...DaHari Morgan-Parker Owens Eng IV-5 18 March 2015 The Fall and Rebirth of Satanic Verses An alternate definition for censorship is the conscious attempt to prevent the human mind from expanding its capacity to understand and retain information. It is an insult to human intelligence and basically a way of saying “you can’t or shouldn’t be able to handle what is presented.” The official definition of censorship is “the suppression of speech, public communication or other information which may be considered objectionable, harmful or sensitive determined by government, media outlets, authorities or other public institutions. Censorship occurs in the literary world when as small as a group of housewives files a complaint against the work for a simple a reason as 3 curse words in the span of 3 chapters. Once that complaint is filed it then goes to an appointed committee which reviews the work and determines the public is allowed to ingest the content presented by the author and his novel. As this process is hardly justifiable partly due to the fact that it takes such a small proportion of the population to enforce as opposed to the lengthy but respectable process of say getting a bill or new law pass; the act of novel censorship specifically is hardly an acceptable process of deciding if a book should be permitted. Satanic Verses, a novel which caused a large debacle overseas due to its perceived harsh criticisms of a certain religion, fell victim to this process but on a larger...
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...Common Themes in The Hunger Games and Hitler Youth Two of the summer reading books, The Hunger Games and Hitler Youth: Growing Up in Hitler’s Shadows, share common themes. The themes of rebellion, resistance, morality, government censorship, and oppression will be explored in this essay. In The Hunger Games, rebellion and resistance were the most dominant themes. The way that the Districts rebelled against the Capitol is strikingly similar to some of the people who tried to resist Hitler’s reign as chancellor during World War II. This is a very important theme because rebellion is what caused the Capitol to create the Hunger Games. The Hunger Games were created as a punishment for the rebellion of the Districts against the Capitol. Without rebellion, there would have been no Games for the tributes to compete in. There were also several times in The Hunger Games when Katniss rebelled and tried to resist the Capitol’s control. Early in the book, Katniss went outside the government’s fence to hunt. When Katniss was showing off her skills to the sponsors, she rebelled against them when they didn’t pay any attention to her. She shot the apple in the pig’s mouth as an act of rebellion. Also, when Rue died, Katniss covered Rue’s body in flowers. She knew this would make the Capitol angry. Also, at the end of the Games, after Katniss learned that she and Peeta couldn’t both win, she threatened suicide by eating the berries. This act of defiance showed how Katniss didn’t...
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...have led us to change our viewpoints and teaches us to grow as a society. Which means that the statement by Mr. Holmes does apply both cases. 4. In R v Keegstra in order for it to pass the charter challenge it must pass question 3, which is can the infringement be justified under Section 1 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The first test is the Compelling - State Objective Test (CSOT). Parliaments objective of preventing harm caused by the promotion of hatred is sufficiently important to warrant overriding a constitutional freedom. In conclusion s. 319(2) is a reasonable and justifiable limit pressing and substantial. The second test is the proportionality Test, “is the means chosen rationally connected to the governments objective”. There is a rational objective between the objective being the protection of groups targeted by hate propaganda and promotion of social harmony and the governments choice of means to accomplish the objective. therefore criminal liability deters hate crime so it is rationally connected. The second part of the test is, “has the means chosen limited the right as little as possible.” The means chosen limits the rights because its so narrow due to the important objectives of section 319(2) and minimal contribution made of values underlining freedom of expression the narrow range of expression prohibited by s.319 (2) only limits communication statements, not in ovate conversations which promote hatred against identifiable groups. The third part of...
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...victims be entitled to compensation? Airport security Should the government use invasive pat-downs and body scans to ensure passenger safety or are there better methods? Al Qaida Has U.S. policy actually spread terrorism rather than contain it? Will it get better or worse? Why and how? Alcohol Should the U.S. lower the drinking age to 18? Animal rights Should it be illegal to use animals for sports and entertainment? Arming pilots Good idea? Art A few years ago, an artist was criticized for depicting the Virgin Mary with elephant dung. When is art not really art? Athletes in high schools Should shoe companies be able to give away free shoes and equipment to high school athletes? Beauty contests Do they serve any purpose in society? Bridges, roads, waterways Why the government gets a bad report card on America’s infrastructure. Bullying laws Should the state or federal government put laws into place to prevent bullying? Cell phones How have they changed us socially? Censorship Should parents censor textbooks and other literature for children in schools? Cheap labor U.S. companies that move factories to undeveloped nations barely pay employees enough to live on. Is it unethical to pay cheap wages or are companies doing those workers a favor? Child soldiers Why and how children are used for war Church arson Hate crime? Civil disobedience Is breaking the law for a cause justifiable? Civil unions If civil couples have the same rights/privileges of...
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... Topic: Porn Regulation in Canada BY: MUZZAMIL HUSSAIN I. Introduction: Pornography has been defined as any material that is sexually explicit but does not appear to be obscene and, which can be displayed through the Internet, adult movies, magazines and adult stores. Obscenity laws in Canada use the community standards models to determine which pornographic material are in accordance with societal morals, and which should be categorized as obscene. John Stuart Mill and the Harms of Pornography is an article written by David Dyzenhaus in 1992, professor of Law and Philosophy at the University of Toronto. In his article, he raises an interesting idea that liberalists and feminists would support the censorship of pornography (Dyzenhaus, 1992). The feminist viewpoint argues that pornography shows men forcing women into sex; therefore it should be censored because of the harm it causes against women. Dyzenhaus then hypothesizes that because pornography is portrayed as violent material, the classical liberalists such as John Stuart Mill would defend the feminists in censoring such behavior based on his harm principle. The article also raises gender inequality issues of contemporary society, one being the subordination of men to women. Three political philosophies are concerned with the law of obscenity: liberalism, conservatism and feminism. Conservative morality takes into consideration the elements of virtue or wickedness behind pornography and...
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...– Dwight D. Eisenhower On June 28, 1914, the Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand, was assassinated. That event marked the first phase of World War I (Grayzel 10). Soon afterward nations throughout Europe announced declarations of war. By the end of October countries as far away as Japan, China and Brazil had become involved (Grayzel 11). Susan R. Grayzel in the “Introduction: The First World War and the Making of a Modern, Global Conflict” from The First World War: A Brief History with Documents”, explores a variety of contributing reasons for the Great War (Grayzel 9). The causes most often cited included the rise of nationalism, increased militarism, imperialism, and a willingness among the population to allow their governments to persecute a war (Grayzel 9-10). Ironically, it was a complicated series of competitive alliances and international peace agreements that caused such a rapid global escalation of hostilities (Grayzel 5). With its vast immigrant population, and their own ties to European and Asian interests, America was not immune to finding itself dragged into the war. Hence, during the first years of the war, President Woodrow Wilson struggled to maintain neutrality. So much so that he issued a declaration of neutrality to Congress on August 14, 1914. In his speech he entreated Americans to remember, “Every man who really loves America will act and speak in the true spirit of neutrality …” (Woodrow par. 2) With even more conviction he strongly...
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...At the beginning of 2010, our biggest competitor Google search engine indicated that it threatened to exit China internet. In December, 2009, Google revealed that hackers tried to access their customers’ email accounts on its servers. It was a huge shock to the world. One of the biggest search engine companies decided to exit the largest internet market of China. It not only became the issue of politics between the two countries but also brought some impacts to its competitors. Being forced to censor the search results was the most important reason for giant Google to quit China. And Google's chief legal officer David Drummond pointed out in a blog post that at least 20 other large companies from a wide range of businesses were similarly targeted as the same reason. As another biggest company in the world, should our Microsoft’s Bing search engine follow Google exiting China? It becomes a big issue for us. Should our Microsoft’s Bing search engine follow Google exiting China? What if Bing quits China? What will be the results? Microsoft's chief research and strategy officer, Craig Mundie, confirmed in an interview with China Daily that Bing now has less than 1 percent of Chinese market share. Will Microsoft’s Bing take the high road or the low road in order to gain a bigger piece China's fast-growing Internet market? This report is to explore whether Microsoft’s Bing should quit China or not and the results will come from the decision. Especially on these most...
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...Virtual Reality Or Virtual Renegade? INF103 Computer Literacy Instructor: Lameika Gupton August 19, 2013 Outline * Introduction * Question: Is virtual reality another tactic organized by the government to control society? * Thesis: Due to the invasion of privacy from tapping into phones to trying to censor the Internet, it is most probable to conclude that virtual reality, which includes altering the mindsets of humans to believe they are in a stable world except they are not, is another allure transpired by governmental forces to control society. * Caution or Control? * Wiretapping * Internet Censorship * Allure * Virtual Reality Tactics * Cons of Artificial Intelligence/Virtual Reality * Scientific and Technical Problems With Virtual Reality * Negation * Pros of Virtual Reality * Comparison to Cons of Virtual Reality * Conclusion Virtual Reality or Virtual Renegade? According to Merriam – Webster online, democracy is defined by “a : government by the people; especially : rule of the majority b : a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections, c. : the common people especially when constituting the source of political authority” (Merriam – Webster, 2013). In each of these definitions, the reader may see that they all include...
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...Freedom of Speech, Hate Speech, & Talk Radio Brice Hinchman Freedom of Speech, Hate Speech, & Talk Radio What is Freedom of speech? Well, the definition for freedom of speech is the ability to speak freely without being subject to censorship or without fear of retaliation from a governing body. There are at least two documents, the US Constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, that acknowledge that free speech is an unalienable right and protect it for all. There is another form of speech that may or may not be protected, depending on the circumstances, under the same documents and that is hate speech. Some of the limitations that are put in place by Government, employers, and educational facilities are a violation of what freedom of speech is really about, being able to freely speak your mind, but are necessary to protect the rights and liberties of other individuals. The freedom of speech is a very powerful right that is protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Our Founding Fathers set the stage when they wrote the Declaration of Independence by stating that “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” (Choices, 81). One of these liberties and unalienable rights was the Freedom of speech. The First Amendment to the United States Constitution, which was ratified...
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...THE COST OF ARTISTIC FREEDOM: CENSORSHIP vs. LIBERALISM IN HOLLYWOOD, 1940 – 1960 Destiny Adams History 734 – Seminar in American History Dr. Wintz – Texas Southern University Spring 2009 Table of Contents Part One 1.1 – Introduction – p. 3 1.2 – Social and Political Climate pp. 3-11 1.3 – Production Code Resolutions pp.11-15 Part Two 2.1- Production Codes – I, II, III and IV pp.16 2.2 – Production Codes V, VI, VII and VIII pp.17-18 2.3 - Production Codes IX, X, XI and XII pp.18 Part Three 3.1- Hollywood and Film making – 1940-1949 pp.18-21 3.2- Movies – Awarded, Nominated, Not Nominated pp.21 Part Four 4.1- Hollywood and Film making – 1950-1959 pp.22-26 4.2- Movies – Awarded, Nominated, Not Nominated pp.26 Part Five 5.1- Synopsis of Film making in the 1960’s – New Era pp. 27-28 5.2- Conclusion pp.28-29 The Red Scare of 1917-1920, was the primary influence for the emergence of censorship through McCarthyism and Anti- Socialist sentiments in filmmaking during 1940-1960. McCarthyism and three international wars enhanced Anti – Communist resentments within the United States. A brief emergence of Socialist organizations in America heightened the fervor of conservative versus liberal views within cinematography. Motion Movie producers and Distributors, in Hollywood, California were heavily encouraged to influence film directors, screenwriters and actors by incorporating strict codes within their artistic expression...
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...The Language of Conflict and Commitment AUTHOR: Laura Linda Holland, B.A. (University of Alberta) SUPERVISOR: Dr. Alan Bishop NUMBER OF PAGES: v, 134 ii ABSTRACT The thes is concentrates on South African poetry from 1960 to the present. It closely examines a selection of poems by Breyten Breytenbach, Dennis Brutus, Pascal Gwala, Wopko Jensma, Oswald Mtshali, Arthur Nortje, Cosmo Pieterse, Sipho Sepamla, and Wally Serote, among others. The body of the thesis discusses these poets' contributions to poetry about prison, exile, and township life. The thesis focuses on the struggle between various polical, racial, and cultural groups for hegemony over South Africa's poetic development. Such issues as language, ideology, and censorship are explored insofar as they in! .luence t:ne content and structure of the poetry. This body of poems, sadly, is little studied in North America. The thesis presents an introduction to and a survey of the major tendencies in South African poetry and, in part, attempts to relate the poetry's role in expressing the commitment of these poets to the ending of apartheid and the eventual resolution of the conflict for freedom. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Alan Bishop, for all his consideration and support as well as for his assistance with locating source materials and for his extremely beneficial criticism. I...
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...TOPIC: The influence of radio and television in promoting national development in Nigeria. DEDICATION. I want to dedicate this to God, Thank you for all your blessing. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. I want to acknowledge God Almighty for impacting such wonderful knowledge and may he continue to guide me. PREFACE. This paper discusses the significant methods and ways that radio and television can improve and promote national development in Nigeria to increase its economic power and interaction ability among her people. This topic offers solution and background to the issues of language barrier among the people and communication barriers among the leaders and the people at the grassroots. It also discusses the functions of the media as whole and also defins radio and television. TABLE OF CONTENT Title page……………………………………………….. 2 Dedication……………………………………………….. 3 Acknowledgement………………………………………. 4 Preface……………………………………………………. 5 Table of content……………………………………………6 CHAPTER ONE 1. Introduction………………………..…………………8 Definition of terms 1.2 Radio.………… ….………………………………….10 1.3 Television………………………………………..……11 1.4 National development………………………..………..12 CHAPTER TWO 2.1 The origin of radio………………………….…………. 13 2.2 The origin of television…………………………………14 2.3 The birth of radio in Nigeria……………………………15 2.4 The birth of television in Nigeria …………………... .17 CHAPTER THREE 3.1 The function of media in promoting national...
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...CHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM A. Research Background At home, house rules are set. Inside an educational institution, general directions are laid down. In offices, company policies are implemented. Indeed, regulations and set of laws are everywhere. Whoever professional individual, may he be a lawyer, a doctor, an engineer, an accountant, a journalist and so on, conformity with moral standards is expected. In whatever profession, may it be in law, medicine, engineering, business, mass media and so on, compliance with the principles of professional conduct is needed. At wherever workplace, may it be in the court, hospital, construction site, bank, and so on, observance of the rules is required. Every professional men and women has to abide by certain rules and regulations. Practitioners of mass communication is no exception. The individuals working under this profession have to observe and follow the law and ethics of mass communication. These are not just standards of what is right and wrong nor based only on morality, as what most people think so. There is more to ethics than their misconceptions. These standards of conduct are highly essential and therefore strict adherence is recommended. These ethics drive the practitioners to instill self-discipline, professional attitude and sense of responsibility among 1 themselves as they are guided on how to deal with day-to-day situations involving ethical dilemmas. Here in the Philippines, there have been a lot of reported...
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...6 December 2013 Elias Boudinot: A Native American Pioneer “Oh, what is a man who will not dare to die for his people? Who is there here that will not perish, if this great nation may be saved?” – Elias Boudinot, Cherokee Nation, December 29, 1835 There might not be any other ethnicity in the United States that has suffered as much deculterization, destruction and blatant ridicule by the majority ruling class than the Native American people. The very beginning of Anglo settlement in the new world marked the beginning of the end of the very way of life and culture that the native people enjoyed prior to the rampant spread of disease and warfare that would come to symbolize the Native relationship with the Anglo-European people of the United States. As the Anglo grip on the nation grew tighter, it became apparent that either you accept violence as your tribe’s only salvation, or you decide to accept whatever offer the ruling white class decided to offer your tribe, in hopes that your tribes willingness to abide by whatever rules and regulations imposed will eventually save your people from the fate of so many of your brothers and sisters across the country. No tribe personified this reality better than the Cherokee Nation of the Southeastern United States, and no one Cherokee Indian should be connected with the struggle of acculteration verses preservation than Elias Boudinot, the editor of the Cherokee Phoenix, the first Native American paper in the United States. As it...
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...Abstract The purpose of this paper is to focus on the objectives of the American involvement in the occupation of the Caribbean nation of Haiti. Highlighted are the pretenses under which America began their involvement and the subsequent results of the invasion. The economic, political and social effects that the US had on the Haitian community had it’s successes in areas such as the rebuilind of the infrastructure, but were significantly countered with blatant violations in human rights laws and corruption within the government. These areas of failure reject the fundamental basis of what a successful counterinsurgency entails. Although there is much evidence of successes and failures in Haiti, to conclude, a realist argument will be presented in order to provide some answers as to why decisions were made to occupy Haiti under a COIN objective, but withdraw without meeting those objectives. Keywords: cacos, violence, attitudes, counterinsurgency “For our forebears, for our country, Oh God of the valiant! Take our rights and our life under your infinite protection, Oh God of the valiant! For our forebears, for our country.” –Haitian National Anthem Haiti, which is officially the Republic of Haiti, is a Caribbean country. It occupies the western, smaller portion of the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antillean archipelago, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. The country's capital is Port-au-Prince. Haitian Creole and French are the...
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