...GKE Task 2 GKE Task 2 Mahatma Gandhi was a very important spiritual and political influence of his time. Mahatma Gandhi believed in nonviolent peace regarding religion and politics. He was also considered an antiwar activist. Mahatma Gandhi studied law and became a leader and advocate for rights of Indians. Gandhi went to Africa in 1893 and spent 20 years there acting as an antagonist against unfair and unjust legislation against Indians. Gandhi launched Satyagraha, which is the opposition through widespread nonviolent civil disobedience. Satyagraha is still used worldwide today. In 1914 Gandhi traveled back to India. Mahatma Gandhi had a goal for laborers and farmers to oppose unfair discrimination and taxes against them. He believed in self-rule in India, which would end discrimination, poverty, while also liberating women. To gain independence, he developed a policy that believed in noncooperation and nonviolent actions. He was a leader of the Indian National Congress and endorsed the Home Rule Movement. Due to his actions, he was eventually was put in jail. In 1930 he led a symbolic march where they collected salt to make a point against the government. In 1931 he attended the London Round Table conference. There they discussed Indian constitutional reform. He tried to reach an agreement with the Cabinet Mission in 1946 where he advocated for a new constitutional formation or structure. In Bengal in 1947, he tried to end the Hindu Muslim conflict. This ended up with...
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...GKE Task 2 Nelson Mandela was a visionary freedom fighter who brought about the end of an apartheid society and solidified the democratic elections of presidents by majority rule to South Africa. Born in 1918, Mandela’s early introduction to leadership in the Thembu tribe molded his democratic beliefs. ("Nelson Mandela," 2009) His youth found him exposed to Western culture which ultimately led him to abandon the Thembu culture and relocate to Johannesburg ("Nelson Mandela," 2009). It was during his early years in Johannesburg that he explored the many political philosophies that surrounded him. It was also during this time that Mandela began thoughtful observation and contemplation of the struggles of the black men and women in South Africa. Mandela came to the conclusion, “It was not lack of ability that limited my people, but lack of opportunity” (Sohail, 2005). His profound dissatisfaction with the apartheid society and the oppression of his people eventually led him to join the African National Congress or ANC in 1944 ("Nelson Mandela," 2009). In 1948, the Afrikaner dominated National Party established the apartheid customs into law (Sohail, 2005). In response to this the ANC initiated the Campaign for the Defiance of Unjust Laws at the urging of Mandela (Sohail, 2005). This was the turning point for the ANC and the beginning of Mandela’s rise to recognized leader within the ANC. Prior to this campaign the ANC was committed to peaceful negotiations. With Mandela’s...
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...The Two Most Significant Social or Political Changes by Martin Luther Nefertiti Aziz GKE TASK 2A Western Governors University There are many great reformers of history like Mohandas Gandhi, Nelson Mandela and Benazir Bhutto but I chose to write my essay on Martin Luther who in my opinion one of the greatest reformers of all time . Without even planning to Martin Luther would become one of the great reformers of Christianity and alter the course of Christianity and Western past forever. To me the two most significant social or political changes that occurred as a result of the actions of Martin Luther was the writing of the “Ninety-Nine Theses” with led to the protestant reformation and the translation of the bible in Germany Born to father Hans and mother Margaretta in Eisleben, Germany, in 1483, Martin Luther was one of a family of ten. Although Martin was born in Eisleben his father Hans a prominent business moved his family to Mansfeld and from there Martin went on to become one of the most significant figures in history. In his younger year Martin Luther spent his time as monk and scholar but in 1517 Martin Luther produced a document condemning the Catholic Church's unethical customs of retailing “pleasures” to pardon wickedness. His “Ninety-Five Theses”, which promoted two central beliefs, the first belief is that the Bible is the fundamental religious authority and the second was that individuals may grasp...
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...Nelson Mandela was known as a world leader for his role in fighting apartheid and being the first multi-racial president of South Africa. His presidency created a significant change in the perception and building of a multiracial society in South Africa and around the world. Nelson Mandela was also known to be a leader of a civil rights organization known as the African National Congress. The purpose of the African National Congress was to demolish racial segregation and discrimination. The two most significant social changes made by Nelson Mandela was his uniting of a fiercely divided country and his creation of a truly democratic society in South Africa. A great leader will always fight for what they believe in. Nelson Mandela's dream was building a society in which all South Africans could live in freedom and prosperity. He wanted a free, non-racial, and non-sexist society for all South Africans. In Mandela’s early years he was raised by the Thembu tribe located on South Africa’s southeastern coast. He wanted to escape the Thembu traditions of marrying a woman of his regent’s choice so he fled to Johannesburg. In Johannesburg, Mandela was able to find work at a Jewish law firm in 1942. His entry level position encouraged him to obtain a bachelor’s degree in law. Through this law firm, Mandela was introduced to many different ideas, communists, politicians, and the African National Congress. During this time, South Africa was ruled by a white government which believed in...
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...THEMES IN U.S. & WORLD HISTORY GKE1 Task 2: Individuals and Institutions as Mechanisms of Social Change Part A Martin Luther was a monk who lived in Wittenberg, Germany. The two most significant changes that he made were challenging Church policies and he sparked the Protestant Reformation, a religious movement. Both of these changes are political and social changes. Luther wrote the “Ninety-Five Theses”, in the Ninety-Five Theses” he listed the reasons why he believed the church was corrupted due to their abuse of power. Luther posted his “Ninety-Five Theses” all around the city and on the church. His “Ninety-Five Theses” reached people and the pope as well. Through this act Luther gained many followers, but he was eventually excommunicated from the church and declared an outlaw. Being excommunicated meant that you would be cut out from contact with the church. If you were declared and outlaw this meant that it was against the law to do any service for Luther. Despite Luther being declared an outlaw, his teachings and ideas lived on. Luther’s work rapidly spread because he was able to use the movable type printing press to create copies of his “Ninety-Five Theses”. As Luther’s “95 Theses” spread, more people began questioning the power of the Church and questioned its policies. This lead to the Protestant Reformation. The Protestant reformation was a time where people decided to stop following church policies and norms. Nuns left their monasteries and convicts. They...
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...Martin Luther King Jr. made a dramatic impact on the world. One of his most notable and greatest accomplishments was the push he made for desegregation. “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.” I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood” (King Jr., 1963). He spoke out loudly on the issue of segregation, and helped to bring about gradual and positive change. Even after his death, large steps have been made in equality for all people regardless of race. He also was instrumental in showing that one person can stand up and make a difference in a big issue. There have always been people that stand up and defy something they may see as unjust or upsetting. However, there are not as many people that started with little to no backing. Martin Luther King Jr. built a movement that has stood the test of time with organizations like the NAACP who attempt to continue his good work. He cried out loudly against the evils he saw, and changed the world forever. “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly” (King Jr., 1963). Gandhi is another great example of a man who stood for...
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...1 Geography and the Development and Diffusion of Human Societies GKE TASK 1 Michelle Murray Western Governors University GKE Task1 2 A. The two rivers, Tigris and Euphrates are substantial examples of geographical and environmental factors that impacted the development of the Mesopotamia civilization. Mesopotamia- “known as the land between two rivers”. (Hollar,2011). Details Tigris river is 1180 miles long deeper but shorter than the Euphrates river. The Euphrates River is 1700 miles long and not as deep only flat boats can ride along this river. (Hollar,2011). I believe both rivers contributed to the Mesopotamia civilization and were significant geographical and environmental factors. The two rivers were a point of focus from the beginning. They provided rich soil perfect for agriculture, deposits of mud and clay to build their community, mode of transportation and water for irrigation for crops. The use of these valleys’ soil and water were signs of innovation and exchange. The Mesopotamians made the Fertile Crescent fertile with their irrigation technology. (Keita,n.d) They had to create an irrigation system so they could better operate the river’s water. Along with the fertile soil, proper irrigation and organized labor they reaped the benefits of the land. They were able to grow a surplus of food not only for the community...
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...Evaluation Summary for Themes in U.S. and World History: GKE Task 3 Final Score: Does not Meet Overall comments: The work identifies Africa as an area that experienced imperialism. The African reaction is well discussed. However, the rise of imperialism is not addressed and two appropriate revolutions need to be compared. Detailed Results (Rubric used: GKE Task 3) Articulation of Response (clarity, organization, mechanics) (0) Unsatisfactory (1) Needs Revision (2) Satisfactory The candidate provides unsatisfactory articulation of response. The candidate provides weak articulation of response. The candidate provides adequate articulation of response. Criterion Score: 2.00 Comments on this criterion: The articulation of response is adequate. A. Imperialism or Colonialism (0) Unsatisfactory (1) Needs Revision (2) Satisfactory The candidate does not provide a logical discussion of the rise of imperialism or colonialism in 1 area of the world from the given list. The candidate provides a logical discussion, with insufficient detail, of the rise of imperialism or colonialism in 1 area of the world from the given list. The candidate provides a logical discussion, with sufficient detail, of the rise of imperialism or colonialism in 1 area of the world from the given list. Criterion Score: 0.00 Comments on this criterion: The work identifies Africa as an area that experienced colonialism/ imperialism. However, no discussion is provided explaining the rise...
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...Kayla Redd GKE 1 Task 2 4/23/15 Urban dictionary defines a world changer as someone “ who has a deep inner desire to contribute to making the world a better place, be it through political, infrastructure, technological or sociological advances, and puts such impulses to action in order to see such change become a reality, no matter how small” ("world changer", 2014). Most world changers are defined as powerful, influential, confident and/or visionary. These distinctive characteristics illustrate the mindsets of multiple profound leaders. Many world leaders are defines as having these characteristics. Mohandas Gandhi is considered a world changer. Gandhi was born in 1869 into a religious family from India. He remained a very religious man until his assassination in January of 1948. Gandhi demonstrated how the strong moral convictions of one person can influence a massmovement that led to fundamental change in political and social systems in his own country and the world. “Gandhi is internationally esteemed for his doctrine of nonviolent protest to achieve political and social progress” (Nanda). Gandhi’s main concerns were the poverty stricken communities in India. India ran on a caste system and Gandhi made it his ambition to limit the tribulations that India’s poor endured. Gandhi taught his message by living a life of the poor. Gandhi bonded multiple different group who were in pursuit of social justice and created a phil...
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...GKE Task 2 Laura Hofmann WGU Benazir Bhutto (6/21/53-12/27/07), became the first woman Prime Minister of Pakistan and the first woman to lead an Islamic Nation in 1988, after launching a campaign as candidate for the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), an organization established to resist military dictatorship. Benazir, first born daughter of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, was educated at Radcliffe, where she received her BA in 1973, then went on to Oxford where she studied Political Science and Economics, receiving another BA in 1977. She was raised with her 2 brothers and 2 sisters by parents who taught their children they had an “obligation to repay society for all that had been provided”, and were encouraged to have careers that benefitted people. (Bhutto, 2008, p. 39) Benazir dedicated her life to fighting for democracy for Pakistan. Her father was elected as Prime Minister in 1977, but was overthrown and jailed within days of taking power. Benazir was placed under house arrest with her mother and brothers. After her father’s execution in 1979, she took over the PPP and continued her father’s work of fighting for democracy in Pakistan. After being arrested multiple times and detained for over 3 years, enduring brutal treatment in jail, solitary confinement and illness she was exiled in 1984, and moved to London with 2 brothers. (Abhinav, 2013) Bhutto returned to Pakistan in 1986, and immediately began calling for the resignation of the Government responsible for her father’s death...
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...GKE Task 4 A. Justify your choice of the two most significant social consequences of the First Industrial revolution. The first social consequence of significance was the use of children as workers in both the farmlands and in the cities. It is amazing to me what some people will do to further development and their own wealth. Children were used as cheap labor and worked long hours. Factory owners took advantages of poor families by offering jobs to families, however with menial pay. Some families were forced to take what they could get. Often time children were just taken from their homes to work in the factories. Parents had little or no recourse against these kinds of tactics. The children themselves were forced to work in sub-standard, filthy and often dangerous conditions as this was also the time of machinery being introduced in factories. Beatings were commonplace for these children. Children worked out of fear. It is unbelievable that that in this day and age forms of child labor in other countries still exists. The Second social consequence of significance was urbanization. People and families in need of work flocked and naturally gravitated to the cities that house the factories. Desperately looking for work these people would be happy with any job. Much like with child labor these people were that advantage of with minimal pay and deplorable conditions. Because of the amount of people looking for jobs, job security was almost non-existent, you could just be...
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...Ginger Williams GKE Task 1 Geography plays a very vital role in the development of the early human societies. The development occurred as people of different regions interacted with others and shared as well as extended their acquired knowledge. This led to primitive people establishing and populating the regions. Physical geography and the culture of the people of Mesopotamia shaped the society of the day (Maisels, 1999). Just as Mesopotamia, the same physical geography is seen to have contributed to the development of United States through the process of diffusion of people and their ideas. Mesopotamia, is the birthplace to early civilisation and early agriculture, and this is attributed to its critical geographical features, which included rivers and fertile flat lands. The easy accessibility of water from the rivers Tigris and Euphrates provided the people with the knowledge to bring in more dependable food sources. These two rivers run almost parallel to each other, and together the rivers formed the greatest agriculturally productive alluvial plain. It is on these alluvial plains that the initial crop plantations were experimented. After this was successful, the people started coming up with other means of tapping the water and expanding the land under irrigation. The region was also filled with lots of plants that were easy to domesticate (Maisels, 1999). Therefore, the culture of the people was influenced by the physical geography, and this contributed to the development...
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...Themes in U.S. and World History GKE Task 1 Geography and the Development and Diffusion of Human Societies A. One significant physical geographic factor that contributed to the development of Mesopotamia was the location of, and access to, the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers, as well as their tributaries. Located in a region known as the “Fertile Crescent”, Mesopotamia was able to utilize these rivers for transportation and irrigation of crops. As a result of flooding by the Euphrates, large silt deposits provided rich soil and promoted the cultivation of emmer, barley, beans, olives, grapes and flax. In turn, these harvested crops provided not just food for the farmers but also served as a trade medium with nomadic tribes in the area. Because of the availability of water and rich soils, the area was attractive to settlement and communities developed. The clay soil also was an excellent material for the production of bricks which were used to build more permanent structures. In order to divert the waters, irrigation canals were dug and dams were built. The need for cooperation between individuals in order to complete some of the larger irrigation and flood control projects led to the growth of government and the establishment of laws. None of this would have been possible without the presence of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. B. The diffusion of the chariot between societies came about primarily due to its primary designed purpose. The original purpose of the...
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...“Industrial Revolution” GKE Task 4 WGU Indiana The Industrial Revolution was the change from hand crafted products and small farming operations to machine manufactured products and large scale farms using more mechanical equipment. While the birthplace of the revolution was in Britain around 1760, one similar took place in America from 1790 to 1870. Britain had tried very hard to keep the monopoly on its industrial technology, however this couldn’t last forever. Some of the British saw the potential of profitable opportunities and took this knowledge abroad (Industrial Revolution, 2013) With any major change in a society has consequences. One social consequence of the Industrial Revolution was the division of social classes. Before, there were the very rich and the very poor. As factories and industry made production of goods more efficient, these goods were cheaper. People could now afford to buy everything they needed and still have money left over. They could now afford to enjoy leisure goods instead of only buying what they needed to survive. Thus, the emergence of the middle class. This class consisted of anyone with a decent job, shop clerks, accountants, managers and so on (Introduction to the Industrial Revolution). While the production of goods at a faster rate and larger quantity made them cheaper and more available had its advantages, the division of society had negative consequences as well. The use of technology on farms meant fewer...
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...GKE Task 2 Part A: Justify two significant social and/or political changes that occurred as a result of the actions of one world leader. Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948) once said, “My life is my message” (Soomo, 2013). He was a world leader that led by example. In this essay I will give an example of a political and a social change created by Gandhi’s teaching. To begin with Gandhi’s background, as a young adult in London, he trained as a barrister according to Sohail (2005). Sohail identified that Gandhi soon discovered a disliking for the busy lifestyle, high standard of living, and expense of the city. Even though he only spent a few years in London, it really shaped his simple living views that he would live his entire life by. His next big adventure was in South Africa. Sohail stated that Gandhi became a leader with the Indian National Congress and fought for equality. He was a leader in the Indian community. According to Lal (2012), Gandhi practiced Satyagraha, the practice of non-violent resistance, to make political points without violence. It was also here that he organized small self-sufficient communities, Lal described. Gandhi led others by his own example. I believe this is why he was so influential. He didn’t just tell the public how change should occur; he showed the people how it occurred and the importance of the change. Most leaders of that time demanded obedience, or else severe punishment followed. Gandhi’s approach forever changed the world socially...
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