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Ghillie Suit

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THE GHILLIE SUIT The ghillie suit is means of camouflage used to blend or hide people and equipment within their surroundings. Though the origin of the word ghillie is undetermined, some say it derives from the Scottish Gaelic word gille, meaning servant or lad. The first ghillie suits were from early Scotland and were made by shepherds protecting their flock. When poachers would arrive, the shepherds would wait, in full camouflage, until the right moment then attack. They became so proficient at it that they began to be hired by the wealthy and sometimes the royal. These shepherds became known as ghillies. The first to use ghillies in war were the Scottish. A Scottish Commander, Lord Lovat, formed two companies of specially selected and trained men for service in South Africa in 1899. They dramatically improved reconnaissance and intelligence gathering. It is unclear what the first ghillies were made of, but the efficiency of them allowed the design to be improved through the years. Today ghillies are typically made using a base, netting and jute. The base is usually some type of uniform. Whether a military uniform or a camouflage suit. It can also be either one piece (i.e. flight suit) or two pieces (trousers, coat). The netting can be any means to apply jute to the uniform. The most typical is a net like material that is sewn onto the back side of the suit. Jute is actually dehydrated plant fibers and has a stringy appearance. Most jute used today is made from burlap and dyed various colors for different camouflage blends. On the front of the ghillie it is recommended to sew on a canvas like material to protect it from damage while crawling. The best ghillies are handmade, usually by military snipers. It is estimated at least 100 man hours are needed to fully construct a suit. The netting is usually sewn on using something durable and hard to see like fishing line (with a small drop of glue for extra strength). The just is then tied to the netting in groups of 6-10 strands using simple knots. The color of the groups can be a solid color or blended with multiple colors. After the jute is applied the complete suit is taken through what is known as a “ghillie wash”. A ghillie wash is where the suit is drug through mud, muck, grime and sometimes manure to give it an earthy look and smell. Although the ghillie is completely constructed it is still not mission ready. The application of natural vegetation is critical to mission success. A rule of thumb is a 50/50 distribution of jute and vegetation. You apply vegetation to your suit that conforms to the vegetation of the surrounding area or the area ahead of your movement. Vegetation is changed often (3-5 hours) due to wilting and local vegetation changes. A common mistake with vegetation is taking whatever you can. A lot of thought needs to go into applying vegetation. What type of vegetation will I be in? What color? Does it shine? You must match all of these to be successful. Remember, a ghillie suit only breaks up the outline of whatever you’re trying to conceal. Your vegetation is your actual camouflage. In combat ghillies have proved to be an essential piece of equipment for snipers and reconnaissance elements. Giving these Soldiers the opportunity to stalk closer to an objective and gather critical battlefield information without being compromised. The ability to do so allows commanders to assess the battlefield and make timely and accurate decisions to complete the mission. Some examples of information gathered would be enemy location, enemy disposition, enemy composition, avenues of approach, key leaders, measurements, ground composition and so on. There are two big draw backs to using ghillies. The first would be the amount of time needed to construct and apply vegetation. One must use effective backwards planning to meet mission deadlines. The second would be safety in regards to heat. Even on a cold day (50-55 degrees) the inside of a ghillie could reach temperatures around 120F. Leaders must ensure soldiers using ghillies are adequately hydrated and are trained properly. In most cases, ghillies are not worn for an entire mission. As a sniper section moves closer to the objective, they will halt and tactically change into their ghillie suits. From this point they will apply natural vegetation and continue mission. In doing so they help mitigate the risk of over heating.

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