great Britain has declared war on them along with Australia. 19. Who were POW in ww2 in Australia internment camps? The main use of internment camps were to put the people against Australia according to...
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...that Britain had signed a new treaty with Poland, promising full military support should Poland be attacked. Hitler had to think of a different plan of attack. So he turned to misinformation, alleging persecution of German-speakers...
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...terms of developing policies as well as military reforms. Australia was directly involved in the Second World War ever since Germany invaded Poland and this prompted Australia to wage war on Germany right away. This new war announcement propelled Australia into the Second World War without a mere hint of hindrance or any other sort of hesitation with the then Prime Minister, Robert Menzies announcing “it is my melancholy duty to inform you officially, that in consequence of a persistence by Germany in her invasion of Poland, Great Britain has declared war upon her and that, as a result, Australia is also at war.” Australians became directly involved with the British forces as well as the forces of the United States of America and fought in three theatres of war including the European frontier, the pacific Campaign and the North African campaign. Being a regular armed force of the Allies, Australia became sworn enemies of Japan, Germany and Italy as well as other...
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...Prime Minister Robert Gordon Menzies announced the beginning of Australia's involvement in the Second World War on every national and commercial radio station in Australia. It was the beginning of a long and strenuous journey that the country was about to embark on. Australia played an instrumental part of World War Two, and over the course of this paper, I will outline a brief history of the country’s place and actions throughout the war. Almost a million Australians, both men and women, served in the Second World War. They fought in campaigns against Germany and Italy in Europe, the Mediterranean and North Africa, as well as against Japan in south-east Asia and other parts of the Pacific. The Australian mainland came under direct attack for the first time, as Japanese aircraft bombed towns in north-west Australia and Japanese midget submarines attacked Sydney Harbor (Long, 1973). The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) contributed in operations against Italy after its entry into the war in June 1940 (Dennis, 1995). A few Australians flew in the Battle of Britain in August and September, but the Australian army was not engaged in combat until 1941, when the 6th, 7th, and 9th...
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...The advantage of the mustard gas or also known as chlorine gas was to suffocate a mass amount of Allied troops by using winds to spread the deadly clouds. The Germans used the gas to well-fortified their defenses such as the battle Ypres; the Germans gassed out the soldiers that hid in the trenches as a tactical strategy. However, the Germans did not consider the direction of the deadly clouds be shifted to unintended casualties. Germany’s technological advantage quickly dissipated when the Americans entered the war in 1917. Notwithstanding, the Allied force quick production of artillery, quick action rifles, automobiles and the ability of transport weaponry helped slowly deterred German’s hope of...
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...But anyone who would take seriously the claim that white Australia is in urgent need of a new way of reflect - ing upon its own origins must initially confront an appar - ent rebuttal. One might object that, at least in more recent decades, historians have been addressing precisely this question of Australia’s national origins. Is it not the case that the great volumes academic historians have produced now supply the answers that serve to inform the collective conscience of the white nation? Just as historical research practices had previously been crucial for perpetuating a kind of collective amnesia, the latter half of the twenti - eth century saw a reflective turn in the way we perceive ourselves, and this has given rise to historical research that is the driving force behind clearly cathartic...
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...Extended Essay Group 3: History To what extent did breaking code JN-25 and code ULTRA give aid to the Allies in the Pacific and Atlantic theatres of World War Two? Word Count: 3746 Abstract: This extended essay has the subject of Code Breaking Intelligence. When studying the Second World War, the phrase ‘code breaking’ is not highlighted as a significant factor, so this investigation is to assess the contribution of code intelligence in the Second World War. The main question being: To what extent did breaking code JN-25 and code ULTRA give aid to the Allies in the Pacific and Atlantic theatres of World War Two? The scope of this investigation is confined to two specific codes called the JN-25 and Ultra. This is due to the abundance of codes and ciphers used during WWII. It is also limited to where, either the Pacific or Atlantic theatres, these two codes were most effectively applied to aid the Allies. Information was attained from secondary sources to create a bank of relative information to the research question. The conclusion that can be drawn from this investigation is that code intelligence did significantly aid the Allies in the Pacific and Atlantic theatres. With the assistance of JN-25 the Americans halted the Japanese in the Pacific theatre, stopping its expansionist and aggressive behaviour. Similarly, the British and the Americans, with the help of code Ultra, achieved an offensive against Germany and Hitler, plus shortening the war by two to four...
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...Introduction ALDI is a German discount retail chain which has entered the grocery market in Australia since 2001. ALDI provide low prices but high quality groceries to consumers. Although there are two major retail grocery chains which are Woolworths and Coles in Australia, ALDI has becomes another force by its low price products. This critique will analyse both micro and macro marketing environment. It will then demonstrate the current marketing approach of ALDI in Australia and redesign its marketing mix by 7Ps. The last, it will outline several recommendations. 1 Marketing Environment Analysis – Micro Trends 1.1 Trend One: Competitors A firm need to provide more consumer satisfaction than its competitors if it desires to be successful. Therefore, marketers need to modify the market strategy for the target customers. Each company should consider its position and size which are compared to its competitors (Kotler & Armstrong, 2012, p. 92). ALDI, the German discount store chain, intended to enter Australia market in 2001, they have to attract Australian customers’ attention and encourage consumer to purchase products in ALDI (ALDI, 2013). There are two major competitors of ALDI, including Woolworths and Coles, they have been occupied the top of Australian retailers for few decades in Australia. In addition, Australian brands are lack the capability of competitive and Australia was a monopoly market until 2005 (Ritson, 2013, para. 6). For this reason, ALDI must have more...
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...- Countries with medium-high UA score are German-speaking countries, Australia, Germany, and Switzerland. - Countries with medium to low UA score happen in all Asian countries (except Korean and Japan), Africa, the Anglo, Nordic countries, and the Netherlands. • Uncertainty Avoidance and Anxiety - Anxiety is “being uneasy or worried about what may happen.” - Anxiety differs than fear. - Anxiety doesn’t have an object, but fear does. - Countries with low UA, the rate of anxiety is low. - According to Lynn study, more people live in low UA countries died from coronary heart disease. Because anxiety is an expressive culture; so, people in these countries tend not to show much aggression and emotions in activities; it has to keep internally. From time to time, it might cause heart disease. - There is a low alcohol consumption rate in these countries with low UA. - In high UA, people ten to be “ busy, fidget, emotional, aggressive, suspicious.” - In low UA, people tend to be “dull, quiet, easy going, indolent, controlled,...
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...BRAIN DRAIN Human capital flight, more commonly referred to as "brain drain", is the large-scale emigration of individuals with technical skills or knowledge. The reasons usually include two aspects which respectively come from countries and individuals. In terms of countries, the reasons may be social environment (in source countries: lack of opportunities, political instability, economic depression, health risks; in host countries: rich opportunities, political stability and freedom, developed economy, better living conditions). In terms of individual reasons, there are family influences (overseas relatives, and personal preference: preference for exploring, ambition for an improved career, etc. Although the term originally referred to technology workers leaving a nation, the meaning has broadened into: "the departure of educated or professional people from one country, economic sector, or field for another, usually for better pay or living conditions". Brain drain is usually regarded as an economic cost, since emigrants usually take with them the fraction of value of their training sponsored by the government or other organizations. It is a parallel of capital flight, which refers to the same movement of financial capital. Brain drain is often associated with de-skilling of emigrants in their country of destination, while their country of emigration experiences the draining of skilled individuals. The term brain drain was coined by the Royal Society to describe the emigration...
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...forces. Since the fall of France in the summer of 1940, Britain remained alone in her fight against the Axis menace, with only the members of her Commonwealth supporting her cause. Yet, while most pragmatists would expect her to have quickly fallen to Nazi Germany like the rest of Europe, nations from across the world, such as Canada, Australia, South Africa, and others, refused to let the remaining torch of freedom in Europe die out. The Battles of Britain, and the Atlantic respectively, had proven how resolute the Empire would be in Britain’s defence, but also how incapable their limited...
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...The China Theater of Operations more resembled the Soviet-German war on the Eastern Front than the war in the Pacific or the war in Western Europe. On the Asian continent, as on the Eastern Front, an Allied partner, China, carried the brunt of the fighting. China had been at war with Japan since 1937 and continued the fight until the Japanese surrender in 1945. The United States advised and supported China's ground war, while basing only a few of its own units in China for operations against Japanese forces in the region and Japan itself. The primary American goal was to keep the Chinese actively in the Allied war camp, thereby tying down Japanese forces that otherwise might be deployed against the Allies fighting in the Pacific. The United States confronted two fundamental challenges in the China theater. The first challenge was political. Despite facing a common foe in Japan, Chinese society was polarized. Some Chinese were supporters of the Nationalist Kuomintang government; some supported one of the numerous former warlords nominally loyal to the Nationalists; and some supported the Communists, who were engaged in a guerrilla war against the military and political forces of the Nationalists. Continuing tensions, which sometimes broke out into pitched battles, precluded development of a truly unified Chinese war effort against the Japanese. The second challenge in the China theater was logistical. Fighting a two-front war of its own, simultaneously having to supply other...
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...children in 1904. Watt was 13 years old. This singular incident left such an impression on him, that he was a teetotaller all his life. Arriving in Plymouth February 1917, Watt marched into the Engineering Training Depot for the Signal Section in Shefford, 5 March. In September and 18 months after first enlisting, Watt was to enter the Western front. He was taken on strength into the 2nd Divisional Signal Company Engineers 20 October 1917 in Belgium. He was promoted again to 2nd Corporal in France in May 1918. The unit diaries provide an insight into the average routine of an engineer in a Signal Company Unit. In particular, 18 February to 23 February, was spent engaging squads to check communication lines, update lectures was given on German Signal Services, Message forms and procedures, D 111 Telephones, Line testing and buried cable and jointing. Weekly tests were also carried out on buzzers, lamps, flappers and morse flags. Time spent laying cable lines for both telegraph and telephone communication, visual checking cables for damage or broken lines, testing of lines, wireless communication with amplifiers and antennas. Animals appeared frequently in different capacities throughout the unit histories. Messenger dogs were reported as not very useful, pigeons, horses and the unit mascot was a rooster named...
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...These are just some and a lot of them are based on Latvian folk songs. The names of the songs are just loosely translated. Among the songs which have become classics of the festival repertoire over the years are „Lauztas Priedes” („Broken Pines”) by Emils Darzins, „Karalmeita” („The King’s Daughter”) by Jazeps Vitols, „Upe un Cilveka Dzive” („The River and a Person’s Life”) by Jazeps Vitols and „Senatne” („Antiquity”) by Emils Melngailis. It was especially during the Soviet occupation period that a lot of these and other songs like them were played and sung giving their composers a feeling of fulfillment and national pride as they heard thousands of voices singing their songs. Sort of like giving birth to a child and watching it grow and develop. At this time the problem was deciding on what songs to compose in order to leave behind a rich heritage for future generations to sing and enjoy and not to offend the powers that...
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...APPEASEMENT OF GERMANY After seizing power in Germany, Hitler set in place an ambitious foreign policy that aimed to undo the effects of the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler wanted to: * re-take control of the territories that it had lost at Versailles, such as the Rhineland * re-arm its military forces - something forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles * expand its borders to provide Lebensraum (living space) for its population * unite all the German-speaking people of Europe under the control of Nazi Germany * Hitler was prepared to gamble that the other European powers would be reluctant to go to war to stop him. WHAT WAS APPEASEMENT After 10 million deaths in the First World War, many countries were determined to prevent any future conflict. In the 1920s the League of Nations tried to follow the idea of collective security: * the idea that countries acting together could discourage aggression and, if necessary, act together to stop aggressors. * This was not very successful as it proved hard for all the countries in the League of Nations to agree on a common policy. As a result a second idea was considered. Appeasement was a policy adopted by Britain during the 1930s. * This policy developed from the growing belief that some countries, especially Germany, had been unfairly treated in the peace settlement of 1918-1919. * When they began to demand aggressively that some terms in the Versailles treaty be...
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