...Anthropology: Principles and Concepts Anthropology is all around us. It is the concept which has made it what the world is today. The study is like a window to the past, a mirror to our present life and is like a lens to our future. The principle of anthropology is an understanding of the human life and the condition. A study into the anthropological concepts will help a person understand the human adaptations, both cultural as well as biological which helps us to understand how human beings have adapted in this current generation. The main principles which drive anthropology include analyzing the cultural similarities among human beings, the cultural development among human beings and understanding the biological evolutions as proved by the fossil records in the past. All these factors play an important role in the understanding of the human biological diversity that exists in the world today. In simpler words, anthropology is a study which aims to understand Homo sapiens as a whole. Anthropology has four basic fields-cultural anthropology, archaeology, biological anthropology and linguistics. The study of human beings gives a holistic view on the life of the human beings and how they have adapted over time. All these approaches and subfields of anthropology help scientists to study the human behaviour in a much better way. Anthropologists maintain their holistic vision and come up with primary data which enhances the understanding of the human nature and how they have...
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...Non-Western Globalization Globalization, as defined by the Cambridge American English dictionary, is “the development of closer economic, cultural, and political relations among all the countries of the world as a result of travel and communication becoming easy”. It goes on to state, “Optimists say globalization means more cultural choices for everyone”. In this paper we will examine two non- Western cultures and their response to globalization. “As globalization has had its positive impact on the society where it has shortened the distances between people of different religions and cultures, conversely it has also had negative effects on the culture as people tend to adopt western culture leaving their own culture and heritage behind.” (Anthropology, 2012) Prior to 1979, China had been closed off from the west. Chinese government was resistant to western influence and change. In 1979 Chinese government saw an opportunity in global trade, opening its borders to the western world and its influence. “Prior to being exposed to Western culture, China was a strong and prosperous empire and was the dominant political and cultural power in East Asia.” (Anthropology, 2012) With Globalization comes westernization and influence on all aspects of life, including culture and customs, dress and fashion, hairstyles, language, music and even construction. Western customs are embraced by the younger generations who see them as modern and exciting, rather than boring or obsolete. ...
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...The Attitude of Youth Populations toward Globalization What exactly are the youth views on globalization? First let’s start by defining globalization. Globalization refers to increasing global connectivity, integration and interdependence in the economic, social, technological, cultural, political, and ecological spheres. Globalization is an umbrella term and is perhaps best understood as a unitary process inclusive of many subprocesses that are increasingly binding people and the biosphere more tightly into one global system (Wikipedia, 2007). Next let’s verify the term youth. Youth is "The time of life when one is young; especially: a: the period between childhood and maturity b: the early period of existence, growth, or development" (Wikipedia, 2007). “Globalizing issues have effects on four major areas of international relations theory and practice. First, the interconnectedness of the plethora of subissues within health, environmental, and human rights issues affect international bargaining” (Mingst, 2004). These issues are talked about daily in the news. Often times when health issues are brought up it is related to youth whether it is HIV, STD’s, or just simple obesity. Often times these issues when viewed at by youth are things that do not affect them in actuality it affect them more so than adults. “Second, these globalizing issues themselves may be the source of conflict” (Mingst). With this being said it is evident why the world goes through epidemics...
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...ANTHROPOLOGY 101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Queens College / CUNY, Spring 2015 TuTh 12:15-1:30PM, Kiely 150 Professor: Ramona Lee Pérez, PhD Email: ramona.perez@qc.cuny.edu Office hours: Th 2-3 PM, PH 315H COURSE DESCRIPTION This course is an introduction to the range of human diversity through an exploration of the peoples of the world. We will cover the basic concepts, theories, and methods that anthropologists use to study variations in cultural norms and social practices, economic systems and rules of law, social organization and patterns of inequality, identity and worldview, and patterns of social and cultural change. Focusing on the culture concept and the method of ethnography, we begin with the historical foundations of anthropology and then follow its attempts to understand contemporary human cultures. Comparative analysis of multiple ethnographic case studies and major theoretical approaches illuminates the range of human diversity, the forces that shape cultures, and how people adapt to a rapidly changing modern world. The central objectives of this course are to develop your intellectual skills, your cross-cultural fluency, and your sense of civic and moral engagement in global society. I hope that this course inspires many of you to become anthropology majors or minors, and grants each of you an anthropological perspective on your own life. REQUIREMENTS This is an intensive course that requires full participation from every student...
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...according to Study.Com (n.d.). As defined, Sociology is the study of society. This discipline helps in understanding the group or departmental dynamics and how it influences the organization. Organization changes happens every now and then as companies tries to stay afloat in this globalization era, companies implements changes every too often to cope with and to stay as a front runner in the global market. In adapting to these changes, Sociology helps in insuring smooth transition and the organizations...
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...better understanding of the origin and nature of his works. In doing so I found out that Paul Stoller is an anthropologist was has been conducting research for about 30 years. His studies of West African immigrant in New York started in 1992, which has resulted in involving topics like the cultural dynamics of informal market economies and politics of immigration. His work has resulted in 11 publications which are widely read and recognized. ("Anthropology & Sociology) In this article Paul Stoller investigates the effects that evolution has on African Art. He starts with a scene set at The Ney York International Tribal Antiques Show at the Seventh Regent Armory on Park Avenue. As he highlights that African Art has been altered in the way the Western World perceived the art to be, he continues to provide evidence that indeed economic and social forces of globalization has changed the world of art. “There is a vast and varied literature on the social and economic impact of the globalization. Several analysts argue that globalization has fundamentally altered the nature of cultural processes, political dynamics and social interaction.” (Stoller 209) After reflecting on this statement, I believe that the Western World interpretation of the art may have predicted the way in which people interacted with African Art. Because African Artists, in most cases, did not have the chance share their story, the true sense of the arts was lost. The purpose of African art was not to satisfy...
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...Globalization has many different definitions. One important fact, no matter how you look at globalization, is that a place has been affected one way or another by someone or something else. According to the text Anthropology: The Human Challenge, globalization is movement of “natural resources, trade goods, human labor, financial capital, information, and infectious diseases” from one are to another (Haviland, 2008). In this essay, globalization will look at westernized countries and their affect on non-westernized countries. One example of globalization is the oil industry in Nigeria. In 1956, western company Shell-BP discovered oil in the Niger Delta. This discovery led to a rapid boom of oil production and revenue, with money supplying both the western oil companies as well as Nigerian Government (Nicely, 2014). Before discovery of oil, Nigeria was an agriculture country, whose main source of income came from farm and crops grown in tropical to semitropical climates (Nigeria, 2015). Now, after years of oil production, Nigeria’s agriculture is no longer at the forefront, with oil production now the largest source of revenue (Economy, 2008). With this increased oil production, other issues have risen. Pollution, health problems, and political unrest are just some of the issues to have taken over Nigeria after oil was discovered (Nicely, 2014). Another example of globalization of western culture to the east is call centers immerging in India. Western businesses such as credit...
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...Midterm 1 Notes * Anthropological Approaches to Understanding Evolution * What is Anthropology? * the study of culture * the study of humans * the study of humans and human behavior * the study of culture among different people and places * the study of global cultures and the comparisons between the various differences * It incorporate culture, including language, social practice, religion, etc. * the study of culture…it can be scientific, humanistic and based on observation * the study of humans in all parts of the world…it combines several fields into a holistic view * the study of humankind in all time and places * Anthropology is: 1. A Social Science * Academic discipline concerned with society and the relationships among individuals within a society, which often reply primarily on empirical approaches 2. Studies Culture * Culture is composed of ideas, values and perceptions * Culture is not instinctual, it must be learned and shared * Culture only exists within a society or group of people * Culture is a human adaptation to their environment 3. Holistic * The various parts of human culture and biology must be viewed in the broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnections and interdependence * Cultural Anthropology * The study of patterns of human behavior, thought and emotions, focusing on humans as culture-producing and culture-reproducing creatures ...
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...Kunal Mishra Due: Thursday, July 28th, 2011 Anthropology 100 Session— 7/11-8/04 (11:30-2:40) Santiago Canyon Community College Essay Question: What is Applied Anthropology? How is field anthropology used to solve modern human problems? Give specific examples of applied anthropology as reported in your textbook. Thesis Statement:. Anthropology. The study of human culture as it relates to all times, past, present, and future. A mouthful to say, and a whole bunch more difficult to comprehend. Yet, anthropology is often considered one of the most important sciences in our social world today. It is used anywhere, from a tidy desk in New York City, to the rainforests of Equatorial Guinea. That is the unique thing about anthropology; it can be applied to real life and be studied in a book. However, it is in the field that advancements in the study of culture are made, not books, so it will serve our purpose of learning about the fieldwork that anthropologists are called on to do. Different techniques and examples are all part of the diversity that applied anthropology requires, and many will be shown here. To fully understand applied anthropology, one must know the actual definition and how it relates to anthropology as a whole. The formal definition is: the use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems, often for a specific client. From this, we can hypothesize that groups, such as governments or corporations, hire anthropologists to solve a problem...
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...GLT1 Issues in Behavioral Science - Anthropology Assessment/Task 1 Deana Lenihan Western Governors University GLT1 Issues in Behavioral Science - Anthropology Assessment/Task 1 Many changes have occurred in non-developed countries and societies since World War II. Many of these changes are due to globalization. Globalization is the development of integration and interaction among societies and cultures of different nations, a method motivated by international trade and investment and assisted by information technology (Globalization101, 2014, para. 1). Western countries and societies have invaded non-western areas with their beliefs and ways of doing things. This has dramatically changed how non-western societies do business, communicate, dress, eat and conduct life. The following three examples will demonstrate how globalization has impacted contemporary non-western societies and cultures. The first example will reveal how India’s wardrobe has been westernized. The second example will demonstrate how the introduction of McDonald’s to Japan has changed the way they approach meals. The third example will show how the media drove the Chinese government to allow international adoption. Example 1 The media and marketplace has caused India’s traditional wardrobe of men and women wearing dress to be quickly left behind and replaced with westernized clothing. The traditional Indian attire is becoming obsolete in both boys and girls and being replaced with (blue jean) trousers...
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...Communication and Interpersonal Relationships Inquiry: How has technology impacted workplace relationships? How has communication evolved (anthropology and sociology)? What is the cultural impact? Analysis: It was about nine years ago I was a Staff Sergeant stationed in Seymour Johnson AFB and we recently had acquired a new commander. One of the new directives he gave to us stood out, and it was we were not allowed to use e-mail to communicate on Wednesdays; phone and face to face interaction was encouraged. It seemed counterproductive at the time, but he had a point, he wanted to strengthen our workplace relationships as the team we were. I believe the impact of technology can either be good or bad, it depends mostly on the user and the guidelines that their leadership imposes. It seems that even though technology increases effectivity and efficiency at work it tends to make people apathetic as work relations go. During my research I found a list that states technology improves communication as an advantage, but affects workplace relationships (Ramey, 2013). 1. Improves communication: Many businesses are using various business communication technologies to change the way their employees interact and communicate while at work. Employees can use various communication tools to interact or exchange information at work (Ramey, 2013). 9. Affects Workplace Relationships: Interpersonal communications are important in building workplace relationships because employees...
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...Impact of Globalization on Selected Non-Western Cultures Globalization is defined as the “worldwide interconnectedness, evidenced in global movements of natural resources, human labor, finance capital, information, infectious diseases, and trade goods” (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, & McBride, 2008, p. 19). Globalization has or is occurring across the world but it has especially effected the non-Western cultures in dramatic and significant ways. Two Examples of Globalization South Korea The Korean War ended in 1953 and from that time until 1963 the southern Korean peninsula, or South Korea, changed very little. The country was lacking in industry and basic infrastructure due to the ravages of the war (Lee & Kim, 2010). The per capita income in 1960 was $35.85 / month (in US dollar equivalent), making South Koreans poorer at the time than people in Bolivia (Kim, 1997, p. 206; Noland, 2014). Today, South Korea is an economically thriving society with advanced technology companies like Samsung, Hyundai and LG. The per capita income in 2012 was $2903 / month (in US dollar equivalent), this puts South Korea 10th highest in the world and above Germany, France and Japan (BBC News, 2012). Modern infrastructure is abundant with South Korea named the world’s “most-wired country” ("The big winner of the year / South Korea", 2012, p. 32) with high speed internet available for free, even on the subway. Tunisia Tunisia is a relatively small North African nation that has...
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...Chapter 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? MULTIPLE CHOICE Importance of Interpersonal Skills 1. Over the past two decades, business schools have added required courses on people skills to many of their curricula. Why have they done this? a. Managers no longer need technical skills in subjects such as economics and accounting to succeed. b. There is an increased emphasis in controlling employee behavior in the workplace. c. Managers need to understand human behavior if they are to be effective. d. These skills enable managers to effectively lead human resources departments. e. A manager with good people skills can help create a pleasant workplace. (c; Moderate; Interpersonal Skills; p. 4) {AACSB: Analytic Skills} 2. Which of the following is most likely to be a belief held by a successful manager? a. Technical knowledge is all that is needed for success. b. It is not essential to have sound interpersonal skills. c. Technical skills are necessary, but insufficient alone for success. d. Effectiveness is not impacted by human behavior. e. Technical skills do not influence efficiency. (c; Easy; Interpersonal Skills; p. 5) {AACSB: Analytic Skills} What Managers Do 3. Which of the following would not be considered an organization? a. a church b. a university c. a military unit d. all adults in a given community e. an elementary school (d; Moderate;...
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...Essentials of Organizational Behavior, 12e (Robbins/Judge) Chapter 1 What is Organizational Behavior? 1) Until the late 1980s, business school curricula emphasized the ________ aspects of management. A) ethical B) people C) technical D) human E) global Answer: C Explanation: C) Until the late 1980s, business school curricula emphasized the technical aspects of management, focusing on economics, accounting, finance, and quantitative techniques. Course work in human behavior and people skills received relatively less attention. Over the past three decades, however, business faculty have come to realize the role that understanding human behavior plays in determining a manager's effectiveness, and required courses on people skills have been added to many curricula. Diff: 1 Objective: Management and Leadership Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional LO: 1 2) Which of the following is not a reason why business schools have begun to include classes on organizational behavior? A) to increase manager effectiveness in organizations B) to help organizations attract top quality employees C) to expand organizations' consulting needs D) to improve retention of quality workers E) to help increase organizations' profits Answer: C Explanation: C) Understanding human behavior plays an important role in determining a manager's effectiveness. Developing managers' interpersonal skills helps organizations attract and keep high-performing employees. Positive social relationships...
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...provider of coffee to the U.S. coffee chain. Coffee farmers need to account for the changes brought on by the ever changing global market. Globalization has had a profound effect on the coffee industry both directly and indirectly. One of the main effects of globalization on the coffee market has been the impact on prices since the 1970’s. The price of coffee peaked around the late 1960’s at $3.00 per pound. Due to increased globalization, prices have dropped because of an increase in production not only in South America but worldwide. Even though there has been an increase in demand, it has been met with overproduction, which has driven down prices. Another result is that farmers have formed cooperatives and begun to farm the abandoned land for themselves. These cooperatives are struggling against the massive production of Brazil and Vietnam, and are having trouble selling their beans. The impact trickles down even further, the children of the farmers are being pulled out of school so that they can work in the fields with their parents. This is necessary to make ends meet. Even those with their own fields cannot make a living off of the price that the Guatemalan growers are getting from the middlemen. This is another problem; middlemen are taking part of the profit from the growers. Reference: Crapo, R. H. (2013). Cultural anthropology. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint...
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