...Name Professor Lean Manufacturing 18 November 2012 The Benefits of Implementing Kaizen and Measuring its Success Abstract This paper serves as a literature review of kaizen. Points of interest include its origins, how it is different from innovation, its benefits, and its implementation. Difficulties of implementing kaizen are addressed briefly. Standardization and sustainability may just be the most difficult elements of the kaizen process. However, they are perhaps the most important aspects of kaizen, yet they are sometimes overlooked. This can lead to failed kaizen attempts even as severe as reverting back to the old, supposedly improved upon standards. A particular research program looked at inputs to kaizen events and how they affect the outcome of the events. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing failure and using that feedback to improve the effectiveness of the kaizen event initiative. This research program is also referenced in this paper. Introduction After World War II, the United States felt it could benefit from assisting the Japanese economy. The United States sent those who contributed to American businesses during the war to act as advisors to Japanese businesses, one of whom was Dr. W. Edwards Deming. Deming’s ideas that made the Japanese increasingly competitive came to be known as kaizen (Maurer 9-10). What is Kaizen? Dr. Deming’s ideas that became known as kaizen included reduction of waste, respect for workers, and service to...
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...(http://www.chevening.org/) Samuel Duah Ghana Chevening Scholarships Personal details Title Ms Please write your name as it appears or will appear on your passport Lastname Duah Firstname Samuel Other names Boadu Date of birth 6 July 1989 Country of citizenship Ghana In the majority of cases, to receive a Chevening Award, you must attend a face to face interview at the British Embassy or High Commission in this country. Is your country of residence different from your country of citizenship? No Do you hold Dual Citizenship? No Contact details Primary email address psamdb@ymail.com Additional email address psamdb@gmail.com Phone number 1 233246184325 Phone number 2 233242143956 Skype ID Please write your current postal address below. You do not need to write your country. First line of address Advent Reformed Institute Second line of address Post Office Box 198 Third line of address Kade- E/R Fourth line of address Your education Undergraduate education The Chevening programme requires applicants to have achieved an undergraduate qualification that is equivalent to at least an upper second-class (2:1) honours degree in the UK at the time they submit their application. Please provide details of your undergraduate degree below. You will have the opportunity to inform us of additional qualifications at a later point. Country of study Ghana University/college Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Date from August 2008 Date to May 2012 Degree type BSc Degree subject...
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...Bristol Bay, Alaska "Salmon or Gold" Can you imagine living in a geographical area in which traditions, language, rituals, and economic sustainability hasn't changed in over 1,000 years? A place inhabited by indigenous people that have lived in harmony with nature only taking what is needed to sustain their lifestyles and having the innate wisdom to keep this resource in balance to ensure continued prosperity? Did you realize that there are still people living in areas here on earth that live without the modern day conveniences such as fast food, malls, and outlet stores? People that rely on bartering and exporting their resource to trade for clothes, shoes, and other items to sustain their way of living and to ensure that their traditions and way of life will continue for generations to follow? As the world becomes smaller, even people that have remained unchanged for thousands of years are being forced to deal with changes that will alter their future and their traditions because of living near valuable resources that are in high demand in our modern day world. And, like so many indigenous people from history, they are desperately praying, advocating, and becoming very political with their fight so that their way of life can continue without disruption to their ecosystems. Native to the area of Bristol Bay, Alaska for thousands of years, the Yupik people have depended on salmon, along with pike, whitefish, beavers, caribou, moose, berries, and plants. Bristol Bay still...
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...Gold Anonymous. Metal Bulletin Monthly 418 (Oct 2005): 50-51. Abstract (summary) Pure - or 1,000 thousandths - gold is equivalent to 24 carats, but gold is generally used as an alloy because it is such a soft metal. The jewellers' terms "fine gold" and "pure gold" mean 920 and 840 thousandth alloys respectively, the balance being supplied by copper. The addition of copper produces red and pink golds, while deep yellow gold is practically 100% pure and "white gold" is often a gold alloy containing nickel and palladium. Pure - or 1,000 thousandths - gold is equivalent to 24 carats, but gold is generally used as an alloy because it is such a soft metal. The jewellers' terms "fine gold" and "pure gold" mean 920 and 840 thousandth alloys respectively, the balance being supplied by copper. The addition of copper produces red and pink golds, while deep yellow gold is practically 100% pure and "white gold" is often a gold alloy containing nickel and palladium. Full Text Gold is among the oldest metals known to mankind, over whom it has often exerted a compelling force of attraction because of its rarity, lustrous beauty and permanence. A sun-yellow ductile metallic element, gold mostly occurs as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits. It has a high melting point (1,063°C) and is one of the best conductors of heat and electricity, as well as being resistant to corrosion, except from chlorine, fluorine and aqua regia acid. It is one of the densest elements at 19.3 g/cm^sup...
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...Mining was a profitable business during British colonial times. However, although the British did indeed support coal, gold, silver, iron ore and steel mining, they did not look favorably upon mining other metals such as lead. They believed that India's development of metallurgy would lead to production of weapons for the "natives," a potential threat to British rule. The British implemented the Arms Act in 1878 to outlaw Indian ownership of firearms and limited Indians from mining and working metals that might "sustain it in future wars and rebellions." (14) Several mines were actually closed down under British rule. IV.4 Coal Mining Large-scale commercial coal mining in India began in 1774 under the East India Company in the Raniganj Coalfield along the Western bank of the Damodar River. The introduction of steam locomotives in 1853 made possible the effective transportation of coal from the mines to urban centers and ports (15). India's output of coal rose from 2,203 thousand metric tons in 1890 to 30,695 in 1947 (16). Coal mining proliferated during and after World War I; from 1920 to 1930, national coal output increased from 18,250 to 24,185 thousand metric tons (16a). However, coal mining declined during the early 1930s, when the output dropped by more than 4,000 thousand metric tons in just three years. The facts collaborate with other sources that claim Indian industries declined along with Britain's economic stagnation during the 1930s...
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...Country Project 1: Mali Table of Contents……………………………………...……………… pg. 2 Introduction…………………………………………………………………pg.3 Country Specific Drivers Gold export // Mali - Mining ………………………………………....pg. 3-4 Mali – Computers and Electronics ………………………………… pg. 5 Mali – Banking System ……………………………………………...pg. 6 The Energy Sector (oil, coal, etc.)..........................................................pg. 6-7 Manufacturing….................................................................................. pg. 8 Mali - Transportation ………………………..…………….…………. pg. 9 Mali – Best Prospect Overview …………………….……………… pg. 10-11 Bibliography …………………………………………...……………….. pg. 12 Introduction The Republic of Mali is a landlocked country, and is located in Western Africa. It shares its borders with Algeria to the north, Niger to the east, Burkina Faso and the Cote d'Ivoire to the south, Guinea to the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania to the west. Mali covers an area of 478,839 square miles and is the 24th-largest country in the world. It has an estimated population of 14,517,176 (2014) Bamako is the capital of Mali. It is considered the fastest-growing city in Africa and the sixth-fastest growing city in the world. It gets its name from the Bambara language, meaning "crocodile river". With a course that stretches more than 2,600 miles, the Niger River is the principal river in western Africa,...
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...Ratio: N/A | Pan American Silver Corp. is a Canadian company focusing on silver mining in Mexico, Peru, Bolivia and Argentina with corporate office in Vancouver. The company is trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the SYM: PAA and SYM: PAAS on the NASDAQ. Founded in 1994, the company acquired its first operation, the Quiruvilca mine in Peru, in 1995. It has grown into an established and respected mine builder and operator through the acquisition and reengineering of existing mines, or through the development of late-stage exploration assets that they successfully permitted, built and put into ongoing mining operations. In two decades, with constant increase in production and reserve year after year the company has become the world’s second largest primary silver producer. Mines and Claims Pan American Silver owns seven operating mines and six development and exploration projects. All the projects and five of the seven operating mines are under 100% ownership of the company. The operating mines and development projects are all located in Mexico, Peru, Bolivia and Argentina. La Colorada is an underground polymetallic silver mine located in Zacatecas, Mexico, and was acquired by Pan American in 1998. An expansion project was approved in December 2013, which was started in 2014 and is expected to increase the annual mine’s production by approximately 67% by 2018. In 2014, silver production at La Colorada rose to a record 4.98 million ounces, making La Colorada...
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...Copper is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is soft and malleable; a freshly exposed surface has a reddish-orange color. It is found in many different places In the world, but the biggest composite of copper is in Chile second to that is in Utha, with other large mines in Arizona, New Mexico and Michigan. Copper can come from a naturally formed free metallic state found in t basaltic lava as a result of volcanic activity. Or Copper can be found in oxidized ores and sulfide ores that must be mined and processed oxidized ores contain primarily copper, and can basically be melted down into copper in a smelting procress. A process in mining copper is called open pit mining in which a big hole is dug in the earth that are sometimes a few thousands of yards wide. huge machinery are used to mine copper such as giant earth movers, rock crushers even blasting with dinomites is used to move large chucks of earth. luckly we are in not gunna run out of copper any thime soon. An estimated 5.8 trillionpounds of copper known worldwide, of which about .07 trillion pounds have been mined throughout history. And of that .07 trillion is still in circulation because coppers recycling rate is higher than that of any other engineering metal. Silver, what is it and where it found? Native silver is the purest kind of silver. Native silver is a metal with nothing else added to it. Most silver is found in an ore combined with a mineral. it can be found in...
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...moderating long-term interest rates. Pretty much it wants to create a stable economy. 2. Pros and Cons Pros: * Our paper money is a "fiat" currency that can be printed without limit and has no real value – its value is only maintained by the "full faith and credit" of the government. Gold has real value due to its beauty, usefulness, and scarcity. * With a fiat currency the government can essentially manufacture money virtually out of nowhere. Since leaving the gold standard in 1971 US currency in circulation increased from $48.6 billion to over $1 trillion dollars in 2012. Between 1971 and 2003 the entire supply of money in the United States has increased by 1,100%. Under a gold standard, new money could only be printed if a corresponding amount of gold were available to back the currency. * Since leaving the gold standard in 1971, inflation has reduced the value of the dollar, and inflated the price of oil about 32 fold. In 1973, Saudi Arabia agreed to trade oil only in dollars. This created a new international demand for the fiat dollars the Fed was now printing and as more dollars flooded the world, general inflation in oil prices followed. When on a partial gold standard in the 1950s and 1960s the...
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...PURE GOLD TO BE THE LEADING MINING COMPANY To create value for our shareholders, our employees and our business and social partners through safely and responsibly exploring, mining and marketing our products. Our primary focus is gold and we will pursue value creating opportunities in other minerals where we can leverage our existing assets, skills and experience to enhance the delivery of value. Safety is our first value. We place people first and correspondingly put the highest priority on safe and healthy practices and systems of work. We are responsible for seeking out new and innovative ways to ensure that our workplaces are free of occupational injury and illness. We live each day for each other and use our collective commitment, talents, resources and systems to deliver on our most important commitment ... to care. We are accountable for our actions and undertake to deliver on our commitments. We are focused on delivering results and we do what we say we will do. We accept responsibility and hold ourselves accountable for our work, our behaviour, our ethics and our actions. We aim to deliver high performance outcomes and undertake to deliver on our commitments to our colleagues, business and social partners, and our investors. We treat each other with dignity and respect. We believe that individuals who are treated with respect and who are entrusted to take responsibility respond by giving their best. We seek to preserve people's dignity, their sense...
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...Gold Mining with Cyanide REPORT ON I-147 Repeal of the Ban on Cyanide Heap Leaching in Gold Mining WHAT IS CYANIDE AND WHAT DOES IT DO IN THE ENVIRONMENT Cyanide is a general term, referring to various specific cyanide compounds. Cyanide (CN) itself is a simple, organic anion (negatively charged ion) consisting of carbon and nitrogen. Despite often-heard references to “pure cyanide,” it actually exists only as an anion, so is only a component of other compounds. Even though cyanide is a poison, trace amounts of cyanide compounds occur naturally in our bodies and in many foods. Even over a lifetime of exposure, trace amounts pose no threat to human health. Cyanide does not build up in the body. The liver removes it. As one might expect, cyanide compounds are used in certain herbicides. But some common drugs—including the pain reliever ibuprofen and the anti-inflammatory agent naproxen—also contain cyanide compounds, or are derived directly from them. Today, U.S. chemical manufacturing industries consume more than 10 times the amount of cyanide compounds than are used in domestic gold mining to manufacture products like nylon and other polyamides, acrylics and certain plastics. Cyanide compounds are also used to harden steel and to electroplate copper and precious metals. Cyanide heap leach solutions are very alkaline because at a ph of 8 or below CN vaporizes into the air. In the air, the poison is quickly dispersed and would only be dangerous in a very small area close to the...
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...Crisis impact Central Banks in terms of gold purchasers? Introduction What had started in the US transmitted itself around the globe causing major uncertainly and panic, the Financial Crisis, which began in mid-2007, was the first major recession of its kind since the Great Depression of the 1930’s. Most of the developed and developing economies of the world felt the full force of it, causing major declines in financial assets, both traditional ones such as equities and newly-developed ones such as mortgage-backed securities. For two decades prior to the Global Financial Crisis, central banks around the world were net sellers of gold, however, since then, the central banks have begun to buy gold. In a video entitled Gold and silver game changer, Michael Maloney uses the 2008 and 2009 CPM Gold yearbooks to illustrate the “the biggest shift in the bull market since the 70’s”, where in 2009, central banks were expected to sell some 4 million ounces of gold; instead, when the 2009 real numbers came in, they had purchased 15 million ounces. This shift in purchasers has come about due to the distrust central banks place on the US dollar, the major currency in the world and the metal’s ability to act as a ‘safe haven’ in times of economic volatility. Golds distinctive properties and its distinction to fiat currencies make it an attractive investment for anyone’s reserve portfolio, especially during times of economic downturn. Table 1 CPM 2010 Gold yearbook Sources of data All of...
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...American Barrick Resources Corporation Managing Gold Price Risk Gold Demand Supply 1. Jewelry (80%) 1. Expanding Production 2. Commercial and Soviet Union Industrial use South Africa 3. Back-up for currencies North America Australia 2. Central Banks Liquidation Factors that may increase gold price: 1. Large government deficits 2. Financial and economic crisis 3. Wars and doomsday scenarios 4. Increase in gold jewelry demand ? 5. Commercial and Industrial demand ? Factors that may decrease gold price: 1. Financial and economic stability 2. Trends towards democracy and free markets 3. Effective use of monetary policy by central banks 4. Liquidation by central banks Long-term trend? Should Gold Producers Hedge Gold Price Risk? Pros Cons 1. Protect downside 1. Sacrifice Upside 2. Share price premium? 2. Unsystematic risk? 3. Specialize in gold production 3.Share price penalty? not gold risk taking 4. High operating leverage and high sunk costs 5. Limited ability to adjust production 6. Lock-in the low total costs (see exhibit 3) Managing Gold Price Risk – The Evolution 1. Gold Financing Barrick-Cullaton Gold Trust Bullion loans (denominated in gold – e.g., to finance Goldstrike mine) Gold-indexed Eurobond offerings The main disadvantage Conservative financial...
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...PESTEL Brazil Why Brazil? * Brazil is politically stabile and has democratic rules achieved under the presidencies of Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. * Brazil has a diversified and growing economy that plays a significant role in the global economy. Brazil is the largest economic power in Latin America and the world’s 10thlargest economy. * The country is open to and encourages foreign investment by implementing investor-friendly policies. The country is one of the world’s leading destinations for foreign direct investment. * Brazil is the fourth biggest producer of gold in the world. It has abundant reserves of natural resources and many regions are still unexplored which make the country an attractive location for mine development. * Brazil has an established Civil Law system and a modern mining legislation. * The country is a green energy leader, renewable energy supplying nearly 45% of the country’s energy needs. * Expanding into Brazil will allow Newmont to reinforce its presence in South America where its competitors are already well established. PESTEL Analysis Political Type: Federative republic (with 26 states and a federal district) Independence: September 7, 1822. Constitution: Promulgated October 5, 1988. Branches: Executive–president (chief of state and head of government popularly elected to no more than two 4-year terms). Legislative–Senate (81 members popularly elected...
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...ANALYSIS OF COMMODITY MARKET (GOLD & SILVER) Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for Post Graduate Diploma in Management (PGDM) By SNEHA GUPTA ERA BUISSNESS SCHOOL Dwarka sector-9 July 2013 Acknowledgement I owe many thanks to all those people who helped and supported me during the process & completion of this project. I would thank my Institution for giving me an opportunity to undertake this project. My deepest thank to Mr. Vinay Pratap Singh (Sr. Manager online), Mr. B.Sanjeev Kumar my industry mentor, for guiding me throughout the project completion process with attention and care. He displayed all the patience required to go through the project and make necessary correction as and when needed. My Summer Training at “SMC Global Securities Ltd.” is an ardent, unforgettable and fruitful experience. I’m overwhelmed with the friendly & co-operative attitude, and the enlightened advice and information extended to me by everyone. I thank Prof. Hemant Indurkar – my faculty mentor for supporting and monitoring my work since the beginning of the project. I am grateful to all the fellow employees of “SMC Global Securities Ltd” for their help, support and amiability throughout the internship. Finally, yet importantly, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my beloved parents for their blessings, my friends for their help and wishes for the successful completion of this project. Mukesh Kumar Mishra ...
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