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แนวคิดสังคมนิยม
 การจาแนกแนวคิดสังคมนิยมในสมัยศตวรรษที่ 18 ความหมายของคาว่า สังคมนิยม (Socialism) มีต่างๆ กันดังนี้ คือ  มอริสสัน (Morrison) “สังคมนิยมให้ความสาคัญต่อการมุ่งให้ความสนใจใน เรื่องการให้สิ่งจูงใจต่อสาธารณะชน ที่ดินและการเก็บเกี่ยวผลผลิตจะไม่มุ่งเพื่อ กาไรของเอกชน”  เบอร์ดรัน (Bertrand Russel) เป็นการสนับสนุนให้มีการค้าที่ดน และทุน ิ เป็นของตัวเองได้

History of Economics Thought

Chapter Six : Socialism

1

รูปแบบของสังคมนิยม
 แบ่งตามวิธีการ
แบ่งตามแนวคิด

History of Economics Thought

Chapter Six : Socialism

2

รูปแบบของสังคมนิยม (ต่อ)
 แบ่งตามวิธีการ ดูจากวิธีการที่ทาให้เกิดสังคมนิยม แบ่งเป็น
 สังคมนิยมแบบประชาธิปไตย ประชาชนมีเสรีภาพในการผลิต เพื่อเข้าสู่สังคมนิยม  สังคมนิยมแบบบังคับหรือคอมมิวนิสต์ รัฐดาเนินการทุกอย่าง การเปลี่ยนแปลงทางเศรษฐกิจใช้วิธี รุนแรง
History of Economics Thought Chapter Six : Socialism 3

รูปแบบของสังคมนิยม (ต่อ)
 แบ่งตามแนวคิด แนวคิดแบบมาร์กซิสม์ การเปลี่ยนแปลงของสังคมจะเกิดขึ้นโดยมนุษย์กระทาให้เกิดขึ้นโดยการปฏิวัติ แนวคิดแบบนีโอมาร์กซิสม์ การเปลี่ยนสู่สังคมนิยมไปตามกฎเกณฑ์ธรรมชาติ มนุษย์ไม่ต้องปฏิวัติ

History of Economics Thought

Chapter Six : Socialism

4

นักเศรษฐศาสตร์คนสาคัญของสังคมนิยม
    คาร์ล มาร์กซ์ (Karl Marx) ค.ศ. 1818 – 1883 โรเบิร์ต โอเวน (Robert Owen) นายแพทย์วิลเลี่ยม คิง (William King) ชาลส์ ฟูริเออร์ (Charies Fourier)

History of Economics Thought

Chapter Six : Socialism

5

ลักษณะของเศรษฐกิจและสังคมภายหลังการปฏิวัติอุตสาหกรรม
การปฏิวัติอุตสาหกรรม ได้แบ่งออกเป็น 2 ระยะ คือ  ระยะแรกระหว่าง ค.ศ. 1760 – 1860
 ระยะที่ 2 ระหว่าง ค.ศ. 1860 – 1914

History of Economics Thought

Chapter Six : Socialism

6

ระยะแรกระหว่าง ค.ศ. 1760 – 1860
 อังกฤษเป็นผูนำควำมก้ำวหน้ำในอุตสำหกรรมทอผ้ำ และ ้ อุตสำหกรรมหนัก สินค้ำทีผลิตจะส่งไปขำยอำณำนิคม ่  ควำมก้ำวหน้ำของอุตสำหกรรม ขึ้นกับรำคำสินค้ำ  ภำวะเศรษฐกิจตกต่ำ ใน ค.ศ. 1873 ทำให้กำรปฏิวัติอุตสำหกรรม

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