...Impact of Globalization on the Health Sector in South Africa After the Apartheid era, massive inequalities in income, health status, access to health care and other social services continued to dominate in South Africa. The Apartheid era was a system of racial segregation that was implemented in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. Due to colonization, whites had ruled South Africa for several centuries, which resulted in the creation of a system that was constructed to serve as a legal framework for continued economic and political dominance by people of European descent (WHO 2003: Antiretroviral Therapy). The apartheid era came to an end as a consequence of both inner and global pressure and South Africa’s new democratic government. The new government claims that improving the access to health care is a main priority noting, “emphasis should be placed on reaching … the most vulnerable” (Department of Health 1997:13). Giving access to health care is becoming an even greater challenge. South Africa was, and is still facing an exploding HIV/AIDS epidemic that, if anything, is highly associated with health care demands. Today, there are more than 5.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa, this accounts for more than 21.5% of the entire population (CIA World Fact book: 2006). This paper aims to understand how the health care sector has dealt with the challenges faced in dealing with immense inequalities and a growing epidemic in the context of globalization. Furthermore...
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...Canadian public administration in a capitalist world has changed dramatically from its beginnings many years ago. The expectations of public management and public managers in the new millennium are more diverse than ever before. Important issues such as regulatory reform, public sector budgeting, human resources management, strategic policymaking, ethics and corruption are taking a front line. The concepts of rational administration, accountability, planning, control, budgeting and financial management are major factors in the future of Canada and some believe privatization of the government’s delivery of services will improve these crucial aspects of government. Some public service organizations have already attempted to make privatization the major method of handling certain tasks such as building maintenance, methods of transportation and administrative work. A well managed public sector will ensure Canada functions at peak efficiency and this is the goal of the public service. This paper will discuss what may happen in public management within Canada in the future and why a global capitalist society is largely the basis for the transition we are seeing today. Globalization is a factor in the new millennium that must be included in almost any discussion concerning the future. At the click of a finger, a businessman making financial transactions in Toronto can transfer dollars to any country where he is doing business. Globalization has allowed for cheaper and faster transfers...
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...GLOBAL INTEGRATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Globalization is the process by which different societies, cultures, and regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political ideas through transportation, communication, and trade. Generally, globalization has affected many nations in various ways; economically, politically, and socially. It is a term that refers to the fast integration and interdependence of various nations, which shapes the world affairs on a global level. Globalization has affected the products people consume, the environment, culture, security, and idea exchange between different countries. There are many factors that lead to the speedy globalization trends. This acceleration in globalization can be attributed to an increase in free-trade activities, emerging technologies, or the worldwide acceptance of markets. Globalization has affected cultures and economies on matters dealing with environmental destruction and availability of the already limited resources. Globalization has had diverse implications for environmental issues such as, pollution, deforestation, water resources climate change, and biodiversity loss. The rampant environmental problems have become the subject of international efforts because the effects are felt globally. The negative impacts of globalization focus on the destruction on the environment that is export-oriented. On the other hand, the positive impacts are the multinational companies research into technology...
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...Running head: GLOBALIZATION AND DIVERSITY IMPACT ON HEALTHCARE Globalization and Diversity Impact on Healthcare Organizations LaWanda D. Williams Kaplan University Health-care is one of the fastest-growing sectors in the world, and international trade in health services has created economic and diplomatic opportunities for both medical personnel and countries especially those that are low- or middle-income. The Infectious Disease Threat and Implications for the United States, health threats and issues have continued to have significant impacts on the world stage. Highly publicized virulent infectious diseases---- including HIV/AIDS, a potential influenza pandemic, and “mystery” illnesses such as the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) –remain the most direct health-related threats to the United States, but are not the only health indicators with strategic significance. Chronic, non-communicable diseases; neglected tropical diseases; maternal and child mortality; malnutrition; sanitation and access to clean water; and availability of basic healthcare also affect the US national interest through their impacts on the economies, governments, and militaries of key countries and regions. The greatest infectious disease challenge for the US since the beginning of the decade has been the potential emergence of a severe influenza pandemic. Although the H5N1 avian influenza virus remains primarily a threat to poultry, it and other such viruses continue to evolve...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON INFORMAL SECTOR Submitted By: Ameen Gupta- 2009tt10774 Parvej- 2009tt10813 Siddarth Sachdeva- 2009ph10746 INTRODUCTION Globalization comes up with the process of more interconnection between various entities like nations, organizations, individuals, etc. This interaction creates the migration of human resources, technology transfer, capital flow, etc. Thereby, this process of globalization results in the increase in quality, quantity or production and thus makes various organizations profitable. In the race of survival, it enhances the competition level among various players in terms of their brand value set according to the needs of the people. This phenomenon of competition plays a crucial role for these existing service providing players as well as for the end consumer or public at large. For service providing players, it decides the cost benefit analysis and makes it less generally due to the presence of various other players simultaneously. For public, it makes things easily available and at comparatively low prices of varied varieties. The phenomenon of globalization also generates employment. These jobs are largely created in formal sectors. It also results in employment increase in the informal sector. The formal sector is directly visible in a country and is under scrutiny and supervision of the government through various trade and tax laws. This sector provides people the job security, standard working conditions and wage...
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...Through the global interconnectedness among people, globalization has been appeared. Globalization refers the integration of global economies, societies and cultures through the communication, transportation and trade. During this period of this process, one question has been raised whether is globalization bad or good? And according to this question, it is proved that globalization is playing a fundamental role to make progress to many sections including economies, culture and religion, public services and living standard, and technology. In economics, Globalization refers to the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services, flow of international capital and wide and rapid spread of technologies. It shows the market expansion and integration, and it is an unchangeable tendency for international economic development. In economy, globalization is playing a significant role to make advancement to this sector over the world. Globalization has created widely the international economy, integration of markets and the flow or movement in the world, all of which make escalations in global movement. There are many importance of globalization on economy for many years. Improvement in technology has a essential effect in decreasing the costs of transportation, communication and commodity also lowering the price of data processing and information storage. There is a sign of the modern technology like electric...
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...Globalization of Health Care Principles of International Business (BUS301.90) Post University Abstract For leaders in business and those few economic elite members, globalization is virtuous. Low-cost labor overseas facilitates production facilities in locations where labor and healthcare costs are low, and sell the finished goods in nations where wages are high. With the exception of the United States, almost all wealthy nations provide universal health care. These provisions are challenging due to increasing costs, as well as social, political, economic, and cultural environments. Globalization of Health Care Numerous global industries have resulted in offshore operations; the medical industry has become not dissimilar. With modern developments in technology in recent years, outsourcing of medical procedures has become a reality. The internet has vastly expanded the realm of possibilities for the medical industry, and has made it possible to transmit large amounts of information to countries; such as India, where it is then processed and returned. The United States has some of the highest costs for medical care globally; which has led to its’ citizens to search for economic alternatives. Outsourcing medical procedures to medical professionals in nations with lesser pay would undoubtedly benefit consumers; however, the United States holds a higher standard of care than those where treatment standards may not take precedence. This process would then take some...
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...ABSTRACT This paper is intended to provide critical responses to the weaknesses of globalization and corruption in the world that we are currently living based on the mixed economic worldview which is my personal economic worldview which threatens to undermine the stability of economic and political development on both a national and global scale, and which requires both immediate and wide-ranging policy interventions. The recent concern with corruption is attributable, not to any substantive increase in corrupt practices, but rather, to the re-framing of corruption in light of broader shifts and transformations within the global economy. The historical context of globalization covers centuries. This paper reviews the types, forms as well as the consequences of corruption. The paper also reviews the issues associated with globalization and the effect it has on the lives of various individuals. It questions the view that, under certain conditions, corruption may enhance efficiency and argues that though corruption may benefit powerful individuals it will indubitably lead to greater inefficiency and a waste of resources at a macro-economic level. Table of Contents ABSTRACT i INTRODUCTION iii BACKGROUND iv Forms of Corruption vi 1.1 Bribery vi 1.2 Theft and fraud vi 1.3 Embezzlement vi 1.4 Nepotism vi 1.5 Conflict of Interest vi 1.6 Favouritism vii Types of Corruption vii 2.1. Grand corruption vii 2.2 Political corruption vii 2.3 Corporate corruption...
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...• 1. GLOBAL INTEGRATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Globalization is the process by which different societies, cultures, and regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political ideas through transportation, communication, and trade. Generally, globalization has affected many nations in various ways; economically, politically, and socially. It is a term that refers to the fast integration and interdependence of various nations, which shapes the world affairs on a global level. Globalization has affected the products people consume, the environment, culture, security, and idea exchange between different countries. There are many factors that lead to the speedy globalization trends. This acceleration inglobalization can be attributed to an increase in free-trade activities, emergingtechnologies, or the worldwide acceptance of markets. Globalization has affected cultures and economies on matters dealing withenvironmental destruction and availability of the already limited resources.Globalization has had diverse implications for environmental issues such as,pollution, deforestation, water resources climate change, and biodiversity loss. Therampant environmental problems have become the subject of international effortsbecause the effects are felt globally. The negative impacts of globalization focus onthe destruction on the environment that is export-oriented. On the other hand, thepositive impacts are the multinational companies research into technology that iseco-friendly...
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...Critical Social Policy http://csp.sagepub.com/ Capitalist globalization, corporate social responsibility and social policy Leslie Sklair and David Miller Critical Social Policy 2010 30: 472 DOI: 10.1177/0261018310376804 The online version of this article can be found at: http://csp.sagepub.com/content/30/4/472 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Critical Social Policy can be found at: Email Alerts: http://csp.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://csp.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://csp.sagepub.com/content/30/4/472.refs.html >> Version of Record - Nov 1, 2010 What is This? Downloaded from csp.sagepub.com by guest on May 2, 2012 E S L I E S K L A I R L London School of Economics D A V I D M I L L E R University of Strathclyde Capitalist globalization, corporate social responsibility and social policy Abstract This article outlines how the twin crises of capitalist globalization – of class polarization and ecological unsustainability – combine to produce the need for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to attempt to bridge the gap between the rhetoric and reality of corporate conduct. The first section outlines how CSR relates to capitalist globalization and how it is integrated into the activities of the Transnational Capitalist Class (TCC). The role of CSR in...
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...Globalization “The standardization of world culture, with local popular or traditional forms driven out or dumbed down to make way for American television, American music, food, clothes and films, has been seen by many as the very heart of globalization”. This was stated by an American literary critic, Frederick Jamerson. Globalization is the process in which a company or organization expands internationally. Globalization is not new, for thousands of years, people and corporations have been buying and selling to each other in lands at great distances. Likewise, for centuries, people and corporations have invested in enterprises in other countries. This current wave of globalization has been driven by policies that have opened economies domestically and internationally. According to Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy, since the Second World War, and especially during the past two decades, many governments have adopted free-market economic systems, vastly increasing their own productive potential and creating new opportunities for international trade and investment. Governments also have negotiated dramatic reductions in barriers to commerce and have established international agreements to promote trade in goods, services, and investment. Taking advantage of new opportunities in foreign markets, corporations have built foreign factories and established production and marketing arrangements with foreign partners. A defining feature of globalization, therefore, is an international...
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...worldwide cost of medication. Despite attempts from the WTO’s Doha Round to mitigate the negative effects of TRIPS access to pharmaceuticals in LDC’s remains damaged.” Topic Economic globalization’s affect on the health of sub-saharan Africa specifically concerning the TRIPS agreement and it’s effect on access to pharmaceuticals for LDC’s Research Questions I. Which LDC’s have been most effected by TRIPS agreement? II. How has the Doha Round of WTO talks and Amendments to the agreement effected the impact of TRIPS on LDC’s? III. How has TRIPS affected welfare in LDC’s? IV. Have changes in welfare due to TRIPS effected development in the LDC’s? V. How has trade globalization impacted sub-saharan LDC’s access to health care? VI. What individual examples exist of TRIPS positively and negatively impacting sub-saharan welfare? VII. Which countries express the greatest need for generic pharmaceuticals? VIII. What are the real effects on pharmaceutical companies when generic medications are sold IX. How does TRIPS effect R&D in LDC’s? International Studies 100 Hill 1 Brendan Hill | 200245349 November, 14, 2014 Aspects of Globalization This essay will conduct an assessment on both economic globalization and globalization of knowledge. Economic globalization will be examined for the changes in welfare it has brought to LDC’s in sub-saharan African following the the Uruguay round of the WTO. Globalized pharmaceutical trading will also be analyzed regarding international...
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...to globalizing health care According to the text, globalization is referred to as, “various forms of cross-border economic activities” (Shi & Singh 2008, 111). More clearly, globalization is the process of facilitating investment and financial markets to operate on an international level. One benefit of globalizing health care is ability to transmit electronic images, charts, etc., in other parts of the world for interpretation (Shi & Singh, 2008). A challenge faced with that same benefit is that some Americans are choosing to take their medical needs overseas. Medical services cost a fraction of what the U.S. charges, and also offer comparable care (Shi & Singh, 2008). As the required reading states, “Indian specialty hospitals can do quality liver transplants for one-tenth the cost of US hospitals”, further explaining reasoning for shopping for medical services overseas (Shi & Singh 2008, pg. 112). One major challenge taking place in developing countries, which have become more successful due to globalization procedures, is increased usage of electronic equipment/vehicles. The problem begins as the usage leads to an absence of exercise, dietary changes, which in turn will increase chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease (Shi & Singh, 2008).Having access to more information and health promotion, as well as access to gyms, have aided in the efforts to improve the well-being of citizens. Another threat posed during the globalization process is the...
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...Assignment On Globalization and its impact on women rights and empowerment Course Title Development Economics Course Code F-210 Submitted To AlfarunnaharRuma Lecturer Dept. of Economics Submitted By Group- 01 Session: 2010-2011 Finance & Banking JatiyaKabiKaziNazrul Islam University Trishal, Mymensingh Submission Date: 24 January 2013 Members of group one Serial No. | Name | ID Number | 01 | Md.DelowerHossain | 11132601 | 02 | MahimaAkter | 11132602 | 03 | PankazePadaBhoumik | 11132603 | 04 | MahmudulHasan | 11132604 | 05 | SadiqurSattarAkand | 11132605 | Globalization and its impact on women rights and empowerment INTRODUCTION In the 21st century, globalization has become the ‘Zeitgeist’ re-shaping different dimensions in life. Globalization also affects women’s rights and its overall impact on women has become a critical agenda in gender-related studies. In an attempt to empirically investigate this argument, much of the literature focuses on the effects of economic integration on women’s economic activities. These studies look into the impact of globalization on women through an angle of traditional trade theory, comparative advantage and competition, thus analyzing whether economic integration could create more employment opportunities for women and increase their wages. This focus on economic integration and women’s employment raises the question of how certain types of economic reform affect particular forms of women’s rights and welfare. It is not...
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...CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION: HOW BANGLADESH CAN REAP ADAPT ITSELF TO REAP THE BEST BENEFITS IN THE 21ST CENTURY Lt Colonel Sharif Md Abul Hussain Dir Planning and Development, Bangladesh University of Professionals, E-mail: hussain2682@gmail.com ABSTRACT The study investigates specific information regarding the challenges of globalization faced by Bangladesh and how it should prepare itself to coup with the challenges. The result suggest that Bangladesh is not in comfort in coping with the winds of globalization, as it has less access to and use of different opportunities living at the margin in the hierarchies of global order with low technological base, poor infrastructures and governance in most arenas. The study also suggest that Bangladesh needs to be engaged with all its development partners in a healthy and constructive process of interaction on stabilization, reform programme and other critical issues like national capacity building, competitiveness, political stability, cross border terrorism, arms and drug trafficking, climate change and environmental degradation. The policy implication is that various economic policy orientation and utilization of resources should be as such that they can supplement economic growth in a sustainable manner and create avenues for employment. KEY WORDS: Benefit, Environment, Globalization, Governance, Infrastructure, Poverty, Population, Policy, Political stability, Resource 1.0 INTRODUCTION Globalization is a process of expanding trade...
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