...Manag Int Rev (2011) 51:179–192 DOI 10.1007/s11575-011-0071-6 R e s e a R c h a Rt i c l e Effective Global Strategy Implementation Structural and Process Choices Facilitating Global Integration and Coordination Attila Yaprak · Shichun Xu · Erin Cavusgil Abstract: 0 0 this article offers a contingency framework of global strategy implementation effectiveness on firm performance. The research question we seek to address is what the structural and process requirements are for MNEs to successfully implement global strategy through increased efficiency and effectiveness of integration and coordination across world markets. Our central premise is that MNEs’ capabilities in establishing supporting structural and process mechanisms will enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of implementing their global strategies which would, in turn, lead to better firm performance. Keywords: Integration and coordination · Global strategy · Firm performance · contingency framework Received: 25.12.2009 / Revised: 15.08.2010 / Accepted: 11.10.2010 / Published online: 02.04.2011 © Gabler-Verlag 2011 Prof. A. Yaprak () Department of Marketing, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA e-mail: Attila.yaprak@wayne.edu Asst. Prof. S. Xu Department of Marketing and Logistics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA Asst. Prof. E. Cavusgil Department of Marketing, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, USA 180 A. Yaprak et al. Introduction The globalization of the world economy...
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...References Wikipedia. 2013. Target market. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Target_market [Accessed: 27 Nov 2013 Anh, P. and Anh, P. 2013. Thống kê số người sử dụng smartphone tại Việt Nam 8/2013. [online] Available at: http://seotopten.net/thong-ke-so-nguoi-su-dung-smartphone-tai-viet-nam-82013/ [Accessed: 28 Nov 2013]. Customer Delight Service. 2013. [e-book] http://www.samsung.com/us/aboutsamsung/sustainability/productservices/download/Customer_delight_service.pdf [Accessed: 27 Nov 2013]. Dialaphone.co.uk. 2013. Samsung Galaxy S IV: How it Stands | Mobile Phone Reviews. [online] Available at: http://www.dialaphone.co.uk/blog/2013/03/15/samsung-galaxy-s4-as-it-stands/ [Accessed: 27 Nov 2013]. Education-Portal.com. 2013. Business Buyers: New Buy, Modified Rebuy, Straight Rebuy - Free Principles of Marketing Video. [online] Available at: http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/business-buyers-new-buy-modified-rebuy-straight-rebuy.html#lesson [Accessed: 28 Nov 2013]. Education-Portal.com. 2013. What Is Consumer Buying Behavior? - Definition, Types & Quiz | Education Portal. [online] Available at: http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/what-is-consumer-buying-behavior-definition-types-quiz.html#lesson [Accessed: 28 Nov 2013]. Facebook. 2013. Samsung Việt Nam. [online] Available at: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Samsung-Vi%E1%BB%87t-Nam/391699070842477?id=391699070842477&sk=info [Accessed: 28 Nov 2013]. Fullyc.com. 2013. This Guy Asked Samsung...
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...Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) ECIS 2000 Proceedings European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) 1-1-2000 Best of Breed IT Strategy: An Alternative to Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Ben Light University of Salford Christopher P. Holland Manchester Business School, c.hollan@fs2.mbs.ac.uk Sue Kelly Manchester Business School Karl Willis IT Consultant Follow this and additional works at: http://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2000 Recommended Citation Light, Ben; Holland, Christopher P.; Kelly, Sue; and Willis, Karl, "Best of Breed IT Strategy: An Alternative to Enterprise Resource Planning Systems" (2000). ECIS 2000 Proceedings. Paper 180. http://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2000/180 This material is brought to you by the European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) at AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). It has been accepted for inclusion in ECIS 2000 Proceedings by an authorized administrator of AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). For more information, please contact elibrary@aisnet.org. search Best Of Breed IT Strategy: An Alternative To Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Ben Light Information Systems Institute, University of Salford - b.light@salford.ac.uk Christopher P. Holland and Sue Kelly. Manchester Business School - c.holland@fs2.mbs.ac.uk Karl Wills IT Consultant * Abstract - Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software has become the dominant strategic platform for supporting enterprise-wide business...
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...Social Responsibility Abstract This paper will discuss the competition of Global Gas Intele Travel who has agents and customers in the United States and over 22 countries. It will discuss the target market of the business, who they market their product to. The product, distribution communication and pricing will be discussed. The product strategy basically is have a solid product that customers want and will continue to use. With the distribution strategy it will discuss the many was the product is being distributed in the market. Communication strategy will be explained as to how the product is communicated within the distribution channel and the pricing strategy will show how the company will make the price competitive. Introduction The selected global company is Global Gas Card who is associated with Intele Travel. My rationale for this selection is that I am presently a member of Global Gas as a distributor and as such is a home based independent travel agent of Intele Travel, therefore, conducting the marketing analysis gives me the opportunity to familiarize myself with the business and how to better run and market my own business as an independent travel agent. Global Gas Card as an associated company with Intele Travel Agency afford its members the opportunity to become home based Travel Agents of Intele Travel. Describe Main Line of Business of the Company Intele Travel is a home based international travel company with 120 million in sales and thousands...
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...1. The authors describe a four-phase process for global expansion. What are the four phases? * In the initial entry phase, firms must establish a foothold in different foreign markets. Country markets of interest are identified as bases for future expansion. Strategic decisions are then made regarding how and when to enter the specific markets. Efforts to maximize international economies of scale are evaluated, paying particular attention to production, advertising and branding. * Through efforts with local market expansion, firms promote sales from each country-specific base. New products and services are developed, or existing products and services are tailored to meet the customer demands of each country market. In doing so, firms strive to achieve economies of scope by spreading shared costs across multiple product and service lines. * Global rationalization induces worldwide economies of scale, shifting the trend away from country-centric strategies. This increase in efficiency stimulates a higher quality of R&D, operations, engineering, and even management techniques; synergies are realized by this new organization of operations. * Semi global Marketing Strategy allows for the simultaneous focus of managing multiple strategies in multiple country markets. During this step it is imperative that firms maintain their competitive position and market share in developed markets, while concurrently establishing a presence in divergent emerging markets...
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...Global Strategy and Leadership is the capstone segment for the CPA Program professional level. This segment consolidates your learning in the other three compulsory segments, Ethics and Governance, Financial Reporting and Strategic Management Accounting. In the increasingly complex business environment in which organisations operate, characterised by change, uncertainty and escalating competition, the disciplines of strategy and leadership have become critical to successful organisational performance. The aim of this segment is to link the knowledge of management and financial accounting to the concepts of strategy and leadership. Accountants use a variety of technical information to make decisions for the future of the business within an ethical framework of operation. This segment shows that accounting information, ethics, strategy and leadership are applicable to accountants working throughout the world in diverse organisations. As discussed in Ethics and Governance, accounting as a profession is respected internationally and CPAs are employed worldwide. The segment materials address the needs of candidates operating in different international markets in varying roles. This segment builds upon knowledge gained in the other three compulsory segments of the professional level. The concepts of professional ethics and good governance underpin the segment. Candidates who have previously undertaken the Advanced Audit and Assurance or Strategic Management Accounting segments will...
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...International Management Part 1: The Global Manager’s Environment Part 2: The Cultural Context of Global Management Part 3: Formulating Strategy Part 4: Global Human Resources Management The University of Western Australia Strategic Planning and Strategy Strategic Planning • The process by which a firm’s managers evaluate the future prospects of the firma and decide on appropriate strategies to achieve long-term objectives Strategy • The basic means by which the firm competes., that is, its choice of business or businesses in which to operate and the ways in which it differentiates itself from its competitors 63 How does globalisation, risk, political-legal-ethical and culture affect the value chain that a firm manages and operates to create ‘value’ = strategic planning +strategy = STRATEGIC FIT between ‘inputs’ and ‘outputs’ Porter, M (1985) Competitive Advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance. NY: Free Press The University of Western Australia Steps in Developing International and Global Strategies Mission and Objectives Environmental Assessment and Scanning (PEST, PESTEL, Risk) Internal and Competitive Analysis (SWOT) Global Integrative and Entry Strategy Alternatives (Export, JV, Strategic Alliance, CAGE) Strategic Choice, Implementation, Feedback, and Control (Governance) Copyright ©2014 Pearson Education Realize that much of international business is conducted through strategic alliances...
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...International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Name Institution Date Abstract The International Business Machines Corporation work to offer innovation on the global economy through its high value solution and the integrated technology of business model so that it can produce measurable results for its customers. This research study intends to bring out the implementation of IBM in different fields of competition, target market, product strategy, distribution, communication and pricing strategies and in comparison of its implementation in different countries. Introduction The international Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an international technology corporation based in Armonk, New York, United States. The company manufactures and promotes hardware and software computer products and offers communications, hosting and consulting services with its diverse expertise ranging from nanotechnology to mainframe computers. The Main Line of Business of IBM The birth of the company dates back to 1911 through the a unification of three companies namely; the Computing Scale Company, the International Time Recording Company and the Tabulating Machine Company, thus the formation of the then Computing Tabulating Recording Company. The current IBM adopted its name from the earlier CTR in 1924 and was nicknamed the big blue because of the common use of blue color in its logo, packaging and products (Young et al, 2003). The 8th in ranking of the leading information...
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...Nowadays, the global maritime logistics has developed more and more important role in the process of globalization. In the era of knowledge-driven economy, the external environment for global maritime logistics has changed a lot, which presents more and higher requirements for global maritime logistics management accordingly. The changes in global maritime logistics internal requirements and external environment certainly impel the adjustments in management philosophy, business strategy, institutional framework, human resource, maritime logistics culture and other aspects in maritime logistics management. Therefore, the study on maritime logistics management has both theoretical significance and practical significance. Cost reduction strategies have been frequently applied in the global maritime logistics. However, it has both advantages and disadvantages in global business. Therefore, it is very necessary to make the most use of cost reduction strategies according to the unique character of maritime logistics. With the guidance of modern management theory and management innovation theory, this paper discusses the cost reduction strategies and green strategies in global maritime logistics, and presents the idea that management is an objective requirement for maritime logistics development in the new situation. The paper summarizes the achievements and deficiencies in maritime logistics innovation of cost reduction strategies in the implementation of green strategies, mainly discusses...
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...Successful Corporate Strategy Global Business Strategy 1 - BUS-5024-0LA \ Table of Contents Introduction 3 Discussion of Chapter Readings and Theory 3 Chapter 5: International Trade Theories 3 Chapter 6: The Political Economy of International Trade 3 Chapter 7: Foreign Direct Investment 4 Chapter 11: Global Strategy 4 Chapter 12: Entering Foreign Markets 4 Introduction to the Case 5 Discussion of the Case 6 Definition of the Problem 6 Generation of Alternatives 6 Selection of Criteria 7 Choice of the Solution 7 Discussion of Implementation Plan 7 Strategy Implementation Assumptions 9 Strategy Directions Pursued By CRH 9 Corporate Parenting Roles Employed By CRH 9 CRH’s Acquisition Strategy and Its Contribution 10 How The Group’s Corporate Strategy Creates Value For CRH 10 Conclusion 10 References 13 Appendices 14 Appendix A 14 CRH plc: Dimensions of Successful Corporate Strategy Introduction Successful companies, these are companies that focus their efforts on strategic areas. To meet customer needs, the company must follow an overall organizational strategy. A good strategy helps to permanently preserve and strengthen the position of the target market, consistently meeting customer needs better than their competitors. The company's strategy, a way to focus on the target market segment, including that of their competitors. It is also an organization's plan, drawn up to gain a sustainable advantage over competitors. A strategy is a guide to...
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...Intarnational issues in strategy implementation Some obstacles to effective execution The road to effective strategy execution is full of potholes and dangers. What are some of them? * Planning and execution are interdependent. Strategy formulation and implementation are separate, distinguishable parts of the strategic management process. Logically, implementation follows formulation; one cannot implement something until that something exists. But formulation and implementation are also interdependent, part of an overall process of planning-executing-adapting. This interdependence suggests that overlap between planners and “doers” improves the probability of execution success. Not involving those responsible for execution in the planning process threatens knowledge transfer, commitment to sought-after outcomes, and the entire implementation process. * Execution takes time. The successful implementation of strategy takes more time than its formulation. This can challenge managers’ attention to execution details. The longer time frame can also detract from managers’ attention to strategic goals. Controls must be set to provide feedback and keep management abreast of external “shocks” and changes. The process of execution must be dynamic and adaptive, responding to unanticipated events. This imperative challenges managers responsible for execution. * Execution involves many people. Strategy implementation always involves more people than strategy formulation. This presents...
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...Implementation and Standardization Strategies Success in today’s business world implies that all aspects of planning be utilized to the fullest. This includes the analysis segmentation and targeting of a potential market to facilitate sales whether retail, local, or global. When these protocol are combined this results in implementation and standardization strategies. Current research also show that, “targeting implementation also implies developing media and message strategies to reach each selected segment”(Johansson, 2009). Team A will construct a document that reviews the implementation strategy for their products which includes the protocol to be used in the global standardization of the merchandise. Factors influencing local and foreign buyer behavior There are many factors that could influence the local and foreign buyer behavior but in this paper, we will focus on four major aspects of influencing. The four key components that we will elaborate on are Cultural, Social, Personal, and Psychological factors. These four key components can be interchanged on the local and foreign buyers market. Understand these particular factors will not only be a good basis for a successful product launch but it can also help bridge the gap within global affairs and communication. Cultural factors involve many situations depending on the country of orgin, or if there is a specific need for the product within that country. According to Perrau, Culture is essential when it comes...
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...Implementing Strategy in Companies That Compete Across Industries and Countries 13 - 1 Managing Corporate Strategy Through the Multidivisional Structure • Functional or product structures are not sufficient when a company enters new industries • Multidivisional structure innovations – Divisions (operating responsibility) – Corporate headquarters staff to monitor divisions (strategic responsibility) – Each division may be organized 13 - 2 Multidivisional Structure 13 - 3 Advantages of a Multidivisional Structure • • • • Enhanced corporate financial control Enhanced strategic control Growth Stronger pursuit of internal efficiency 13 - 4 Problems in Implementing a Multidivisional Structure • Establishing the divisional-corporate authority relationship • Distortion of information • Competition for resources • Transfer pricing • Short-term R&D focus • Duplication of functional resources 13 - 5 Structure, Control, Culture, and Corporate-Level Strategy • Unrelated diversification – Easiest and cheapest strategy to manage – Allows corporate managers to evaluate divisional performance easily and accurately – Divisions have considerable autonomy – No integration among divisions is necessary 13 - 6 Structure, Control, Culture, and Corporate-Level Strategy (cont’d) • Vertical integration – More expensive than unrelated diversification – Multidivisional structure provides necessary controls to achieve benefits from the control of resource transfers...
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...Porter’s five forces 2 3.2 Strategy Description 4 3.2.1 Ansoff Matrix 5 3.3 Strategy Evaluation 5 SWOT analysis 6 Strengths 6 Weaknesses 7 Opportunities 7 Threats 7 3.4 Strategic Issues 8 3.5 Strategic Recommendations 8 4. Strategy formulation 9 5. Strategy implementation 12 6. Conclusion 14 References 15 Table of figures Figure 1: Porter's five forces model 2 Figure 2: Ansoff Matrix 5 Figure 3: SWOT analysis 6 Figure 4: Strategic formulation and implementation 9 1. 2. Introduction Strategic management is the integratedaction to manage the resources and performance of the firm, aiming the optimum output. The whole process initiates with the commencement of specific mission and visionary objectives for the organization, following the policies and plans required to achieve these. In simple sense, strategic management is the combination of strategic analysis, strategy creation, implementation and monitoring(Thompson, 2001). The final outcome is the competitive advantage which in turn ensures the sustainability of the firm for the long run. According to Rothaermel, F. T. (2012) strategic management is an integrative management field that combines analysis, formulation, and implementation in the quest for competitive advantage.” So, in broader sense, Strategic management entails the whole managerial process where the internal and external environment of the firm are carefully analyzed and based on this an extensive strategy is formulated – facilitating...
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...CPA Program—professional level Global Strategy and Leadership Segment map and concepts Semester 1 2013 Authors: Delyth Samuel Published by Deakin University on behalf of CPA Australia Ltd, ABN 64 008 392 452 © CPA Australia Ltd February 2013 The contents are for general information only. They are not intended as professional advice, for that you should consult a suitable qualified professional. CPA Australia Ltd expressly disclaims all liability for any loss or damage arising from reliance upon any information in these papers. Contents Segment map Segment map 4 5 Segment concepts Module 1: An introduction to strategy and leadership Module 2: Understanding the external environment Module 3: Understanding the internal environment Module 4: Product and market development Module 5: Making strategic choices Module 6: Leading and implementing strategy 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 Segment map SEGMENT MAP AND CONCEPTS Segment map The following diagram shows how the study materials in Global Strategy and Leadership fit together in an overall concept map, with strategy and leadership concepts applying throughout. Strategy is an iterative process and this is reflected by the double-headed arrows. Module 1: An introduction to strategy and leadership Module 2: Understanding the external environment Defining the industry for analysis Past and future growth and profitability What’s needed to be successful Module 3: Understanding the internal environment...
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