...Aaron Baker 7 October 2012 The Evolution of GPS Technology Good morning my name is Aaron Baker and today I’m going to speak to you about GPS technology. GPS is an abbreviation for the Global Positioning System, which is what we use today to pinpoint locations around the globe. The GPS system is valuable because it has many civilian and military uses. I will inform you about what exactly GPS is and I will also highlight some of its uses. In the early 1950’s during the race to space, the United States Department of Defense realized that tracking the position of satellites in space could be used to pinpoint fixed locations on the earth’s surface. Not until 1973 did research and development begin for the technology we rely on everyday known as the Global Positioning System (GPS). From 1978 to 1985 a total of 11 Block I GPS satellites were launched into orbit. The Block I satellites were the experimental satellites used to test the system. Eleven (11) were launched, none functioning. Following this launch Block II satellites were sent into orbit, this occurred in 1989. The Block II satellites comprise the first nine spacecraft of the operational series. In 1994 the last series of Block IIA satellites were sent into orbit, this completed the GPS satellite constellation. The Block IIA satellites comprise the second 19 spacecraft of the operational series. This is the system we use today. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a constellation of 27 earth orbiting satellites...
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...1. Why have Personal Navigation Devices become popular? What technologies are required to facilitate the success of PNDs? A PND uses a GPS signals to determine the device’s location and display it on a digital map. Additional software brings features such as routing, driving conditions, suggested directions, ETA, interactivity, etc. The main features of PNDs that made them popular were convenience and accuracy of information. Before PNDs, to navigate one would need paper maps. Paper maps can become quickly outdated and cannot show current location. Users would have to know their locations in order to manually calculate a route to destination. A PND calculates the current location by triangulation of GPS signals and software calculates a route based on multiple criteria (fastest or shortest route, traffic conditions, etc). As the technology evolved, more features were packed in PND such as POI (points of interest). While a paper map can aid in manually generate a route to known destination, it cannot help finding a POI of which location is unknown to the user. 2. Who are some of the leaders in PNDs? What are the likely factors that will contribute to winning in this marketplace? If we are talking about dedicated PND, the market leaders are Garmin, TomTom and Magellan. However, if we are looking at the total number of GPS enabled devices that provide navigation features, then the combined sales of Samsung, Motorola...
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...Objectives a. To study on the underlying knowledge used in the development of the GPS and how and why the GPS was developed. b. To research on the use of the GPS including the profile and type of user, the purpose it is used for and the developments together with new knowledge created through the use of GPS. Problem statement In this developed society, it is obvious that mankind has arrived at yet another golden era with rapidly advancing technology. The 21st century has appeared that human are at busiest to compete to gain wealth by exploiting all possible resources. However, busy lifestyle has caused issues such as traffic congestion. Time always appears to be a resource easily hit scarcity. This era where information is the riches has invoked the demand of mankind on a tool to navigate so that time will not be wasted when they are lost in traffic. Therefore a tool to guide direction is developed and introduced to the society. Introduction The Global Positioning System (GPS) is selected as the tool in this assignment. Though GPS appears to be a common tool in the society, not everyone understands the process of development gone through by GPS. Global Positioning System is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial...
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...operations are services with mobile navigation solution , map content and services by the business units TOMTOM and TELE ATLAS.TOMTOM financial performance: looking at profitability and financial strength. From 2005 to 2007, the company had a consistent growth in revenue sales with a corresponding increase in net income. This changed from 2008 with a decline in sales revenue of 3.7% and a net income decrease of 136%. This can be accounted by the downturn of the economy but also indicates that TOMTOM did not change its strategy quick enough to absorb the changes in the economy. Sales revenue further decreased in 2009. Also look at competitive strength, TOMTOM is suffering from continuous pressure from competition and decrease in retail prices of GPS units. GARMIN is still the leader with market share of 45% while TOMTOM has a market share of 24%. Based on the above, TOMTOM has a competitive strategy but not a total winning strategy. They need to look at the industry and be more pro-active at market changes and other threats which they identified. TRENDS: Demand for portable navigation devices have declined as traffic and mapping functions are becoming an almost standard feature in cars and mobiles. It will thus look like these device’s market has reached its saturation point. It would seem that more focused is placed on fleet tracking in the satellite navigation industry and companies need to shift focus and adjust their strategies accordingly. Other market which is still available is...
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... 1 Differential Global Positioning Systems Clay Guida Southern Illinois University DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM 2 Global Positioning Systems (GPS) have become one of the greatest innovations of the modern world. Simply put, your personal guide to anywhere in the world. It can accurately get a fix on your position to within 100 meters. This is where most people would say that their GPS gets them down to ten meters or less, and they would be right. But it is GPS in coordination with the Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) that gets them that accurate of a location. To understand this we must start from the beginning and go over GPS’s history. From there we will take a look at what causes some of the inaccuracies that GPS can. Then we can see how DGPS counters these and gives you the most accurate reading you can have. Differential Global Positioning System, GPS’s right hand man for accuracy. To understand how a DGPS helps a GPS we start at the beginning of it’s short history. Though made for use by the United States government, it was the Soviet Union that launched Sputnik in 1957 and gave us the idea. After the launch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) researches observed that they could pick up the radio signal that Sputnik was producing. They also realized that the sound of this transmission varied with the proximity of Sputnik to its antenna receiver. As the satellite...
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...System and Tracking 2nd Semester B.S. (SE) 2014 Submitted By: Name: Hafsa Ameer Enrolment number: 2014/comp/BS(S.E)/16869 Submitted to: Hina Qaiser Khan 14 -November,2014 Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Jinnah University for Women 5-C Nazimabad, Karachi 74600 ABSTRACT Where am I? Where am I going? Where are you? What is the best way to get there? When will I get there? In this paper GPS technology can answer all these questions. GPS satellite can show you exact position on the earth any time, in any weather, no matter where you are. GPS technology has made an impact on navigation and positioning needs with the use of satellites and ground stations the ability to track aircrafts, cars, cell phones, boats and even individuals has become a reality. A system of satellites, receivers that is able to determine the latitude and longitude of a receiver on Earth by calculating the distance. System (GPS) is a worldwide radio-navigation system formed from constellation of 24 satellites. Navigation system is made for aircraft, ships, ground vehicles, and for hand carrying by individuals. Surveying, telecommunications facilities, and mapping, tracking etc is another use of GPS. Also in this paper feasibility is, to introduce tracking system in Jinnah University, that monitor students’progress until they have seen an academic advising resources and helps students graduate on time. TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT ii TABLE OF...
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...suffer these days. Only physical security is not sufficient to protect very large amounts of money. We have various wireless technologies to control, monitor and track the mobile assets. The tracking scenarios are boosted by the invention of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Global Packet Radio Service (GPRS) and Global Positioning System (GPS). By making using the above specified technologies, one can trace the movements of the security vehicle or even cash-box efficiently with graphical maps and location information stored in the backend database. If the theft of cash-box is detected, tracking system can be activated to trace the path of cash-box. Once tracked and located, through the monitoring system, we can easily retrieve it or even catch the criminals. This assignment discuss the above issue of detecting and tracking the cash-box by using wireless technologies like RFID, GPS, GSM, GPRS and EGNOS. GPRS serves as the communication backbone of the system while GPS/EGNOS plays the role of locating the box and RFID is used for theft detection. The assignment also briefly describes the technologies used in the system, its benefits and disadvantages and technical and security drawbacks. Finally a framework is developed by making use of above listed technologies to perform the required task. Intentional Jamming: This is one way of denying the GPS signals by jamming the signals using Radio Frequency interference. It is found to have been...
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...aizan, elissa, suhailan, fadzlihasan}@unisza.edu.my ABSTRACT Various techniques that employ GPS signals such as A-GPS and GPS transmitters [4, 7] have been introduced with the hope to provide a solution for indoor positioning detection. We proposed the implementation of trilateration technique to determine the position of users in indoor areas based on Wi-Fi signal strengths from access points (AP) within the indoor vicinity. In this paper, percentage of signal strengths obtained from Wi-Fi analyzer in a smartphone were converted into distance between users and each AP. A user’s indoor position could then be determined using a formula proposed based on trilateration technique. KEYWORDS Indoor Position detection, WI-Fi, Trilateration Technique. 1 INTRODUCTION Global Positioning System (GPS) is a technology developed by United States of Defense (DoD) that has been used for military purposed. It is also the main technology that plays an important role in satellite navigation. The main purpose of GPS is to determine the position or coordinate of an object based on location, time and speed [2, 6] which provide Location Based Services (LBS) [5, 6]. Nowadays, the technology has been used widely in outdoor environment such as in navigation and coordinate measurements. GPS depends on satellites to communicate using radio signals. Common example of GPS receivers such as GARMIN, NAVMAN and TOM TOM are capable to determine the accuracy of a position...
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...1. Why have Personal Navigation Devices become popular? What technologies are required to facilitate the success of PNDs? PNDs have become very popular in wireless, mobile and stationary models. The PND’s capabilities are vast. They allow the users the ability to search and navigate to their desired locations. Most of the latest PNDs have memory, which allow users the ability to search and store their favorites. This increases efficiency and eliminates rekeying the most common destination, i.e. HOME. Today’s technology allows for each electronic device to have connectivity with the Internet. This connectivity can be used to update software regularly with patches, bug fixes as well as new map locations, roads, highway and by-ways. Even restaurants, gas stations, and stores are accessible via the Internet. PNDs operate by use of a global positioning system (GPS) in conjunction with connectivity satellites. This system is used to gain their respective work using GPS navigation satellites to gain their respective GPS coordinates. With these coordinates the internal system can place them on the map that have been installed within the PND and shows the user where they are in relation to other locations and can even give the best path from point A to point B. 2. Who are some of the leaders in PNDs? What are the likely factors that will contribute to winning in this marketplace? Between the top PND leaders are Garmin, TomTom, Magellan, and Motorola. The PND that I have personal...
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...Orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals. This enables GPS receivers to determine their current location, time and velocity. The GPS satellites are maintained by the United States Air Force. GPS is often used by civilians as a navigation system. On the ground, any GPS receiver contains a computer that "triangulates" its own position by getting bearings from at least three satellites. The result is provided in the form of a geographic position - longitude and latitude - to, for most receivers, within an accuracy of 10 to 100 meters. Software applications can then use those coordinates to provide driving or walking instructions. Getting a lock on by the GPS receivers on the ground usually takes some time especially where the receiver is in a moving vehicle or in dense urban areas. The initial time needed for a GPS lock is usually dependent on how the GPS receiver starts. There are three types of start - hot, warm and cold. The hot start is when the GPS device remembers its last calculated position and the satellites in view, the almanac used (information about all the satellites in the constellation), the UTC Time and makes an attempt to lock onto the same satellites and calculate a new position based upon the previous information. This is the quickest GPS lock but it only works if you are generally in the same location as you were when the GPS was last turned off. The warm start is when the GPS device remembers its last calculated position, almanac used, and UTC...
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...U5014042 ENGN2226 Portfolio Analysis of the Impact of Replacing Out-dated GPS Devices in a Taxi Fleet Name: Samuel Stefopoulos Student ID: u5014042 Course name: Engineering Systems Analysis Course code: ENGN2226 Lecturer: Chris Browne Assessment piece: Individual Portfolio Date submitted: 25th October 2013 U5014042 ENGN2226 Portfolio Summary GPS devices have become increasingly common due to the advancements of electronics. They can now be hand-held and are highly prominent on roads. This is particularly noticeable in taxis, as most cabs are now fitted with some form of GPS device and many fleets have enforced mandatory GPS policies. This document analyses the impact and worth of refitting a fleet of taxis the size of Canberra Cabs with new portable GPS devices. A series of systems analysis techniques were applied in the analysis of the devices in order to reduce the complexity of the components. A major period of device improvement was identified as the time between 2007 and 2009 based on a diffusion of innovations analysis. The analysis of two particular devices, the TomTom XL 310 (2007) and the Garmin Nuvi 1350 (2009), were used as a comparative measure of the improvements made in the time period. The devices chosen for analysis were ergonomically assessed in terms of their user interface. The major factors improved were found to be the prediction of text and consistency with other devices users may be familiar with. An experiment was then designed and performed to...
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...MM 578 Consumer behavior | GIVE A GARMIN | MARKETING STRATEGY FOR GPS NAVIGATION DEVICE | | Marcus J. Lumpkin | MARKET ANALYSIS Company Garmin Limited is a publicly-traded company that specializes in navigation and communication devices for the public. With world headquarters in Olathe, Kansas, the company has grown from only a tiny number of employees in 1989 to over 7,000 employees worldwide today. (www.garmin.com, 2010) Their most popular item, the GPS navigation system for automobiles is amongst the leaders in the industry for such devices. The company also designs and manufactures GPS devices for use in boats, aviation, hiking, fitness and cellular phone and pda units. Customers The customers of Garmin products can be just about anyone who can drive an automobile, or operate a boat or plane. Customers would also include those engaged in aforementioned activities such as hiking, working out or using a cell phone. More specifically though, Garmin customers are those who are bad with directions and frequently get lost. Customers would also include those who may spend a lot of time travelling by automobile, whether locally or for long distances. Competitors Competitors of Garmin exist in many well known names to consumers of electronics. TomTom is a Dutch navigation device maker and market-leader in the field, and poses the biggest competition to the Garmin brand. However recognized brand names such as Sony and Phillips have since entered the niche...
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...Garmin falls under the Technology sector and the Communications Equipment industry. Technology is playing an ever increasing role in people’s lives. A computer used to be a luxury item, but now most people you know have one, if not more, in their house. Technology will continue to play a pivotal role as we become dependent on certain aspects. Can you remember what things were like before the internet, or what you would do without your iPod? Can you imagine how tedious it must have been to duplicate a document before copy machines came along, or how you feel when you leave your cell phone at home and must live without it for the day? Once introduced, technology becomes integrated into our everyday lives. We believe that Garmin’s business of GPS navigation devices is still relatively young and has not caught on with the general public yet. While the company is experiencing very high growth rates, there is so much of the market that has yet to be tapped. As these GPS products become more well-known and mainstream, they have the chance to end up like cell phones and iPods. In ten years people will be asking how they ever lived without their GPS navigation device in the past. They won’t be able to drive, hike, run, or fish without it. A specific trend in technology, and specifically for small, hand-held devices, is multi-functionality. Just like everyone likes a Swiss Army knife because of all its features, consumers go crazy over phones that not only offer the traditional...
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...Independent Equity Research AskAnalyst.com Chisinau, Moldova info@askanalyst.com +373-796-24706 Initiation of Coverage 26 September 2005 TomTom NV Eurolist: “TOM2” Rating: Buy Price target: 45.9 EUR Quote 52-Week Range Recent Price Market Cap Shares Outstanding 09/26/05 35.86 $3,673.0 Mn 102.4 Mn € ’mn Revenue EBITDA Net Income Total Assets Total Debt Shareholders’ Equity Debt/Equity ROE ROA EPS P/E 2003A € 39.1 10.4 6.2 21.0 0.0 7.6 0.0 134% 48% € 0.06 2004A € 192.4 44.5 27.7 91.1 0.0 37.8 0.0 122% 49% € 0.26 2005E € 562.7 131.4 95.5 399.2 0.0 249.6 0.0 66% 39% € 0.86 41.8 2006E € 1,115.4 244.6 170.6 698.3 0.0 422.2 0.0 51% 31% € 1.53 23.5 We are initiating coverage of TomTom with BUY rating. The company has entered the commercialization phase after several years of development and reported tremendous growth of revenue, profits and cash flows. The company has the right product in the right place and at the right time, excellent operating and distribution capabilities, strong management team and a skyrocketing market. In addition, the company has excellent opportunities to outperform the market in terms of growth, as currently it is the leader on the European market, has the best product according to various research entities and sufficient cash resources to acquire smaller competitors and to finance the growth. TomTom’s expansion initiatives will provide it with stronger revenue streams from U.S., Australia, Eastern Europe and Asia. Moreover, TomTom has developed...
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...the sales and revenue growth of TomTom, for example “on 22nd July 2009, TomTom reported a fall of 61% in its net income at the end of 2nd quarter 2009”. TomTom has a significantly dropping of their sales and revenue growth because there have a price war exist during economic recession, especially in mature industries of TomTom such as in US and European, it was affected the profit earned by TomTom. Besides that, another reason is almost customers were reducing their expenditures and avoid buying the unnecessary things such as devices since it is still seen as luxury products during economic recession, and thus it reduced the sales and revenue growth of TomTom. (ii) The global forces Because of the factor of size of its customer and technology base, distribution power and prominent brand name and recognition, it enables TomTom to compete in global markets and lead to become one of the largest producers of satellite navigation systems in the world and maintain their leading position...
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