...Government in American Education Hollie White GCU: EDU 310 Exploring Education as a Profession May 8, 2012 Government in American Education The federal government and the state government have very different roles when it comes to education. The federal government’s involvement in elementary and secondary education is primarily on an as needed basis for when there is a crisis. The Federal government provides funding for education but the state government is responsible for determining where the funds are allocated. Education is primarily a state and local government responsibility. It is the state and their communities that establish schools, develop the curriculum, and determine requirements for enrollment and graduation. The Supreme Court however, when required to, has made some rulings that have greatly impacted education and how the schools in America are run. In 1954 the rights of students was discussed in Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. The actual finding was “Racial discrimination in public education is unconstitutional, and all provisions of federal, state or local law requiring or permitting such discrimination must yield to this principal.” (2010). After the ruling all public schools in the United States were forced to begin the process of desegregation. This decision was not accepted by everyone and had to be enforced to take effect in some cases. In 1957, Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus used the National Guard to block nine black students from...
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...Government Roles and Finances in Education [ 1 ] Running Header: GOVERNMENT ROLES AND FINANCES IN EDUCATION Government Roles and Finances in Education Alisha Ware – Roberson Grand Canyon University Education Foundation and Framework 11-25-2010 | Roles in Public Elementary and Secondary Education | Local | * Uses property tax revenues as a significant funding source * Provided governing body for the operation of a school district is the school board. * Set up and uses Parent-Teacher Organizations to amplify family participation * Responsible for involving students with disabilities in education by providing transportation, occupational or speech therapy, and counseling * Are responsible for the hiring of teachers, administers and other staff members * Sets salaries for district employees * Provides in-service training for employees * Adopt policies and regulations for the operation of schools. * Allocates budgets to different schools/programs * Oversees building construction/maintenance | State | * Have been required to develop and expand existing student assessment systems * Provide technical assistance to schools in need of improvement * Responsible for making rules regarding students with disabilities * Establish guidelines for curriculum * Administers Federal Education Policy * Charter/license schools * Set number of school days * Create school health/safety laws * License/certify teachers * Grant subsidy...
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...Running Head: The Evolving Role of Government The Evolving Role of Government in Education Jennifer L Thompson Grand Canyon University: EDU-310 April 28, 2012 The Evolving Role of Government in Education Education in our public schools is very different than it was when the first schools were started. This is in part due to the changes in society, but also due to the changes in government control of our schools. Our founding fathers believed in the importance of education and many were involved with the creation of public education in America. Today, education is still a priority to most people in America. The fact that it is such a priority has brought about changes in the role of our government in the education system. Although education was a priority to our founding fathers, it was not mentioned in the original constitution. It is not mentioned in the initial Bill of Rights, either. However, the 10th Amendment states that the powers not delegated to the federal government “are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people.” (Edmund Sass, 2012) This meant that the responsibility for public schools belonged to the individual states and not to the federal government. This allowed the individual states to set up their school systems in the manner that worked best for them. The schools ran in this manner for many years. Of course, with the different belief systems of the people in the different states, there was...
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...The Evolving Role of Government in Education In society today, education is mainly funded by the government and almost govern by the government’s body or by a non-profit institution. The federal government has little to do with the operating of public school. Although when they intervene, a great change is made for the best in education. The government makes sure that a free education is provided for all children even if there may be a disability problem. The Federal Government role is not to get too involved with the public education, but it does assist public schools through a list of legislative actions. According to (Moore 2001), the first interaction of IDEA, the Education of All Handicapped Children Act, passed more than 35 years ago, had several positive elements. Regardless of the level of disability, a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) is available for all children. In order to meet the needs of students with disabilities, an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) was established. Some students have different levels of disabilities that may require the 504 Plan. Students who qualify for this plan may not be listed as a special education student. Never the less they still may have some other type of disability they have trouble doing without some assistance. The 504 Plan should be developed by a committee that consists on the student, parent, teacher, counselor, and the 504 coordinator. In 2002, Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)...
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...Evolving Role of Government in Education The Evolving Role of Government in Education Kenneth Davis Grand Canyon University: EDU310 June 5, 2011 The Evolving Role of Government in Education The United States governments play an ever evolving role in education. They are responsible for many of the exceedingly particular rules and regulations that drive schools and districts to change. All of these legislative rulings are supposedly made to help America’s youth, but some of them are more idealism than realistic. This essay will describe some of the many cases and laws that have evolved or have had an impact on U.S. education. The United States educational system began on the laws and moral of the religion. In colonial times schools and religion went hand in hand. All of this country’s first schools and educational systems were the product of some particular religious sect. The first schools were used to educate the colonist children but the religious tensions and sectarian rivalries among early colonists had also used schooling to advance their ideals. Particularly the Universities such as Harvard founded in 1636, and Yale founded in 1707 were founded as seminaries to train future clergymen. Although this type of thought about how schools should be run still is around today, there has been much government involvement to change that stat quo. In cases such as Everson v. Board of Education, and Illinoisex rel. McCollum v. Board of Education the court...
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...The Evolving Role of Government in Education Lisa M. Turner EDU 310 Leah Barley July 17, 2011 The Evolving Role of Government in Education State and federal governments were not always a part of the education system in the United States. The United States Constitution did not consider schooling and education. When a new nation was founded, the authority of school functions and operations were delegated to local school districts. Over the years many changes have been made in regards to the authority of schools. State and federal governments are more involved now than they were years ago. States began assuming more responsibility for schools and education after World War II (Guthrie, 2002). This essay will discuss and describe how the evolving role of state and federal government in U.S. education, different cases and laws that have evolved or had an impact on education, and an analysis of the church/state debate in public education. There were originally two models for local school districts: the New England model and the Southern model. The New England model enacted the Old Deluder Satan Act in 1647, which established township school districts. Schools were local or municipal, school boards consisted of laypersons, and the school boards were viewed as a “special” government and their authority was limited to education. The Southern model established parishes, and these states had a heavy reliance on county government. During the early 20th century...
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...s Outline some of the policies introduced by the governments to create an education market in the UK Educational policies are strategies for education introduced by the government, the state have become increasingly involved in education and its policies now have a major impact on pupils’ opportunities and achievements. Firstly in 1944 the government introduced the Tripartite system (also known as the butler act) this policy stated that children aged 11 and above would be selected and allocated to three types of secondary school based on their aptitudes and abilities. These were identified by the 11+ exam, which was taken by every child at the age 11. The three schools were; grammar school who offered non-manual jobs and higher education. They were for pupils with academic ability who passed the 11 plus. Another school is the secondary modern schools, who offered a non-academic “practical” curriculum and access to manual work for pupils who failed the 11+. The third type of school was the technical school, existed in a few areas only. Another policy is The Education Reform Act, introduced in 1988 by the conservative government, established the principle of marketization in education favoured by the new right. This policy aimed to marketise education through increasing increase independence, competition and parental choice. Marketisation means that schools are run more like businesses, that have to attract customer (parents) by competing with each other in the market. ...
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...Claim: In any field—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. Reason: The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based. With the emphasis on the importance of revitalization to an enterprise in any field, the statement claim that changing leadership every five years will help an enterprise to achieve success. Well, revitalization is indeed essential to a successful enterprise; but the success of an enterprise is determined not only by revitalization, perseverance and consistency are also important. Besides, to make revitalization, new leadership sometimes is not a good resort; willingness to accept new ideas is the key. From these perspectives, simply changing leadership every five years is not a good way to ensure success of an enterprise. To any field, revitalization is crucial to an enterprise’s continuous booming. Through revitalization, we break former restrains on our mind and try different approaches to reach our goals. Good ideas and significant discoveries are always reaped in these new attempts. Before Columbus’ time, the only sea route from Europe to Asia was the one that bypass Africa. But Columbus dared to try a totally different way. As a result, he inadvertently discovered a new continent full of promising opportunities. We see here...
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...How can the government encourage participation in sports and physical education among the elderly and handicapped? A handicapped person is one who has some condition that markedly restricts their ability to function physically or mentally or socially while an elderly person may be defined as someone who is old or past the middle age. In today’s society both of these persons are considered disabled. These are people who have had little or no experience of physical activity or exercise and they firstly need to develop their motor skills through adapted physical activity programmes. However, appropriate opportunities for these people must be developed especially in physical education and sports. In addition there are some barriers that greatly contribute to low levels of their participation in physical activity and sports this includes poor provision of physical education (PE) in the community , negative experiences from society, low expectations from teachers, families and peers, lack of knowledge of what is available, lack of information and expertise, poor community facilities and lack of access to facilities and programmes, transportation difficulties, lack of coverage of a wide range of sports in the media, lack of experience of the benefits of physical activity, untrained staff and lack of accessible facilities, lack of companions who can facilitate/assist people with disabilities to access facilities and programmes when required, inadequate sponsorship and coaching and...
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...One policy introduced by the government was the 1988 Education reform act which had many features. One of the features was that it introduced national compulsory testing for ages 7, 11 and 14 which are also known as SATs. The results from these tests would be published in league tables so that it could enable parents to compare the results of different schools in their local area. Because of this parents could then choose the “best” school in terms of results which would create competition between schools for pupils. Another feature of the act was the introduction of OFSTED which involved rigorous school inspections every 6 years. The inspectors would examine the quality of teaching and facilities at the school and then grade the school on a scale of poor to excellent. Some sociologists would argue that OFSTED created naming and shaming of schools and often this impacted the type of pupils that would attend the school. For example middle class parents would find out that a school near them had satisfactory from OFSTED so would only send their child to a school which had excellent. This then resulted in the “excellent” schools having the middle class children that were more likely to have better grades which resulted in better funding for the school. On the other hand working class children would be left with the satisfactory schools and not improve as these schools receive less funding and notice. Other policies include the introduction of academy schools which are schools that...
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...Issue 1 As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. ANSWER With the development of science and technology made through out the human history, especially the past one hundred years or so, people these days are spending more time relying on technology to solve various types of problems. Does the ability of humans to think for themselves really deteriorate as they rely more and more on technology? Admittedly, the improvement of technology and its concomitant contribution to a more convenient daily life does to certain extent obviate the necessity of many traditional tasks, subtly affecting the humans’ ability of thinking. Nevertheless, as a whole effect in general, technology progress improves working efficiency and labor safety, and frees humans from low-level repeated physical work to high-level decision-making intellectual work. In addition, technology proposes brand-new problems as well which challenges the humans’ thinking ability to an even unexpected extent. It is true that in many situations, the requirement for thinking seems less demanding than before due to...
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...Is new leadership going to revitalize an organization, thus bringing success to it? Leadership to an organization is rudder to a ship, without too much emphasizing on the importance of leadership, I agree that those in power need to step down for better leadership when necessary. If leaders are making big mistakes, they need to step down anytime necessary. But if current leaders are leading their organizations to make significant progress, they need to stay in power for the sake of their organizations’ continuous progress. New leaders can bring new ideas, innovation and other important resources to their organizations, which are important for the success of organizations. By the 1980s, Haier Group had debt of over CNY ¥1.4 million and suffered from dilapidated infrastructure, poor management, and lack of quality control. The company was on the verge of bankruptcy. Zhangruimin, the saver of Haier Group, introduced the sense of quality to its members by smashing 76 faulty refrigerators in front of everybody. The company started turning around in late 1980s with Zhangruimin’s disciplined management. As an avid reader of western and Japanese business, he brought Haier into international competition after cooperating with Germany Liebherr Group. This has been one of the most told stories where a new innovative leader saves an almost bankrupted company. Under some extreme circumstances, those in power might need to step down before the end of their due time. Chairman...
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...GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA IN EDUCATION By J. P. NAIK 1.One of the major educational controversies today refers to the role of the Government of India in education. Prima facie education is a State subject. Entry 11 of the List II of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution lays down that “education including universities, subject to the provisions of Entries 63, 64, 65 and 66 of List I and Entry 25 of List III” should be a State subject. But there are some other provisions in the Constitution itself which contradict the almost absolute delegation of authority suggested by this entry in the State list; and what is even more significant, the Central Government has since shown an unprecedented activity and interest in the field of education ever since the attainment of independence. In 1947, it appointed a University Commission and has since been engaged in evolving common policies in Higher education such as the introduction of the three-year degree course. This was followed by a Secondary Education Commission which tried to introduce a number of uniform trends in a field where the Centre has had hardly any constitutional authority. No Commission was appointed in the field of Primary education. But the scheme of Basic education was declared to have gone beyond the stage of experimentation and was also adopted as the national pattern at the Elementary stage. The interest of the Central Government in Technical education and...
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...1) What is Government Policy The term ‘government policy’ can be used to describe any course of action which intends to change a certain situation. Think of policies as a starting point for government to take a course of action that makes a real life change. Government uses policy to tackle a wide range of issues. In fact, it can make policies that could change how much tax you pay, parking fines, immigration laws and pensions. Law can also be changed by government, so when they create a policy it can be made to affect specific groups of people or everyone in our society. Government departments (such as education or finance), agencies (like Land and Property Services or the Housing Executive) and councils all make policies that affect our lives. These policies can be influenced in many ways: political parties or individual politicians lobbying decision makers in government voluntary organisations community groups public opinion public consultations the media 2) Influence to Population Government make policies to population or population policy to determine the principles, objectives and policies adopted by the State as regards population issues for the purpose of influencing the population status, including variables in population growth and its main elements (fertility, births, deaths, geographical distribution, immigration, population composition such as population youthfulness or rising rate of the elderly, as well as general issues relating...
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...Education: In present days Why India is still a developing country and what is stopping it from being a developed country? This particular question strikes me every time when I read something about India’s education system. I see India’s education system as a stumbling block towards its objectives of achieving inclusive growth. Let me inform you about certain startling facts. India is going to experience a paradox of nearly 90 million people joining the workforce but most of them will lack requisite skills and the mindset for productive employment according to a report in DNA. India has about 550 million people under the age of 25 years out of which only 11% are enrolled in tertiary institutions compared to the world average of 23%. I wouldn’t be laying too much emphasis on the drawbacks of India’s public education system because it has been an issue well debated over in the past and the main flaws have already been pointed out before. I will be focusing on how the education system’s failure is leading to another social issue of income inequality and hence, suggest certain policies to improve India’s education system and reduce inequality. The really critical aspect of Indian public education system is its low quality. The actual quantity of schooling that children experience and the quality of teaching they receive are extremely insufficient in government schools. A common feature in all government schools is the poor quality of education, with weak infrastructure and inadequate...
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