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Ghosts

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Vælgervandringer

Arbejdsspørgsmål
1. Undersøg figur 1-3 i bilag 1 og figur 1-4 i bilag 2, og vurder i hvilket omfang valgkampen i 2015 havde mulighed for at flytte stemmer og påvirke valgresultatet.
Bilag nr. 1: Valgkamp flytter stemmer
Bilag nr. 2: Utro vælgere og utro politikere
Ud fra bilag 1 figur 1 ser vi at ca. 40 % af den danske befolkning besluttede sig under valgkampen på hvilket parti de ville stemme på. Hvilket kan bevise at valgkampagnerne er med til at påvirke de danske vælgeres holdning, hvilket medbetyder at næsten halvdelen af Danmarks befolkning er rationelle vælgere, der vælger parti efter hvad der gavner dem mest muligt.
I bilag 1 figur 2 kan man se at procentandelen af vælgere der træffer beslutningen under valgkampen er steget markant efter 1971, hvor 41 % af vælgerene under sidste valgkamp besluttede sig under valgkampen. Så her er igen tale om rationelle vælgere.
Bilag 1 figur 3 ser man at omkring 10 % af den danske befolkning ombestemte sig i sidste øjeblik i stedet for at stemme på det parti de oprindeligt hvad angivet.
Bilag 2 figur 1 ser vi at partier som LA og Ø der er yderpartier har fået flest nye vælgere. Dette kan skyldes at mange af de nye unge vælgere er førstegangsvælgere, hvor der kan være en tendens til ikke at være kernevælgere, som ældre ofte er, men rationelle vælgere.
I bilag 2 figur 2 ser vi at andelen af vælgere der stemmer på forskellige partier fra valg til valg, bortset fra Jordskredsvalget 1973.
I bilag 2 figur 3 ser vi at der er en stor tendens til at man som person flytter sig fra parti til parti fordi man er en rationel vælger der vælger efter behov frem for at følge normerne hjemmefra.
Valgkampen i 2015 havde ifølge figurerne fra både bilag 1 og 2 stor mulighed for at flytte stemmer og derved påvirke valgresultater. Man kan b.la. se at næsten halvdelen af Danmarks befolkning ifølge bilag 1 figur 1 og 2 først besluttede sig under valgkampen, hvilket i den grad viser at valgresultatet blev påvirket af marginalvælgere.
2. Overvej 2 årsager, der kan forklare udviklingen i vælgervandringerne ved folketingsvalget i 2015
Årsag 1: I det senmoderne samfund er der en større tendens til at reflektere over hvilke behov man som menneske har, og hvilke partier der kan være med til at opfylde disse behov. Derfor har rationelle- og marginalvælgere vundet større tilpasning ved valg i gennem de senere år. Medier har en stor plads i det senmoderne samfund og bruges derfor til at fanger nye vælgere igennem kampanger.
Årsag 2: Kernevælgerene er ved at uddø. Ældre mennesker har en større tendens til at være kernevælgere fordi de er vokset med en habitus der bliver påvirket af forældre, og det samfund man befinder sig i. Man er ikke vant til selv at skulle tage stilling til sin livssituation på samme måde som unge mennesker i det senmoderne samfund er. Derfor har man som gammel større tendens til at vælge det samme som andre mennesker der kommer fra samme sociale klasse som en selv.
3. Overvej 2 konsekvenser for politiske partiers adfærd, der kan som et resultat af vælgervandringerne.
Konsekvens 1: De sociale medier har i dag stor betydning for specielt unges tilegnelse af viden, derfor er det godt for partier at reklamere igennem disse, for netop at nå ud til flest mulige unge mennesker.
Konsekvens 2: Ungdomspartier findes der i dag mange af, hvilket er med til at vise hvor meget de forskellige partier satser på ungdommen fordi de er fremtiden. Især nu hvor en stor del af ungdommen er marginalvælgere og har kæmpe indflydelse på afgørelsen af et valg.
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