...Greek and Roman Architecture Melisa Hart ART/101 September 7, 2014 Caleb Kromer Write a summary comparing the characteristics and innovations of each Greek and Roman architecture in 200 to 300 words. Greek architecture inspired Roman architecture, so they have several similarities between them. Together they have created classical architecture that is still greatly remember to this day, but they also share a lot of differences. Most Greek architecture was built to honor their gods, great detail on the outside and inside. Many of the buildings that were built have unique columns, which are used for support, and most of the buildings are more rectangular. The Greeks building many temples. The Greeks developed a set of orders that has a separate type of architecture that is better used in the three orders first Doric, second Iconic, and third Corinthian. The First Temple of Hera is a good example of how the Greeks used columns in their structures. The structure of The Lion Gate in Greece is another example of Greek architecture. This type of building uses post-and-lintel construction, which is something else that the Greeks were famous for. The Romans used more concrete in their structures than the Greeks. The use of concrete allowed them to make larger buildings and unique structures. More of the Roman buildings are preserved than the Greeks due to the use of concrete as well. The Colosseum in Rome is a great example of a famous piece of architecture built from the...
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...In Western culture the Greeks and Romans are citizens of the two most celebrated ancient cultures. “Classical art” was referred to the art of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture which the three primary areas of classical art are painting, architecture, and sculpture. The differences between Greek and Rome art are both interesting and significant for identification. Historically, the Greeks were the primary influences of the Romans in terms of artwork. The most obvious difference between Greek and Roman architecture is the material used. The Greeks used marble and the Romans used concrete. Greek sculptures are associated with white marble, Greek sculpture in the early classical period was often made in bronze during the high classical period. They were made from white marble and were often painted. Roman sculptors also used primarily white marble, though they did not paint their sculptures as Greeks did. Throughout the classical period Greek sculpture consisted primarily of depictions of Gods, mythological scenes and figures. These figures are often sculpted as "heroic nudes," in which the male figure is idealized. Although Roman sculpture, which features many copies of Greek sculptures, is also apprehensive with mythology. Romans often storied emperors and naturalistic examples of noble individuals. The Greeks not only had free-standing sculptures, but also sculpture worked into architecture. The panels primarily ran in horizontal strips above architectural...
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...and as a result many aspects of their architecture. But, once the Romans had adopted their style of architecture they rarely changed it. A very important example of this exception is how they adopted their style with Greek elements that they liked. One instance in which this is shown is the Temple of Apollo in Pompeii. It is a rectangular building, with Doric columns surrounding the entire structure, as well as a large and intricate statue of Apollo, both hallmarks of Greek architecture. A case in which the Romans used some Etruscan elements is the Capitoline Temple in Rome. Once the Romans came in contact with the Greeks, they used some of their components, but they always stayed true...
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...Compare/Contrast Greek and Roman Art and Architecture Since the onset of Greek and Roman civilizations centuries ago we have seen the art and architectural worlds evolve into what we know them as today. In fact, many of the ancient Greek styles were duplicated by the Romans and modified to suit their needs. We can still see a lot of Greek and Roman influences in the present day, especially in the architectural world. Below I will cite some examples of Greek and Roman pieces of art and a structure from each culture and detail some similarities as well as some contrasting values. I’d like to begin by comparing some pieces of art. In The Fallen Warrior (Greece) and The Dying Gaul (Roman copy) both clearly represent a tragic event. Both subjects are leaning on the ground and seem to be dying but the reality of the event is more evident in the Gaul sculpture. The wound is clearly visible and the anguish of the subject is captured in his poise. Conversely the subject of the Warrior piece looks rather content and shows no visible injury. Both works are roughly the same size and represent a relatively perfect human structure with attention to muscular detail as well as an idealization of the human body. However, the Warrior sculpture shows less optical fact and more stylization as far as the eyes, mouth and beard are concerned when compared to the almost true to nature elements of the Gaul piece. This shows how some of the Greek foundation was carried along but modified...
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...Compare/Contrast Greek and Roman Art and Architecture Since the onset of Greek and Roman civilizations centuries ago we have seen the art and architectural worlds evolve into what we know them as today. In fact, many of the ancient Greek styles were duplicated by the Romans and modified to suit their needs. We can still see a lot of Greek and Roman influences in the present day, especially in the architectural world. Below I will cite some examples of Greek and Roman pieces of art and a structure from each culture and detail some similarities as well as some contrasting values. I’d like to begin by comparing some pieces of art. In The Fallen Warrior (Greece) and The Dying Gaul (Roman copy) both clearly represent a tragic event. Both subjects are leaning on the ground and seem to be dying but the reality of the event is more evident in the Gaul sculpture. The wound is clearly visible and the anguish of the subject is captured in his poise. Conversely the subject of the Warrior piece looks rather content and shows no visible injury. Both works are roughly the same size and represent a relatively perfect human structure with attention to muscular detail as well as an idealization of the human body. However, the Warrior sculpture shows less optical fact and more stylization as far as the eyes, mouth and beard are concerned when compared to the almost true to nature elements of the Gaul piece. This shows how some of the Greek foundation was carried along but modified by the Romans. ...
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...thrived for centuries. While the Romans did face adversity, they overcame their foes and prospered due to their colossal infrastructure. The systems that they constructed played a major role in the expansion and stability of both the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Roman architects greatly admired Greek design, and because of this much of Roman architecture was based on that of the Greeks. While the Romans did borrow from the style developed by the Greeks, they did not copy their designs, but built on them. The Romans were very innovative in the styles and processes that they used in their constructs. Among their great architectural achievements are the development of the arch, the dome, and the aqueduct (Cartwright Architecture). The implementation of these design concepts allowed the Romans to build monumental structures that were supported by physics instead of countless pillars. Another milestone in their ability to build on such...
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...Buddhism & Hinduism "Buddhism, in its origin at least is an offshoot of Hinduism." (S.Rahdhakrishnan) Guatam Buddha, the founder of Buddhism was born and brought up and lived and left this materialistic world as a Hindu. And this particular evidence is enough to explain that the concept of Hinduism predates to that of Buddhism. Hinduism, better known as the 'Sanatan Dharma' to the Hindus, is believed to be the oldest religion in the history of human civilisation. Practiced majorly in the secular India, the origin of Hinduism is still a mystery! According to the historians, the origin of Hinduism dates back to 5000 or more years, whereas, the origin of Buddhism came into existence in a much later period, that is in & around 563 BC. After Lord Buddha achieved enlightenment, He preached whatever He learnt from His experiences and His teachings came to be known as Buddhism and were well received by the people. It was during the later part of the Vedic Era, when Hinduism was on the verge of decline owing to the orthodoxy, superstitions and staunch practices, prevailing in the religion, when Buddhism with lesser complexities and rituals was accepted by the common people of India. This was the time when Buddhism arose out of the atheistic strands of Hinduism. It is a fact that Buddhism evolved and developed because of the complex nature evolving in Hinduism, but still despite some differences, these two sects have a lot of things in common. Similarities between Hinduism...
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...Greek and Roman Architecture Jennifer Thackrah ART 101 May 24, 2013 Harvey Tidwell Greek and Roman Architecture The art of architecture has been around for thousands of years. Some of the most extravagant and amazing architectural designs and inventions came from the ancient Greek and Roman time period. Proven to be masters in architecture, the Greeks and Romans created vast structures using techniques and inventions that we have adopted and still use today. Greek architecture was quite elaborate in its time. Greek structures were characteristically massive and extremely long and more commonly known for their temples. In addition, the Greeks also choose the placement of their temples atop higher ground overlooking the city so the structure could be seen from all over (Sayre, 2009). The Greeks used load-bearing construction to bear the weight of the structures' roof. Furthermore, post-and-lintel construction was also an essential technique used in all Greek architecture. Post-and-lintel construction used horizontal beams that were supported at the ends by a wall or vertical posts (Sayre, 2009). The vertical posts or columns used in post-and-lintel construction were composed using several large pieces of stone called drums (Sayre, 2009). Each drum had grooves carved into them that helped line the drums up evenly into a single column. The columns tapered at the top and bottom to help the columns look vertical; this technique is called entasis (Sayre, 2009). The Greeks developed...
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...Greek and Roman Architecture ART/101 5/15/2013 Mary Douglass Axia College of University of Phoenix Art takes forms in many different ways and has been around from the beginning of creation. In fact creation itself can be considered as art. The Greek and Roman architecture began around in the 600 BC, during the archaic period, according to scholastic web site Greek art and architecture reached its distinctive style. Greek architecture influenced Roman architecture and there are similarities in their art, culture and styles, yet there are also many differences because both the Greeks and the Romans techniques have unique characteristics. Greek architecture is featured by three distinct architectural types, which are the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian, but they hardly use the Corinthian themselves, rather in later years it became the standard order in Roman architecture. In ancient times the heavier Doric order was considered masculine and the Ionic order graceful and feminine (Sayre 2010). Greeks effectively used these architectural styles in constructing buildings, theaters and temples. The Doric style was primarily used in mainland Greece with a further spread to the Greek settlements in Italy. The Ionic style was used in Ionia and the Aegean islands. The Doric style was more rigid and formal, whereas the Ionic was more decorative and calm and the Corinthian is more organic and still (Sayre 2010). The styles are mostly reflected in the three orders of column capitals...
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...Greek Cultures Government Geographical Terrain Economics and Trade Practices Art and Architecture Philosophical and Religious Beliefs City-states • Largest: Athens (Sayre, 2013) • Ruled by Democracy (Sayre, 2013) Three Social Classes: • Upper class (Sayre, 2013) • Middle class (Sayre, 2013) • Lower class (Sayre, 2013) Greek Islands were in the Southeastern corner of Europe, and were divided into two peninsulas (Ancient Greece Geography, 2012). Mountainous terrain and rugged coastlines, which offered good protection, but made it difficult for communication and trading (Ancient Greece Geography, 2012). Greeks attempted sophisticated economic analysis. They made and traded in both local and long distances, and had money to do so (Sayre, 2013). Because of the mountainous terrain, city-states used trade by sea (Sayre, 2013). The economy was focused on importing goods due to poor soil quality (Sayre, 2013). In 6th Century B.C, commerce and craftsmanship were developed (Sayre, 2013). Because the lives of the Greeks were dominated by their religion, their temples were by far the largest and prettiest (Sayre, 2013). The Greeks made three individual architectural systems, which were called orders, and each one had its own unique size and detailing (Sayre, 2013). Three orders: • Doric • Ionic • Corinthian This Parthenon belongs to the Greek goddess of wisdom, Athena Parthenos, and belongs to the Doric order (Sayre, 2013). This...
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...Greek and Roman culture, although similar, are very different and interesting. Since the Romans adopted culture from the Greeks, many traditions are the same. When the Romans conquered the Hellenistic cities, they became fascinated with the idea of a Greek style of doing things. All things Greek were now considered popular. This is how much of the Greek way of life made its way into the Roman society. The first part of culture that the Romans adopted was the Greek art. Scores of Greek paintings were stolen from Greece and imported into the Roman Empire. Roman artists began adopting the Greek style of art, from the emotional intensity to the great detail. “In many cases, it is very difficult to distinguish between Hellenistic works, Roman copies of Greek works, and Roman originals.”The Romans helped to preserve much of the Greek art, which might have otherwise been destroyed. Another thing that the Romans and the Greeks have in common is the beautiful architecture. Roman architecture, although similar to Greek architecture in the beginning of its popularity, changes a little in the course of Roman history. First of all, the Romans could build bigger and better buildings with the primitive concrete that they developed, something which the Greeks didn’t have. Roman architecture also had many more arches and domes, something which the Greeks didn’t use. Another difference in the architecture is the long and useful aqueduct system. This was developed by...
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...Ancient Greek and Roman sculpture The sculpture of the Greeks and Romans represents one of the major arts of antiquity. It is diverse in its function. Greek monumental sculptures were developed on the islands of the Aegean and Crete in the middle of seventh century B.C. The adaptation of figures and technologies are borrowed from the Near East and Egypt make a new artistic idiom suitable to the needs of the individual city-states and the Greek sanctuaries. In around a century and a half, the developments rapidly led to the birth of Classical art that show the distinctiveness of the human figure. Sculpture was the perfect means for the expression of the new Classical ideal. There are three major periods of ancient Greek and Roman sculptures which are differentiated by their style and their function. The earliest sculptures appear in the Archaic period around 8th - 7th century BC. The sculptures illustrate form of small figures of men, animals, and gods in bronze, clay, or stone the usually standing or seated. The form is called Daedalic with a form of big heads, frontal figures, and triangular faces. In the late of the 7th century the Greeks aware of the Egypt sculpture and they change to make larger figures in hard white marble from the Cyclades islands. There are two main types of the figure, “the kouroi” who are naked males standing with one foot forward, hands to sides, and the korai, who are dressed in women. They are used for decorating buildings or dedications for the...
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...In Western culture the Greeks and Romans are citizens of the two most celebrated ancient cultures. “Classical art” was referred to the art of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture which the three primary areas of classical art are painting, architecture, and sculpture. The differences between Greek and Rome art are both interesting and significant for identification. Historically, the Greeks were the primary influences of the Romans in terms of artwork. The most obvious difference between Greek and Roman architecture is the material used. The Greeks used marble and the Romans used concrete. Greek sculptures are associated with white marble, Greek sculpture in the early classical period was often made in bronze during the high classical period. They were made from white marble and were often painted. Roman sculptors also used primarily white marble, though they did not paint their sculptures as Greeks did. Throughout the classical period Greek sculpture consisted primarily of depictions of Gods, mythological scenes and figures. These figures are often sculpted as "heroic nudes," in which the male figure is idealized. Although Roman sculpture, which features many copies of Greek sculptures, is also apprehensive with mythology. Romans often storied emperors and naturalistic examples of noble individuals. The Greeks not only had free-standing sculptures, but also sculpture worked into architecture. The panels primarily ran in horizontal strips above architectural columns...
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...Brown Honors World History 14 April 2013 Roman and Greeks Correlations There are many differences between the Greeks and Romans. There are so many similarities between the two because Romans adopted the Greek religion and everything they did in life. One difference between them is the religion even though the Romans adopted it there are differences. Another difference is architecture like the Greeks the Romans also did gods for their architecture, but there are many differences. The last difference would have to be art while the Greeks did body the Romans did nature and power. Even though they were the same almost there are many different correlations. First one thing that was the same with the Greeks and Romans but had different attributes was architecture. One difference between their architecture was the materials. The early classical period of Greece used bronze. bowserguy62 When they started to advance they used white marble and painted it. The Romans also used white marble to make their architecture however they didn’t paint it. Another example is their styles and inspiration. Greeks often did depictions of their gods in heroic nudes and mainly the male figure was idealized. Even though the Romans did do gods they often did nobles or emperors that were naturalistic. Greeks did sculpture in architecture and also did free- standing sculpture just like the Romans did. When it they did free-standing sculptures the Romans never did it because their sculptures were...
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...Greek Architecture Katisha Baker ART/101 Shahara Godfrey, Ph.D. March 10, 2013 Greek Architecture Greek architecture began to be revitalized during the 7th century. Initially, Greek architecture was constructed from wood and mud. The buildings we see today are made largely of limestone. The three periods expressed in these later building are Classical, Hellenistic and Roman. Limestone was quarried and cut into large blocks dressed to fit the need of the builders. Some buildings were constructed from marble. However, this material was prohibitively expensive. Marble was used for sculpture. The main styles of Greek architecture are Ionic and Doric. The Doric style dominated in most of Greece and in Italy. The Doric style is the more formal of the two, with the Ionic style being more decorative and relaxed. A shining example of Greek architecture in the Doric style is the Parthenon. Roman architecture, which is considered to be more advanced in its design and engineering, uses three types of columns. Their most common type is made in the Doric style. It is plain and was used when very heavy structures required support. The Ionic style was, again, employed when more decorative ends were being met. The third type is the Corinthian style column. It has finer details and is considered superior in many ways to the other two types. Roman architecture also employed the use of arches. These were stunning and baffling in their day. The use of arches led to the development of the...
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