...Knowledge Area Module VI Contemporary Issues and the Ethical Delivery of Health Services Student: Harold Taitt, harold.taitt@waldenu.edu Student ID # A00293212 Program: Ph.D. Health Services Specialization: Health Management and Policy Faculty Mentor: Dr. Robert Hoye, robert.hoye@waldenu.edu Faculty Assessor: Dr. Jim Goes, jim.goes@waldenu.edu Walden University May 10, 2013 Abstract Breadth Component In this age of rapidly evolving technological advances, many of the legal and ethical issues that are challenging the delivery of health care and the health care profession are new. As we confront the legal, moral, and ethical aspects of health care, we are seldom faced with decisions that require or are resolved by simple right or wrong answers (Edge & Kreiger, 1998). In the Breadth component of KAM VI, I focus on several ethical theories and how those theories influence the way ethical issues and concerns are addressed and managed in the allocation and delivery of health care services. I critically assess and evaluate those theories, concepts, and derivative principles as they impact important decisions and the implications of those decisions within the context of social change and with special emphasis on health care management and policy. In addition, I discuss the key assumptions on which the selected theories are constructed, compare and contrast the writers’ interpretations across theories, and conclude by providing a critical commentary on the merits of the selected...
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...The Biological Transformations of Adolescence Contents Background………………………………………………………………………………… 3 What is Puberty? ..................................................................... 3 Changes in Puberty……………………………………………………………….. 3 Physical changes……………………………………………………………………. 4 Primary Sex characteristics……………………………………………………… 4 Secondary Sex Characteristics…………………………………………………. 4 Psychological Impact of Puberty………………………………………………….. 5 Pubertal Timing………………………………………………………………………. 6 Eating Disorders……………………………………………………………………….. 7 Steroid Use…………………………………………………………………………….... 7 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………… 8 References……………………………………………………………………………………. 9 Adolescence is the time of growth and maturation. It is a stage of transition from childhood towards adulthood (Larson, Wilson, & Rickman, 2009; Schlegel, 2009). This phase of life occurs approximately at the age of 10 and concludes in the early 20s. During the course of adolescence individuals exhibit a great deal of changes; one of them being the biological changes. During the biological manifestations of adolescence, individuals demonstrate physical changes and psychological changes The physical changes occurring during the adolescence is due to puberty. Puberty is derived from Latin, pubertas or “adulthood”...
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...How do the Theories of Emotion, Motivation and Development explain the events and public response to the James Bulger case of 1993? Theories allow people to see the world in a clear manner and allow them to perform actions based on what is rational. There are many theories that have evolved over the past century in Western cultures that attempt to explain how personalities develop, why people behave in certain ways, the type of environmental conditions that motivate them into acting in specific ways, and how these factors are interrelated. Some of the theories base their explanations on the social and emotional circumstances in the early years of an individual. This Essay aims to analyse the theories of emotion, motivation, and development and apply them to the events and public response to the James Bulger case of 1993. “ ‘I can never forgive Thompson and Venables for the horrendous, calculated, cold blooded murder of James.’ Said Denise Fergus the mother of the boy.” (Day. 2008). In an act that shocked the world, two ten year old boys, Jon Venables and Robert Thompson kidnapped and murdered James Bulger aged just two. The murder of James Patrick Bulger took place in Kirkby, Merseyside, England, on the 12 of February 1993. Bulger was a victim of abduction, torture and murder by two 10-year-old boys, named Robert Thompson (born 23rd August 1982) and the other one named Jon Venables (born 13th August 1982). It started with Bulger's disappearance on the 12 of February 1993...
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...Sci Eng Ethics (2011) 17:597–605 DOI 10.1007/s11948-010-9213-7 Teaching Ethics to Engineers: Ethical Decision Making Parallels the Engineering Design Process Bridget Bero • Alana Kuhlman Received: 14 January 2010 / Accepted: 18 May 2010 / Published online: 4 June 2010 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract In order to fulfill ABET requirements, Northern Arizona University’s Civil and Environmental engineering programs incorporate professional ethics in several of its engineering courses. This paper discusses an ethics module in a 3rd year engineering design course that focuses on the design process and technical writing. Engineering students early in their student careers generally possess good black/white critical thinking skills on technical issues. Engineering design is the first time students are exposed to ‘‘grey’’ or multiple possible solution technical problems. To identify and solve these problems, the engineering design process is used. Ethical problems are also ‘‘grey’’ problems and present similar challenges to students. Students need a practical tool for solving these ethical problems. The stepwise engineering design process was used as a model to demonstrate a similar process for ethical situations. The ethical decision making process of Martin and Schinzinger was adapted for parallelism to the design process and presented to students as a step-wise technique for identification of the pertinent ethical issues, relevant moral theories, possible...
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...African Journal of Business Management Vol.6 (22), pp. 6456-6464, 6 June, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM DOI: 10.5897/AJBM11.2673 ISSN 1993-8233 ©2012 Academic Journals Review Key issues in cross-cultural business communication: Anthropological approaches to international business Tian Guang* and Dan Trotter Shantou University, Shantou City, Guangdong Province, Southern China. Accepted 8 March, 2012 Cultural factors have long been known to influence the communication and success potential of competition. Cultural awareness shapes how business firms behave in cross-culturally reflected international markets. It is broadly recognized that cultural factors act as invisible barriers in international business communications. Understanding cultural differences is one of the most significant skills for firms to develop in order to have a competitive advantage in international business. This paper probes some key elements of cross-cultural issues in international business communication and provides a framework for creating competitive advantage for firms engaged in international business. Culture affects many aspects of international business communication. It impacts free trade policies, localization and standardization strategy decisions, advertising, brand effectiveness, business relationships, international business management, international marketing, international negotiation, and consumer behavior. Seven themes are suggested as guidelines...
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...Stephen Uphus Developmental Psych 360 3-17-14 Maturation & Experience When thinking about maturation, it is important to remember it is not just a stagnant entity bestowed upon us through our genetic code, although it may have a slight effect. Maturation is a constant in our lives that varies based on a physical, emotional, and psychological basis for every person. Because of this, the experiences that we go through in life have an effect on how we mature. Therefore, our experiences drive our maturation, as well as visa versa. Keep in mind that maturation is both physical and cognitive. In this essay I will argue that there are many experiences that shape our maturation as well as how different paths of maturity can have an effect on our everyday lives and in different contexts. The role of genetics, although not the central focus of this essay, still has a relevant place in the maturation and experience argument. Every single person has a genetic makeup that influences the kinds of experiences that they seek and have throughout their lifetime (Scarr & McCartney, 1983). This means that there are some genes that shape our development and are central in determining what our individual experiences are. A simple example of this can be seen through observing infants. A baby that is constantly crying is more likely to be held by their parents more in order to keep the baby calm and stable. Conversely, a quiet baby will be held less because it appears that they are content with...
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...Journal of Science Education and Technology, Vol. 15, No. 1, March 2006 ( C 2006) DOI: 10.1007/s10956-006-0355-6 Factors Affecting Junior High School Students’ Interest in Physics1 Ricardo Trumper2,3 We report the results of a study on students’ interest in physics at the end of their compulsory schooling in Israel carried out in the framework of the ROSE Project. Factors studied were their opinions about science classes, their out-of-school experiences in physics, and their attitudes toward science and technology. Students’ overall interest in physics was “neutral” (neither positive nor negative), with boys showing a higher interest than girls. We found a strong correlation between students’ “neutral” interest in physics and their negative opinions about science classes. These findings raise serious questions about the implementation of changes made in the Israeli science curriculum in primary and junior high school, especially if the goal is to prepare the young generation for life in a scientific-technological era. A more in-depth analysis of the results led us to formulate curricular, behavioral, and organizational changes needed to reach this goal. KEY WORDS: interest; junior high school students; physics. INTRODUCTION As noted by Osborne et al. (2003), “the investigation of students’ attitudes towards studying science has been a substantive feature of the work of the science education research community for the past 30–40 years” (p. 1049). Its importance is emphasized...
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...skills, knowledge and understanding of communications technologies and the content they watch and listen to either through broadcasting or online. Ofcom defines media literacy as the ability to access, understand and create communications in a variety of contexts. We have published our strategy and priorities for the promotion of media literacy and these can be found on our website. In October 2004 we commissioned Professor David Buckingham and Professor Sonia Livingstone to report on recent relevant academic and other publicly-available research into children’s and adults’ media literacy respectively. The purpose of this work was to outline the range of studies conducted, the gaps in research, provide examples of innovative methodologies, and outline possible barriers and enablers to media literacy identified by these studies. These reviews have admirably fulfilled their task, and provide a stimulating point of departure for informing and refining research strategies and methodologies. Some of the recommendations can be taken forward by Ofcom; others may be more relevant to other stakeholders including content producers, broadcasters, platform and network providers, educators, government departments, parents, children’s charities and other organisations. The assumptions,...
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...Chapter 5 Corruption and the watchdog role of the news media Sheila Coronel The notion of the press as watchdog is more than 200 years old. Yet the idea of vigilant media monitoring government and exposing its excesses has gained new traction in many parts of the world. Globalization, the fall of authoritarian and socialist regimes, and the deregulation of the media worldwide have fuelled a renewed interest in ––as well as a surge in efforts by various groups to support–– “watchdogging” by the media. Since the late 17th Century, classical liberal theorists had argued that publicity and openness provide the best protection from the excesses of power. The idea of the press as Fourth Estate, as an institution that exists primarily as a check on those in public office, was based on the premise that powerful states had to be prevented from overstepping their bounds. The press working independently of government, even as its freedoms were guaranteed by the state, was supposed to help ensure that this was so. The 1980s and 1990s saw the revival of this centuries‐old notion and its application especially to “transition societies” then emerging from the ruins of socialist and authoritarian regimes. It had resonance among citizens facing pervasive corruption, weak rule of law, and predatory or incompetent governments unable to deliver basic services. Today even in countries ...
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...CASE: E308 DATE: 02/14/08 ENDEAVOR Endeavor was formed for the purpose of promoting entrepreneurs in emerging markets, beginning in Latin America. Its basic model is to link up small and midsize businesses with seasoned entrepreneurs so that little guys and gals can get the advice and contacts they need to grow their companies into bigger businesses that can employ more people—the best antipoverty program of all. —Thomas L. Friedman, from his book, The World is Flat (version 3.0) It was July 2007, and Linda Rottenberg, cofounder and CEO of Endeavor—a nonprofit dedicated to transforming the economies of emerging markets by identifying and supporting high-impact entrepreneurs—was preparing for a quarterly meeting with the global board of directors. She leafed through a copy of the 2007 Impact Report, checking over the newly published figures one more time. In its 10-year history, Endeavor had selected 272 promising entrepreneurs in eight countries, after screening 15,500 candidates, and then helped them develop and grow their businesses through ongoing mentorship and guidance. Rottenberg was proud of the organization’s accomplishments, but she also knew there was no time for complacency. With aggressive goals for international expansion, the board would definitely want to hear an update on Rottenberg’s growth strategy. The directors had also asked to discuss the recent surge in corporate partnership opportunities and long-term plans for funding Endeavor’s...
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...Chapter 5 Corruption and the watchdog role of the news media Sheila Coronel The notion of the press as watchdog is more than 200 years old. Yet the idea of vigilant media monitoring government and exposing its excesses has gained new traction in many parts of the world. Globalization, the fall of authoritarian and socialist regimes, and the deregulation of the media worldwide have fuelled a renewed interest in ––as well as a surge in efforts by various groups to support–– “watchdogging” by the media. Since the late 17th Century, classical liberal theorists had argued that publicity and openness provide the best protection from the excesses of power. The idea of the press as Fourth Estate, as an institution that exists primarily as a check on those in public office, was based on the premise that powerful states had to be prevented from overstepping their bounds. The press working independently of government, even as its freedoms were guaranteed by the state, was supposed to help ensure that this was so. The 1980s and 1990s saw the revival of this centuries‐old notion and its application especially to “transition societies” then emerging from the ruins of socialist and authoritarian regimes. It had resonance among citizens facing pervasive corruption, weak rule of law, and predatory or incompetent governments unable to deliver basic services. Today even in countries ...
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...leader cannot afford to stick his or her head in the sand whenever change is occurring and hope the situation will quietly pass them by. Learning to manage high-velocity change is one of the most important leadership skills for a person to master for themselves, their employees, and the organization. What Leaders Need To Know About Managing Change Many of the changes that occurred in the last 18 months were unpredictable, or at least unpredicted, like the crash of the housing market, the collapse of numerous home mortgage and lending institutions, the near meltdown of the big-three U. S. automakers, and the millions of unemployed workers. The implication of the unpredictable nature of change for organizations is clear: although in many cases they may not be able to anticipate change, they can always be fast adapters (Lawler, et al., 2006). In uncertain and rapidly changing environments, organizations are challenged to accomplish two often-conflicting objectives: performing well against a current set of environmental demands and changing themselves to face future business environments (Lawler, et al., 2006). To meet these objectives, the organization must be able to count on the leaders at all levels to understand and adapt to these ever-changing environments. Simply stated, the challenge for organizations is to perform so well and change so fast that they string together a series of competitive...
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...Running head: DOPING IN CYCLING 25 June 2014 Utrecht School of Economics The Economics of Doping: policy advices to create a level-playing field in professional cycling. Authors: Danilo Fattorini (3790215) Orkhan Hajizada (3773663) Supervisors: Drs. Erwin van Sas (USE) Dr. Tineke Lambooy (RGL) Group Supervisor: Drs. Erwin van Sas Table of Contents Abstract3 Introduction4 1. Institutional Framework7 1.1. Embeddedness7 1.2. Institutional Environment9 1.2.1. Formal Institutions9 1.2.2. Informal institution – the doping market112 1.3. Governance14 1.4. Resource Allocation and Employment16 2. Decision-making process16 2.1. Prize money and Doping17 2.2. Health and Doping22 2.3. Size of Punishment and Probability of Detection 23 2.3.1. Doping game: introduction26 2.3.2. Theoretical example using real numbers 30 2.4. Number of participants and Doping 34 2.5. Conclusion 37 3. Policy advices38 3.1. Efficiency Comparison 38 3.2. Application of Criminal Law 41 Conclusion42 Bibliography44 Appendix A: Interview with Filippo Simeoni49 Appendix B: Interview with Axel Dekker55 Abstract Sports victories are often strived to at the cost of sportsmen’s integrity, reputation, health, security, or even life. The tendency to use performance-enhancing drugs is shaped by factors characterizing the institutional framework. In particular, the prize money, health costs, severity and frequency of punishment, and number of participants are...
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...the long hours I spent at their libraries. This work would have made no sense with the input of The Daily Nation Newspaper’s news editor Eric Shimoli and Senior reporter John Ngirach as well as the Standard’s Foreign Editor Andrew Kipkemboi and Senior reporter Cyrus Ombati. Through candid interviews these respected journalists gave me invaluable information. Finally I would like to express special thanks to all the other people, whose names are not listed here, for their help and willingness to explain their opinion, and to share their stories. ABSTRACT The study is a content analysis of The Daily Nation and The Standard newspapers in Kenya; the two leading dailies with widest range of coverage. It examines how the print media covered the Kenyan military incursion into Somalia in 2011. Content analysis was supplemented by in-depth interviews from the editors of both newspapers under study and journalists who covered the incursion. The results show that the Daily Nation had the highest number of...
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...CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the study The middle school years are a critical turning point in young peoples’ lives. At ages 11-14 years, children go through the early adolescence stage. Adolescence is an important period when a child adjusts physically, learns new cognitive abilities, forms positive social relationships, develops a positive sense of self, and forges a personal code of ethics and morality (Eccles, Midgley,1989;Jackson & Davis,2000). Schools, along with peers and families, play an important role in fostering young peoples’ healthy development through the adolescent years (Meece, 2003). Thus, ignoring the developmental needs of students in school might result in the students developing a wrong notion of school until adulthood. Students’ eagerness and motivation to go to high school may decline as they go through their first year in high school if they may still lack the interaction they need to become familiar with and to be exposed to the high school’s norms and environment (Eccles & Midgley, 1989) (Barone, Aguirre-Deandreis, & Trickett, 1991). First year students tend to become lost in the “new world” they are in (Mizelle, 1995; Phelan, Yu, & Davidson, 1994) as they are expected to be more independent in high school, with less spoon-feeding of information and more application of good study habits. The new first year students are expected to be more mature as they deal with new classroom subjects, adopt a better value system, and be...
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