...African-American women on the other hand, earn 64 cents for every dollar, while Latina women earn 55 cents per dollar earned by men. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 (EPA) was created to require that men and women in the same workplace be given equal pay for equal work (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, n.d.). The forms of pay are also covered by this law and include salary, overtime pay, bonuses, stock options, etc. (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, n.d.). Unfortunately, today we still experience the unfair practice of unequal pay. To address this issue, in 2009, President Obama signed the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act. The purpose of this act was to restore the discrimination caused by the ruling in the Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co case (The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009, 2009). The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act gives individuals the power to challenge pay discrimination and forces employers to eliminate any discriminatory pay practices (The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009, 2009). Relevance & Importance The issue of wage gap and discrimination is one that not only affects women globally, but it also affects the economy in the United States. The Center for American Progress published an article explaining the varying reasons why Equal Pay is important in regards to the economy and state of welfare (Six Reasons Why Equal Pay is Still Important, 2009). They list the following that; Lower earnings will make it difficult for women to take care of...
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...1. List the issues involved in the Lilly Ledbetter case. Pay discrimination. Equal pay for equal work. Lilly’s employer short changed her pay, her overtime and her retirement, She was getting 40% less than male co- workers. 2. What laws were responsive (prior law) to the issues involved in the Lilly Ledbetter case? In 1963, John F. Kennedy signed into law pay equity, equal pay for equal work for women and minorities and previous law of Title VII in 1964. 3. How was the Lilly Ledbetter case resolved? Ledbetter lost her gender pay discrimination lawsuit gainst Goodyear after the Supreme Court ruled she did not file a complaint on time. The Supreme Court ruled, in a five-to-four decision against Ledbetter stating that she should have filed a complaint within six months of the company’s first decision to pay her less, and took away two years’ of her back pay. 4. What does the Lilly Ledbetter Act say about Fair Pay for the same work. It restored The Equal Pay Act (EPA) which prohibits sex-based wage discrimination between men and women in the same establishment who perform jobs that require substantially equal skill, effort, and responsibility under similar working conditions. 5. What is your reaction to this case, are you surprised that the mindset reflected in the CEO's comments to women professionals reflect old attitudes? It really upset me that women are still treated in this manner. Age old attitudes of women being inferior to men can still be found in many...
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...Imagine a woman over 60 years old who had to carry around huge, bulky tires and performed numerous other tiresome tasks, but still did not get the pay she deserved. In an infamous court case known as the Ledbetter v. Goodyear case, a 77-year-old woman named Lilly Ledbetter sued Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company for paying her below the minimum wage for over 19 years. When Ledbetter first found out about this income discrimination, she was very stunned and said in an interview, “... I thought because Goodyear was a federal contractor they would be following the law. But that turned out not to be the case, and I couldn't find out.” Lilly Ledbetter was in a puzzled state after she found out that the company she worked for paid her below the minimum...
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...Facts: Lilly Ledbetter worked for Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company’s in Gadsden, Alabama for nineteen years. For most years, she worked as an area manager, which was one, held primarily by men. In the beginning, Ledbetter’s salary stayed similar with the men whom performed similar work. Throughout time, her pay was less than the males pay whom held equal or lower seniority area manager positions. During 1997, Ledbetter’s salary was approximately fifteen percent lower than the lowest paid male Area Manager and about forty percent lower than the highest paid male Area Manager. Ledbetter was subjected to end of year evaluations of their performance performed by their supervisors’. The supervisor evaluated the salaried employee’s performance, ranked the performance against that of other salaried employees, and then recommended a salary increase within a range established by Goodyear guidelines. Having a good, evaluation resulted in a pay increase. Ledbetter was ranked between 1992 and 1997 near the bottom of the other Area Managers. She was awarded either a modest raise or no raise each year. In November 1998, Ledbetter filed a Questionnaire under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. A formal charge of discrimination claiming, “She had received a discriminatory low salary as an Area Manager because of her sex.” Issue: Can a plaintiff bring an action under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 claiming illegal pay discrimination...
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...Griggs V. Duke Power On December 14, 1970 in Draper North Carolina thirteen African Americans were represented by Griggs in the first legal law suite of its kind. Duke Powers reserved the good jobs for the white employees. There were extreme differences in wages and jobs. Also, there were standardized tests required to be taken by potential employees or employees who wanted promotions. The courts ruled that the tests did not pertain to applicant’s ability to perform the job. This case was pivotal to the workforce because people started taking the EEO more seriously. It helped with all aspects in HR, this case embraced the disparate impact which knocked down the barriers of equal opportunity employment. It set a foundation of how we should hire people and what is a fair acceptable way of doing recruiting. Harris v forklift system Inc. Teresa Harris was a manger for forklift systems, Inc. She had serval times been harassed by her president, Charles Hardy. She had been insulted on several occasions in front of other employees. After, promising that the harassment would end, Hardy comments got even worse. The courts saw this as fair unlikely grounds for a sexual suit. This plays an important part in HR because sexual harassment is very big issue in the workplace. This case really shows that one person can’t define harassment, it’s different in everyone’s eyes. Taxman V. Piscataway Board of Education The school had to lay off an employee. The board had a choice between...
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...Lilly Ledbetter was a supervisor at Goodyear Tire and Rubber’s plan in Alabama from 1979 until her retirement in 1998. She was an area manager and initially her starting salary was similar to her male counterparts, however as time went the pay discrepancy between Lilly and 15 male managers was obvious. Lilly Ledbetter was paid $3,727 a month were the lowest paid male area manager was earning $4,286 per month and the highest male was paid $5,236 a difference of approximately $1,500. Lilly’s initiated a lawsuit against Goodyear immediately after her retirement. This claim was denied by the Supreme Court because she did not file suit 180 days from her first pay check even though she did not know of the discrepancy at that time. Subsequently, the 111th U.S. Congress passed the “Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act” in 2009 to loosen the timeliness requirements for filling a suit so long as the act of discrimination occurs with 180 days of the filing of the discrimination suit. There had been rumors that pay had been different between men and women but of course there had been a rule that you were not to discuss what you made with anyone that you work with. On one particular day Lilly went in to work and wait to her mail cupboard to find an anonymous note showing four names with a dollar amount next to it. One of the names was herself and...
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...Lilly Ledbetter was a long-time manager of a Goodyear Tire Company in Gadsden, Alabama from 1979 till 1998. Around the time she was going to retire she discovered that she was making much less than her male counterparts, almost 40% less over her 20 years there. She sued Goodyear and won being rewarded $3,514,417 from the jury, but due to laws restricting how much money a jury could reward, the judge reduced the winnings to $360,000. Goodyear appealed the case and brought it to the 11th Circuit of Appeals which ruled in Goodyear’s favor. They believed that Ledbetter missed the 180 day window to appeal for discretionary pay. The case was brought all the way to the Supreme Court in the court case Ledbetter v Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. (2007),...
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...Goodyear Financial Analysis Writing Assignment: Financial Analysis Assume you are a savvy financial analyst researching companies in which to invest. Select a U.S. publically-traded company you think might be a good investment and perform a financial analysis. FIN 534: Financial Management - Quarter (Winter 2013) Professor: March 12, 2013 Goodyear Financial Analysis Company Overview The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company a leading manufacturer of tires is one of the best in the world and one of the most recognizable brand names in the world (Edgar). Goodyear has operations in most regions of the world with 52 manufacturing facilities in 22 countries, including the United States (Edgar). Goodyear regional tire businessesconsists of the following four segments: North American Tire; Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire; Latin American Tire; and Asia Pacific Tire (Edgar). Despite the conditions in 2012 Goodyear has done fairly well in the continued weak industry conditions (Edgar). The economic recovery in the developed markets and the uncertainty surrounding debt and other fiscal policy issues in Europe and the U. S. and along with continued high levels of unemployment, all have contributed to a negative impact on overall economic conditions and customer and consumer confidence. Goodyear tire unit shipments in 2012 only decreased 9.2% compared to 2011, primarily as a result of continued weakness in Europe (Edgar). In addition...
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...research provides company`s Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats on the Global Market whereas other research reports about the market analysis within the Pirelli`s home market. The report on company`s current profile includes a reliable information and research analysis that corresponds the data in ‘The 2014 Pirelli Integrated Report (2014 Annual Report)’ which is announced in the company`s official site. 2. General description of the company Internationalism, technology, talent, speed and culture are part of Pirelli's past, present and future. (2014 Annual Report) Company`s history 1872 there was founded the limited partnership company ‘G. B. Pirelli & C.’ in India rubber manufacturing industry by the engineer Giovanni Battista Pirelli(1848-1932) which initially produced rubber textiles, tubes and belts for machinery. Then it expanded its business with producing undersea cables. In 1922 the company was added to the Italian Stock Exchange. The head office is located in Milan, Italy. Company`s profile Pirelli & C. S.p.A specialized in producing Consumer (for cars and motorbikes) and Industrial (for trucks, buses and farming vehicles) tyres. According to the ‘2014 Annual Report’ company`s productive capital shows following data: * 19 tyre factories in four continents * 72 million Consumer units * 6.3 million Industrial units * 37,561 employees in 160 countries (31 December 2014) It has partnership relations with world’s brand carmakers such...
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...Investment Opportunities in Automotive Sector in RAK -A Sector Study on Automotive Sector in UAE with Regional Perspective Photograph: Ashok Leyland’s Bus Assembly plant in RAKIA Industrial Park in Ras Al Khaimah (UAE) December 2009 Contents Executive Summary Introduction The Changing Nature of Global Manufacturing The Changing Nature of Supply Chain Global Automotive Production & Major Players Automotive Production in the Middle East GCC Automotive Sector GCC Economic Outlook-Macro-economic Indicators GCC Macro-economic Indicators GCC Auto Industry SWOT Outlook for GCC Automotive Sector GCC Competitive edge Vehicle Assembly in GCC GCC Source of imports GCC Highlights-Foreign trade in Automotive sector UAE Automotive Sector UAE Auto Industry SWOT UAE Economic SWOT UAE Business Environment SWOT UAE Automotive Sector trade Automotive Manufacturing in UAE Low cost and Luxury car market in UAE Used Car Market in UAE After- sales Business in UAE Car Rental Market in UAE Rationale for setting up projects in RAK Identified Projects UAE Auto Industry Forecast Scenario Automotive Products & Free Trade Agreements About Ras Al Khaimah About RAK Investment Authority References Annexure I II III IV V-A V-B VI-A VI-B VII VIII IX X World Motor Vehicle Production By Country And Type In 2008 World Ranking of Vehicle Manufacturers In 2008 UAE Imports & Re-exports of Vehicles in value term List of Automobile Component Manufacturers in GCC UAE Trade figures on components 2006-1008 In...
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...available. Our work in this project is, therefore, a humble attempt toward this end. In spite of our best efforts there may be errors of omissions and commissions, which may please be excused. Acknowledgement There is always a sense of gratitude, which one express to others for the helpful and needy services they render during all phase of life. I too would like to express my gratitude towards all those who have been helpful in getting this mighty task of project report writing. I would like to express my sincere thanks to my faculty guide Prof. Nikunj Patel and Prof. Ritesh Patel for providing inspiration and encouragement. We are also very thankful to the other teaching & non-teaching staff of the institute for extended their help; co-operation and support which have greatly ease our work and made our report unproblematic. At Last but not least we would like to thank all those who helped directly or indirectly for preparation of this financial report, their efforts have not gone unnoticed. Thanks for being there. Jitesh Agrawal Sunny Teelani EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report containing in three parts: - Economic Analysis, Industry Analysis & Company Analysis. We...
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...www.it-ebooks.info www.it-ebooks.info E L E V E N T H E D I T I O N MARKETING MISTAKES AND SUCCESSES 3 0 T H A N N I V E R S A RY Robert F. Hartley Cleveland State University JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. www.it-ebooks.info VICE PRESIDENT & PUBLISHER EXECUTIVE EDITOR ASSISTANT EDITOR PRODUCTION MANAGER PRODUCTION ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE MARKETING MANAGER ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER MARKETING ASSISTANT DESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR George Hoffman Lise Johnson Carissa Doshi Dorothy Sinclair Matt Winslow Amy Scholz Carly DeCandia Alana Filipovich Jeof Vita Arthur Medina Allison Morris This book was set in 10/12 New Caledonia by Aptara®, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Westford. The cover was printed by Courier/Westford. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2009, 2006, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1995, 1992, 1989, 1986, 1981, 1976 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should...
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...ROBERT F. HARTLEY • Cindy Claycomb 12th Edition T W E L F T H E D I T I O N MARKETING MISTAKES AND SUCCESSES Robert F. Hartley Late of Cleveland State University Cindy Claycomb Wichita State University VICE PRESIDENT & EXECUTIVE PUBLISHER SENIOR EDITOR PROJECT EDITOR EDITORIAL ASSISTANT ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF MARKETING MARKETING MANAGER MARKETING ASSISTANT DESIGN DIRECTOR PRODUCT DESIGNER SENIOR PRODUCTION MANAGER ASSOCIATE PRODUCTION MANAGER PRODUCTION EDITOR COVER DESIGNER George Hoffman Franny Kelly Brian Baker Jacqueline Hughes Amy Scholz Kelly Simmons Marissa Carroll Harry Nolan Allison Morris Janis Soo Joel Balbin Eugenia Lee Kenji Ngieng This book was set in 10/12 New Caledonia by Aptara®, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Westford. The cover was printed by Courier/Westford. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Founded in 1807, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has been a valued source of knowledge and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations. Our company is built on a foundation of principles that include responsibility to the communities we serve and where we live and work. In 2008, we launched a Corporate Citizenship Initiative, a global effort to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges we face in our business. Among the issues we are addressing are carbon impact, paper specifications and procurement, ethical...
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...ESSENTIALS OF MARKETING THIRD EDITION JIM BLYTHE Essentials of Marketing ii Marketing Planning: principles in practice We work with leading authors to develop the strongest educational materials in marketing, bringing cutting-edge thinking and best learning practice to a global market. Under a range of well-known imprints, including Financial Times Prentice Hall, we craft high quality print and electronic publications which help readers to understand and apply their content, whether studying or at work. To find out more about the complete range of our publishing please visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk Last A Head on Spread 000 Jim Blythe University of Glamorgan Essentials of Marketing Third Edition Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published under the Financial Times Pitman Publishing imprint 1998 Second edition 2001 Third edition 2005 © Financial Times Professional Limited 1998 © Pearson Education Limited 2001, 2005 The right of Jim Blythe to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior written...
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...Marketing Management, Millenium Edition Philip Kotler Custom Edition for University of Phoenix Excerpts taken from: A Framework for Marketing Management, by Philip Kotler Copyright © 2001by Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Marketing Management Millenium Edition, Tenth Edition, by Philip Kotler Copyright © 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. Compilation Copyright © 2002 by Pearson Custom Publishing. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein that first appeared elsewhere. Permission to reprint these has been obtained by Pearson Custom Publishing for this edition only. Further reproduction by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, must be arranged with the individual copyright holders noted. This special edition published in cooperation with Pearson Custom Publishing Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Please visit our web site at www.pearsoncustom.com ISBN 0–536–63099-2 BA 993095 PEARSON CUSTOM PUBLISHING 75 Arlington Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA 02116 A Pearson Education Company SECTION ONE Understanding Marketing Management Marketing in...
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