Western Governors University
GKT1 Applications in US and World History Tammy Railsback

Four Themes to be Addressed
• Geography and the Development/Diffusion of Human Societies-Cumberland Gap • Individuals and Institutions as Mechanisms of Social/Governmental Change-Clara Barton • Historical Systems of Power, Governance and Authority-The Nazi Party • Science and Technology as the Engine of Economic Growth and Development-Gunpowder

Geography and the Development of Human Societies
The United States: Cumberland Gap

Cumberland Gap is an excellent example of geography and diffusion of human society as until its discovery in 1750 the Appalachian Mountains blocked the way of further settlement into the West.

History of Cumberland Gap
• Natural passage through the Cumberland Mtns. • Formed by erosion from a stream that once flowed through it. • The path used by animals and Native Americans. • First discovered and explored by Dr. Thomas Walker in 1750 (Columbia Encyclopedia, 2013).

Road to the West
• In 1775 Daniel Boone and party of woodsman marked the Cumberland Gap as they traveled from Virginia to Kentucky. • Up until 1810 the Cumberland Gap was known as “the way West” and saw a steady stream of settlers pass through it. • Between the 18th and 19th centuries the Cumberland Gap was travelled by over 200,000 people migrating west. • The Cumberland Gap remained a major route for travel & trade during the 20th century (Mahaney, 2014).

Individuals as Mechanisms of Social and Governmental Change
The United States: Clara Barton

Clara Barton 1821-1912
Clara Barton lived a life dedicated to the service of others. Her efforts led to the establishment of the American Red Cross that supplies comfort and aid to those in need even today.

Life Achievements
• During the Civil War established a service of supplies for wounded soldiers. • Worked to