...GLOBAL BUSINESS STRATEGIES Analysis of the Global Competitive Environment Lecture 2 Analysis of the global competitive environment • External analysis can be divided into 2 linked processes: – Micro‐environmental analysis • competitive or near environment ‐ industry, market & strategic group – Macro‐environmental analysis • broad business or far environment STEP analysis • External analysis identifies opportunities and threats through continuous learning about the global and local business environments Industries and markets • An industry consists of a group of businesses producing / supplying similar products (goods or services) using similar: – – – – resources, skills, competences, technology processes and value adding activities materials supplier channels and distribution channels Markets • A market is defined in terms of shared: – – – – – products or services customers customer needs distribution channels Competitors Why the distinction between industry and market? • Businesses develop core competences within an industry which are then deployed in markets to satisfy customer demands – An industry can serve more than one market – A market can be served by more than one industry Analysis of the competitive environment • This involves assessing: – the extent of globalisation in the industry and market ‐ Yip’s globalisation driver framework – the nature and extent of competition ‐ Porter’s five forces...
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...Global strategy and management Chapter 1: Understanding Global Strategy What is global strategy? Traditional global strategy is treating different countries as one worldwide all global market. Some companies are considering the world as one big country. For example Coke is distributed around the world. But that strategy has backfired repeatedly. For example, the Toyota Camry is the best-selling car in the U.S., but not even top five best-selling cars in Japan. A more balanced view covering both global and local (non global) aspects is necessary. Keys to a successful total global strategy: The total global strategy three separate components: 1. Developing the core strategy: developing the fundamental purpose of the organization and getting everybody and everything lined up to support that purpose. 2. Internationalizing the core strategy: it is the international expansion of activities and the adaptation of the core strategy. Companies need to have mastered the basics of international business before they can attempt the global strategy. 3. Globalizing the international strategy: by integrating the strategy across countries. Developing the core business strategy: Each separable business in a company needs its own core strategy. The core business strategy includes several key elements: * Type of products or services that the business offers * Types of customers that the business serves * Geographic markets served * Major sources...
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...Global integration and international HRM The case of global HRM integration Global integration can be said to be about the achievement of at least one of three key objectives: The control of foreign subsidiaries. Global integration from a control perspective is thus both about control and co-ordination with these being used in combination to achieve consistency of international business activities across borders. The transfer of practices to those subsidiaries The transfer of firm-specific practices for the purposes of achieving consistency and alignment amongst foreign subsidiaries also addresses the need to intergrade dispersed knowledge and practices, which is argued to be an important basis for competitive advantage firm. The appropriate adaptation of activities that requires both an understanding of parent practices and local conditions. Drivers of Global integration 1. Environmental drivers The novelty and limits of globalization notwithstanding, there are many features of globalization that are making global integration more feasible, more desirable and even more necessary. Few of them are the diminishing significance of national borders, supernational integration, the dismantling of trade and investment barriers etc. Environmental drivers of global integration put pressure on MNCs to take a course of action regarding their international strategy and structure. 2. Strategic drivers capture the business advantages...
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...Global Finance EnvironmentThis paper will analyze the drivers and consequences of globalization, describe the risks associated with global investing, and explain the importance of cultural sensitivity and ethics in global finance. However, there first must be an understanding of what globalization entails. Globalization is the expansion of companies and entities into the international market; working, manufacturing, and selling or buying from two or more countries. Companies that sell to other countries or buy from other countries are not a good example, but those that have investment, manufacturing, or other divisions of the company in another country is definitely globalization. Drivers of GlobalizationMany drivers of globalization affect an organization financially. Improvements in communication and transportation such as internet, emails, mobile phones, formation of trading blocs, depletion of trade restrictions and creating of new trade agreements among nations, comparative and competitive advantage being offered by certain nations and markets are all driving globalization and increasing trade among nations. Today, countries are increasingly becoming dependent on each other and companies are making a foray into global markets, either to increase their sales or to achieve comparative advantage in terms of production and thus satisfying the needs and wants of ever increasing demands of customers. These changes are increasing the resource requirements of global corporations...
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...expansion? What are the opportunities that it is trying to exploit? True / False Questions 1. (p. 7) Globalization refers to the shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy. TRUE AACSB: Analytic BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1-1 Topic: What Is Globalization? 2. (p. 7) Tastes and preferences of consumers in different nations are beginning to converge on some global norm. TRUE AACSB: Analytic BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1-1 Topic: What Is Globalization? 3. (p. 7) A company has to be a major multinational corporation to facilitate, and benefit from, the globalization of markets. FALSE AACSB: Analytic BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 1-1 Topic: What Is Globalization? 4. (p. 7) In Germany, 98 percent of small and midsize companies have exposure to international markets. TRUE AACSB: Analytic BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1-1 Topic: What Is Globalization? 5. (p. 8) Currently, the most global of markets are for industrial goods and materials that serve a universal need the world over. TRUE AACSB: Analytic BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1-1 Topic: What Is Globalization? 6. (p. 8) As firms follow each other around the world, greater diversity replaces uniformity. FALSE AACSB: Analytic BT: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 1-1 Topic: What Is Globalization...
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...MGT/448 Global Business Strategies Globalization Questionnaire There are many organizations and corporations, big and small that choose to take advantage of globalization. The movement of globalization in businesses today have in many ways saved a lot of businesses from going into bankruptcy or helped them in many areas where they may have otherwise fell short on their bottom line. Throughout this paper, the following questions will be answered; what is globalization, and what are some of the traditional international trade theories that support the concept of globalization? The major drivers of globalization will be listed examples provided of each. This paper will also explain how globalization affects your community and your organization. Globalization has in a sense transformed how many organizations conduct business on al daily basis. Globalization has had such a profound effect on many country’s economy; there level of education, their social standing in the world and their political landscape. Globalization is defined as “a trend of countries and cultures becoming more connected through business, governmental cooperation, mass media and other sectors. As the opportunities for meaningful exchange grow (through technology and cheaper travel) businesses are able to expand their scope into new markets, average citizens are able to get to know people from vastly different cultures, governments are able to more easily collaborate on initiatives that affect more...
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...Elements and Drivers of International Business 1. Globalization of Markets: It refers to the merging of national markets into one huge global marketplace. Now selling internationally is easier due to falling barriers to cross-border trade. A company doesn’t have to be the size of these multinational giants to facilitate and benefit from the globalization of markets. It is important to offer a standard product to the worldwide. But very significant differences still exist between national markets like consumer tastes, preferences, legal regulations, cultural systems. These differences require that marketing strategies in order to match the conditions in a country. To illustrate, Wal-Mart may still need to vary their product from country depending on local tastes and preferences. 2. Globalization of Production: It refers to the sourcing of goods and services from locations around the world to take advantage of national differences in the cost and quality of factors of production. The idea is to compete more effectively offering a product with good quality and low cost. For example, Nike is considerate one of the leading marketers of athletic shoes and apparel on the world. The company has some overseas factories where has achieved a super production with low cost. Unfortunately Nike has been a target of protest and persistent accusations that its products are made in sweatshops with poor working conditions. The company has signalled a commitment to improving working conditions...
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...Global Policy and Strategy The impact of globalisation: A case study on Tesco Plc. Submitted by: Ferdous Ahmed AL Mamun B00676737 Abstract Globalisation has been removed geographical barriers among the countries and allow an unrestricted international trade. It refers to the integration of world economies, share of technology and knowledge, inflow and outflow of foreign capital. Reduction of tax and tariff, easy enter into the foreign market, easy transportation impacted large domestic company. Now they seek possible opportunity in the foreign market and no longer national but multinational. The intension of this paper is to explain the impact of globalisation on Multinational Corporation. This study selected a multinational company ‘’Tesco Plc.” From food retail industry. And study explores how globalisation impacted Tesco Plc. On their international market, global policy, market competition etc. Table of contents 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 4 2. Market Drivers………………………………… ………………………………………. 4 3. Competitive Drivers………………………………………………………… …………. 5 4. Cost Drivers…………………………………………………………………… ……… 6 5. Government Drivers…………………………………………………………… …… 7 6. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………… ……….. 8 7. References………………………………………………………………… …………. 9 1. Introduction Globalisation is not a new phenomenon, but it is process by which world is becoming interconnected. Globalisation has changing the world’s trade and production pattern, has...
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...INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN GLOBAL BUSINESS TODAY UPS Global Operations with the DIAD CASE 1 (a) Global Operations with the DIAD IV URL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTIsQSodCFg; L=3:07 Systems (b) UPS’s Next-Generation Mobile Devices Are Here URL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0B2-o6BKMM; L=3:22 SUMMARY Using smart people and smart technology, UPS delivers over 16 million packages daily to 220 countries and territories, requiring the talents of 70,000 drivers who are wirelessly connected to UPS main databases. This case describes the evolution of the UPS DIAD technology platform, the transition to the new DIAD V in 2013, and the role of information systems in achieving UPS’ strategic business objectives. Two videos. CASE United Parcel Service’s global operations are driven by its information systems technology. What UPS can do is largely a function of its information technology investments. Beginning as a local delivery service in 1907, UPS expanded on the West coast initially, reached New York in the 1930s, and went international in the 1970s. Today, UPS delivers over 16 million packages daily to 220 countries and territories, requiring the talents of 70,000 drivers who are wirelessly connected to UPS databases located in seventeen major data centers throughout the world. UPS maintains a fleet of 95,000 delivery vehicles, and 230 aircraft worldwide. continued Chapter 1, Case 1 UPS Global Operations with the...
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...MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT: MR NUNKOO MOONESWAR RISHI CASE STUDY UPS GLOBAL OPERATIONS WITH THE DIAD 21.05.2014 Questions 1: List the various ways that DIAD improves customer service. UPS, that is, United Parcel Service, was started in the year 1907 and expanded in the year 1930s. Today a multi-billion dollar investment in the technology drove the growth of UPS over the last twenty five years beginning in 1990. This investment enabled the development of the DIAD (Delivery Information Acquisition Device). DIAD is a key element in UPS business technology platform. Today UPS delivery drivers more are efficient and effective and they are about 70,000 drivers who are wirelessly connected to UPS databases. They deliver over 16 million packages daily to their customers in 220 countries and territories. DIAD has built in GPRS and CDMA cell phone, a modem to facilitate the dial up access if necessary. These features enable UPS’ drivers to transmit real time data to their UPS center. DIAD has GPS (Global Positioning Satellite) connectivity which provides the drivers with detailed directions for pick-up of packages in order to locate the trucks and their packages. Drivers scan the package bar code, collect the receiver’s signature electronically. In overall, the UPS technology infrastructure enables UPS to offer its customers many services, such as package tracking, freight planning, and freight truck packing optimization, in addition to the basic shipment...
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...Chapter 01 The Challenging World of International Business True / False Questions 1. | All managers need to have a basic knowledge of international business. True False | 2. | As the term is used in the text, foreign business is business whose activities are carried out across national borders. True False | 3. | An international company is an organization with multicountry affiliates, each of which formulates its own business strategy based on perceived market differences. True False | 4. | A business whose activities are carried out across national borders is known as an international business. True False | 5. | Foreign business refers to the operations of a company outside its home or domestic market. True False | 6. | A company headquartered in another country is known as a foreign business. True False | 7. | The term international business is used to describe an organization with multicountry affiliates, each of which formulates its own business strategy based on perceived market differences. True False | 8. | A multidomestic company is an organization that attempts to standardize and integrate operations worldwide in all functional areas. True False | 9. | The term international company refers to both global and multidomestic companies. True False | 10. | A global company is an organization that attempts to standardize and integrate operations...
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...Global Finance Environment Paper FIN/403 May 4, 2008 Globalization refers to the merging of national markets into one huge global marketplace. In today’s market, selling internationally is much easier due to falling barriers in cross-border trade. Now businesses don’t have to be industry giants to operate and succeed in global markets. Although it can be beneficial to offer a standard product that can be used worldwide, significant differences still exist between national markets such as cultural differences, consumer taste differences, product preferences and legal regulations. It is important to define and understand these differences when merging into national markets. Globalization is inevitable and it’s happening at an astonishing speed in nearly every market possible. The technology era that we are in has enabled businesses to join forces like never before and we are seeing significant changes in the global marketplace. There are main drivers in globalization and this paper will define three of them, as well as describe the risks associated with financial investing, and explain the importance of cultural sensitivity and ethics in global finance. Drivers of Globalization Market drivers Domestic markets are saturated and growth opportunities are often times limited. Expanding globally opens up many new opportunities allowing for real growth within a business. The following lists in detail the specific market drivers that play a key role...
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...KENNETH C. LAUDON AND JANE P. LAUDON CHAPTER 1 INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN GLOBAL BUSINESS TODAY UPS Global Operations with the DIAD CASE 1 (a) Global Operations with the DIAD IV VIDEO CASE Systems URL http://careertv.com/video.php?mediaid=5Kb0tr9e-mNWk3iIvp3GZQ; L=3:07 (b) UPS’s Next-Generation Mobile Devices Are Here VIDEO CASE URL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0B2-o6BKMM; L=3:22 continued Chapter 1, Case 1 UPS Global Operations with the DIAD 2 SUMMARY Using smart people and smart technology, UPS delivers over 16 million packages daily to 220 countries and territories, requiring the talents of 70,000 drivers who are wirelessly connected to UPS main databases. This case describes the evolution of the UPS DIAD technology platform, the transition to the new DIAD V in 2013, and the role of information systems in achieving UPS’ strategic business objectives. Two videos. CASE United Parcel Service’s global operations are driven by its information systems technology. What UPS can do is largely a function of its information technology investments. Beginning as a local delivery service in 1907, UPS expanded on the West coast initially, reached New York in the 1930s, and went international in the 1970s. Today, UPS delivers over 16 million packages daily to 220 countries and territories, requiring the talents of 70,000 drivers who are wirelessly connected to UPS databases located in seventeen major data...
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...Developing Global Strategies for Service Businesses. Author: Lovelock, Christopher H. Yip, George S. Source: California Management Review. 38(2): 64-86. 1996 Winter. Abstract A study provides a framework for developing global strategies for service businesses. It integrates existing, separate frameworks on globalization and on service businesses, analyzes how the distinctive characteristics of service businesses affect globalization and which do not. It then applies the new framework to numerous industry and company examples, with particular emphasis on the role of information technology. Full Text How do the distinctive characteristics of service businesses affect globalization and the use of global strategy? This is a crucial question for managers in numerous industries. Not only are services continuing to grow rapidly in domestic economies, but international trade in services is increasing, too. The United States, like some other developed countries, has a trade surplus in services that helps offset the deficit in merchandise trade. In contrast, Japan has been much less successful in internationalizing its service businesses.1 So it is essential to national competitiveness that governments, as well as companies, achieve a better understanding of how to develop effective global strategies for different types of service businesses. Most research to date has focused either on why and how service firms internationalize or on different modes of internationalization.2 In...
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...Globalization; Its Drivers and Effects Globalization, in the most basic sense, can be defined as a trend in which countries across the globe are joining economically. Hill (2009) describes the major facets of globalization to include the globalization of markets and the globalization of production. The globalization of markets is a result of merging local and national markets to create one somewhat homogenous “global” market whereby the individual preferences of regions, or nations, have converged. On the other hand, the globalization of production has allowed firms to split their operations internationally. As a result, each stage of production for these firms takes place in countries around the world in areas where work can be accomplished at the lowest cost. The decrease in international trade and investment barriers and advancements in technology have served as the major drivers of globalization. Furthermore, Hill (2009) identifies that globalization has had an effect on the demographics of the global economy. This paper provides an analysis of the major drivers and effects of globalization and recognizes some of international trade theories that support the need for a global economy. Drivers of Globalization The first major driver influencing the spread of globalization is the decline in barriers to free trade. Since the end of World War II, the advanced nations of the West have advocated the free flow of goods, services, and capitol between nations. Hence, the General...
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