.................... 5 Production and Consumption as Social Processes Generating Waste ..................................... 6 Economic Instruments for EMS .................................................................................................. 10 Strategy ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Conclusions and Recommendations .......................................................................................... 19 References ................................................................................................................................. 20 Prepared by: Dr. Michael Witter Economist Economic Incentives for Implementing Environmental Management Systems in Jamaica 1 Economic Incentives for Implementing Environmental Management Systems in Jamaica 2 INTRODUCTION The Jamaican economy at the dawn of the twenty-first (21st) century is a very open extensively liberalized marketplace in which Jamaican enterprises are being outcompeted by imported goods and services and by foreign owned businesses established here. Historically, the incentive system, essentially, the structure of prices, favoured environmentally unfriendly activity. Subsidized chemicals for farming, no user charges for the environment and public recreation facilities, poor waste management systems and practices and low fines for unenforced...
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...several experts on the problems of e-waste and their management. Some experts argue that the root cause of concern for human health and the Environment is not because of the chemical and components used rather it is the severe mismanagement of e-waste in several developing countries. Others turn the attentions to the fact that the United States and European countries have no laws prohibiting the export of toxic waste. Rapid technology change, low initial cost, and even planned obsolescence have resulted in the fastest growth of the electrical and electronic equipment products and simultaneously resulted in the rapid development of e-waste around the globe due to enhanced rate of discarding the products after their end-of-life (EOL). (Bandyopadhyay). However, it is also worthwhile noting that in contrast, Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment (WEEE) can offer a tremendous business opportunity if it would be treated in proper manner. Such is the emerging technology that support of the green computing and building our recycling infrastructure which is said to be woefully inadequate. Whichever ways these environmental issues are viewed, it is obvious in my opinion that the Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment (WEEE) is problematic because of the vast array of chemicals and components used to manufacture EEE. The decision by all the stakeholders to act on mitigation of these problems is vital. This is a global issue accompanied by major ethical dilemma across all culture...
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...11 2.2 Guiding Hypotheses 11 3. Conceptual Framework of the Paper 11 4. Materials and Methods 13 4.1 The Study Location 13 4.2 Data Collection Analysis 13 5. Results and Discussion 15 5.1 The State of Ghana's Environment 16 5.1.1 Perception of Environmental Problems in Ghana 16 5.2 Environmental Policy and Implementing Instituitions in Ghana 17 5.2.1 Economic Recovery Programme (ERP) 18 5.2.2 National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) 18 5.2.3 Ghana Environmental REsources Management systems (GERMS) 19 5.2.4 Forest and Wildlife Policy 20 5.2.5 Environment Sanitation Policy (ESP) 20 5.2.6 Strategic Environment Assessment (SEA) 20 5.3 Environmental Implementing Instituitions in Ghana 21 5.3.1 Roles of Key Stakeholders 22 5.3.1.1 The Role of Government of Ghana 22 5.3.1.2 Awareness of Environmental Projects and Programmes 22 5.3.2 The Role of Environmentalists and Civil Society Organization 24 5.3.3 The Role of Local Authorities 24 5.4 Environmental Communication and Awareness 24 5.5 Environmental Programme listen to on Radio...
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...Discuss any economic resource which is scarce in UAE or a well-known country. Then analyze the pros and cons of the government procedures which have been carried out toward this problem. In your opinion, what are the most effective suggestions to solve this scarcity problem? INTRODUCTION: Economic resources are the land, labor, capital and entrepreneurial ability that are combined to produce outputs in order to meet the ever-changing needs and wants of individuals and society as the whole. They earn, rent, wages, interest, and profit, respectively as their resource payments. Good and services that are scarce are economic goods. Scarcity is the basic economic problem that is unlimited human needs and wants, in a world of limited resources. UAE is oil rich country which is in a serious danger of losing its water resource in the coming 50 years. Abu Dhabi is one of the richest emirates swallow around 550 liters of water per day by per person which is comparatively quite more as compare to other countries in the world.UAE government incurs lot of money on the energy cost as desalination plants are set up in order to provide fresh water. Desalination plants costs $18 million a day, apart from this they also have huge environmental impact. The arid climate of the country plays a significant role in the water resources availability. Rainfall, which is a main source of recharge for different water resources, such as surface water and groundwater, is scanty and extremely irregular...
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...DECLARATION The group hereby declares that except for references to other people’s work, which has been acknowledged, this dissertation is the outcome of our own independent investigation under the supervision of Mr. Sumani John Bosco. NAME ID SIGNATURE GYAMFI KINGSLEY KWAKU IDS/3498/06 ………………………….. JEBUNI BERNARD IDS/3548/06 …………………………. SALIA ELIZABETH ZENABU IDS/3794/06 ………………………… YANGFO JACOB IDS/3902/06 ………………………… ZIEM ABRAHAM IDS/3934/06 ………………………… …………………………… Mr. Sumani John Bosco (Supervisor) Date…………………….. DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the parents and relatives of the group members for their love, care, prayers and support. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The group wishes to render its first thanks to the Almighty God without whose divine intervention the work would not have been possible. We also acknowledge the immense contribution of the chiefs, elders and people of Zanko and Sokpayiri communities who contributed in diverse ways to making our research a successful one. The group also...
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...Introduction s environmental issues gain greater attention, pressure is being placed on all industries, including financial services to implement “green” initiatives. While green banking is not yet a key reason for most customers to select one financial institution over another, customer demands and greater environmental awareness are driving a number of financial institutions to go green. Environment is a key focus amongst ethical banks (in this field specially called sustainability or green banks) as well as amongst many conventional banks that wish to appear more ethically oriented or that see switching to more environmental practices to be to their advantage. In general bankers “consider themselves to be in a relatively environmentally friendly industry (in terms of emissions and pollution). However, given their potential exposure to risk, they have been surprisingly slow to examine the environmental performance of their clients. A stated reason for this is that such an examination would ‘require interference’ with a client’s activities. While the desire to not meddle in the business of the client is valid, one could also note that banks are required to interfere in the business of their clients regularly to ensure that the clients’ business plan is viable before issuing them a loan. The kind of analysis that all banks partake in is termed a single bottom line analysis (this analysis only considers financial performance). It is arguable whether or not performing a triple bottom...
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...IMPROPER SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY AT BARANGAY 19, SAMPAGUITA STREET BATANGAS CITY Introduction Solid Waste Management refers to the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases spread by rodents and insects. The tasks of solid-waste management present complex technical challenges. They also pose a wide variety of administrative, economic, and social problems that must be managed and solved. The primary sources of solid waste include waste generated in residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial activities. Certain types of wastes that cause immediate danger to exposed individuals or environments are classified as hazardous; these are discussed in the article hazardous-waste management. All nonhazardous solid waste from a community that requires collection and transport to a processing or disposal site is called refuse or municipal solid waste (MSW). Refuse includes garbage and rubbish. Garbage is mostly decomposable food waste; rubbish is mostly dry material such as glass, paper, cloth, or wood. Garbage is highly putrescible or decomposable, whereas rubbish is not. Trash is rubbish that includes bulky items such as old refrigerators, couches, or large tree stumps....
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...Organization of Natural Resources a unique citation on Waste Management For Sustainable Livelihoods *Mrs. T.Kumuthavalli All humans do not understand natural resources, Most humans do not value natural resources! Yet we live only because we have the natural resources. “Houston, we have a problem!” Abstract - This introductory note sets the tone for what follows in the subsequent pages on natural resource management linked sustainable development of human and other resources, with special reference to waste management. India is endowed with a rich and vast diversity of natural resources. Its development and management plays a vital role in production and development. Integrated Natural Resource Management is vital for fulfilling our millennium development goal of poverty reduction, environmental sustenance and sustainable economic development. National and International Policies on Management of Natural Resources envisages that the Natural resources of the country should be developed and managed in an integrated manner by applying effective waste treatment. The basic framework for applying a socio-ecological system approach to natural resource management has been set, which forms the basis for what follows in the subsequent pages. Keywords – Natural Resources, MGDs, Waste Management, NRM Introduction India is the second most populous country, which has about 16% of the world population and 25% of the land area. Rapid industrialization last few decades have...
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...Material management department is typically responsible for directing the supply chain. Material management is an umbrella department that has many other functions (e.g., central store, laundry and linen operations, and sterile processing). The core purpose of material management is to direct and control the movements of goods in an efficient manner through a hospital system (Langabeer, 2008). This material management proposal document will elaborate on the role materials management plays within a hospital and the role of operations managers in this process. This document will further identify possible constraints a hospital may experience in its supply chain, the potential effects and justification on implementing a new collaborative planning process, and provide suggestions on how to manage a hospital supplied during a disaster. Role of Materials and Operations Management The role of materials and operations management plays within a hospital system is vital to the success of any health care organization. According to Langabeer (2008) material management controls significant resources and have total expenditures, or spending at 50% of a hospital budget. Materials management not only directs and controls the supply chain of a health care organization it is responsible for managing the flow of goods throughout the hospital and carry out supply and resource logistics. Materials management has numerous meanings and some hospitals view material management as an umbrella department...
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...Tourism companies. These jobs employ a large proportion of women, minorities and young people; are predominantly in small and medium sized companies; and offer good training and transferability. Tourism can also be one of the most effective drivers for the development of regional economies. These patterns apply to both developed and emerging economies. Contributing to sustainable development 3. The 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), the Rio Earth Summit, identified Travel & Tourism as one of the key sectors of the economy which could make a positive contribution to achieving sustainable development. The Earth Summit lead to the adoption of Agenda 21, a comprehensive program of action adopted by 182 governments to provide a global blueprint for achieving sustainable development. Travel & Tourism is the first industry sector...
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...Health Care Information Systems Abstract The U.S. government plays a large role in all areas of the health care delivery system, from financing to organizing, overseeing and providing care. Because of the large scale of the integration of the health care delivery system, government should lead the way and model the rest of the nation after two health care systems run by the government, which provide quality care and are up to date with information technology systems. Health Care Information Systems The United States health care delivery system is not meeting the needs of the American population. With the advancements in medical science and technology, Americans are living longer, and we are seeing an increase in chronic conditions that need coordinated and integrated care. As the cost of health care in the United States escalate, attempts to control those costs also increase. Controlling costs and access and quality improvements to the health care system are the issues pushing the Information Technology policies. Studies are consistently showing that the adoption of Information Technology is one answer to alleviating the rising costs to both patients and health care organizations and providing evidenced based health care management and organizational changes, providing and protecting consumers confidential and private health care information, ensuring the reduction of medical errors and waste. The Institute of Medicine’s, Crossing the Quality Chasm has...
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...Watershed management is the study of the relevant characteristics of a watershed aimed at the sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and implementing plans, programs, and projects to sustain and enhance watershed functions that affect the plant, animal, and human communities within a watershed boundary.[1] Features of a watershed that agencies seek to manage include water supply, water quality, drainage, stormwater runoff, water rights, and the overall planning and utilization of watersheds. Landowners, land use agencies, stormwater management experts, environmental specialists, water use surveyors and communities all play an integral part in the management of a watershed. Contents • 1 Sources of pollution • 2 Controlling pollution • 3 Governance • 4 Environmental law • 5 See also • 6 References • 7 Further reading • 8 External links o 8.1 Coastal Zones Sources of pollution In an agricultural landscape, common contributors to water pollution are nutrients and sediment which typically enter stream systems after rainfall washes them off poorly managed agricultural fields, called surface runoff, or flushes them out of the soil through leaching. These types of pollutants are considered nonpoint source pollution because the exact point where the pollutant originated cannot be identified. Such pollutants remain a major issue for water ways because the difficulty to control their sources hinders...
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...Kupka RA #1 OLIS 611 Waste Reduction and Recycling Up until now, our primary strategies to reduce waste has been recycling, reducing, and reusing. While these are all important tools in waste reduction, a new way of thinking about waste needs to occur; a fourth R: “Rethinking” means that waste doesn’t have to be a part of the consumption cycle at all (Roseland). While we have a very long way to go in achieving this zero-waste idea, we can still start by rethinking all aspects of a production process; starting with the initial design process down to reusing or recycling all by-products. The City of Eugene is doing its part in Recycling, Reducing and Reusing, as well as Rethinking about waste by partnering with local non-profits and schools to educate the community in resource conservation as well as providing recycling services and composting programs. The budget for Solid Waste and Recycling in Eugene accounts for 0.3% of the total budget, or $1,476 for the year. There are four major sectors and program coordinators working for the City’s waste management and recycling department: • Stephanie Scafa- Zero Waste Analyst for the Waste Prevention and Green Building Program • Anne Donahue- Compost and Urban Agriculture • Nancy Young- Solid Waste Analyst for the Waste Prevention Program • Ethan Nelson- Recycling contact for Waste Prevention and Green Building Program Roseland suggests many tools and initiatives in waste management that local government can use to Rethink,...
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...sustainable development is dominant, considering the crucial role they play in financing the economic and developmental activities of the world. In this context, the urgency for banks to act as responsible corporate citizens in the society, especially in a developing country like ours, need be hardly overemphasized. Their activities should reflect their concern for human rights and environment. Since banking sector is one of the major stake holders in the Industrial sector, it can find itself faced with credit risk and liability risks. Further, environmental impact might affect the quality of assets and also rate of return of banks in the long-run. Thus the banks should go green and play an upbeat role to take environmental and ecological aspects as part of their lending principle, which would force industries to go for mandated investment for environmental management, use of appropriate technologies and management systems. This paper explores the developments of environmental concern in Indian banks, their environmental impact, and their role in the economy as a driving force for more proactive policies toward sustainable development. 1Introduction Banks and financial intuitions have played major role in the economic development of the country and most of the credit- related schemes of the government to uplift the poorer and the under-privileged sections have been implemented through the banking sector. The role of banks in contributing toward sustainable development is...
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...ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Mangrove ecosystems play an integral role within the stabilisation of coastal intertidal soil by preventing coastal erosion through their complex network of roots (“Teaching about Mangroves, 2013”). Scientifically they are defined as an assemblage of unique tropical plants which are able to survive within variable flooding conditions and withstand high salinity concentration. They do so by a selective combination of structural adaptations such as salt excretion upon leaves, and filtering of absorbed nutrients (“Encyclopaedia of Earth, 2013”). The most healthy and abundant mangrove communities occur in tropical and subtropical areas, between 30o N and 30O S latitude (“Encyclopaedia of Earth, 2013”). An example of a mangrove community presents itself within the Moreton Bay Mangrove community located within South-East Queensland, Australia. The community possesses 8 mangroves species but is predominantly dominated by Avicennia marina (Grey Mangroves) and Aegiceras corniculatum (Black Mangrove) (“Moreton Bay Mangrove, 2013”). The Moreton Bay community provides vital protection and food source for various marine and terrestrial species including wading birds, shrimps and crabs. Structurally it is comprised of coastal environments consisting of numerous river estuaries that extend seaward (“Moreton Bay Mangrove Species, 2013”). 1. BIOTIC INTERACTIONS IN THIS MANGROVE COMMUNITY The biotic interactions...
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