Chapter 5: Properties of Matter
Matter is anything that has a mass and takes up space. The particle theory of matter is a theory that describes the composition and behavior. Matter can be many up of many different particles or only one. A pure substance is a type of matter that consists of only one type of particle. Then there are mixtures that are made up of at least two different types of particles. There are two different types of mixtures; mechanical mixtures and solutions. A mechanical mixture is a mixture in which the substances in it are distinguishable from each other, either with the unaided eye or a microscope. A solution looks like a pure substance but it contains more than one type of particle. Alloys are when two or more metals are mixed together.
A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be determined without changing the composition of that substance. A qualitative physical property is not measured and includes hardness, malleability and electrical conductivity. Quantitative physical properties are measured and include temperature, height and mass. A physical change is a change is which the composition of the substance remains unaltered and no new substances are produced Examples of physical change are a change of size or shape, a change of state, and dissolving.
A chemical property is a property of a substance that describes its ability to undergo changes to its composition to produce one or more new substances. A chemical; change is a change is the starting substance or substances and the production of one or more new substances. Evidence of chemical change includes; color change, odor change, gas production, precipitate production, energy change.
A characteristic physical property is a physical property that is unique to a pure substance and that can be used to identify the substance. Density is a measure of how much mass