...Soccer Research Paper How Soccer started The history of soccer started long ago, and it’s big now. The Chinese and Japanese people played many different kinds of soccer in ancient times. In fact it really started the whole soccer Industry. 2000 years ago Chinese people kicked and move a ball with their feet to train soldiers. The Han Dynasty of football/soccer was called Tsu’ Chu and they kicked a ball made of leather with feathers inside through an opening. Another game that is almost like Tsu’ Chu is Kemari which is still played today. The Greeks and Romans also played many different forms of soccer in ancient times, that were fun. A game played by the Romans was Harpastum. In this game 27 men played on each side, and it was so rough and crazy that 2 thirds of the men had to be hospitalized after a game. Soccer/football was hard and you need to have technique and talent for it, so they used it to train soldiers. Football was believed to came from Harpastum. The game was brought to Britain from the Greeks and Romans. Another game played was Episkyros by the Greeks. Football was first called soccer by people in Britain. It started in Britain but now the Americans use the term soccer to distinguish it from football. The English rarely used the term soccer, preferring to call it football. Around this time in England, the term “soccer” was used as a British slang word. In the centuries that were passing, it revealed a lot of different games going back to the...
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...ABSTRACT In response for a written description or example on any systems concept of General Systems Theory, this is a research assignment on the concept of Isomorphism including an explanation of a real world application to study translation process in a Norwegian football club by a Faculty of Sports and Health, Hedmark University College, Elverum, Norway. "General System Theorists strive to find concepts, principles and patterns between differing systems so that they can be readily applied and transferred from one system to another" (Wikipedia). General systems theorists are thankful to the Mathematicians for introducing the concept of Isomorphism, named after the Greek words "Isos" and "Morphe" meaning equal and shape respectively. Isomorphism does not have a standardized definition for itself. The closest possible standard definition would be "Isomorphism is the formal mapping between complex structures where the two structures contain equal or similar parts" (Wikipedia). Identifying isomorphism between two modeled systems is a powerful tool of systems theory which propagates knowledge and understanding between different domains or groups, thereby connecting them like a string of relation. Most important application of the concept of isomorphism in systems perspective, is by comparing a prototype or a synthetic model to that of a naturally occurring, real existing model. System theorists build models to potentially solve business, engineering and scientific problems...
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...Abstract This paper explores the movie “Any Given Sunday” and attempts to discuss the movie in detail by focusing on character examples of the personal functions of sport such as feelings of belongingness and social identification, the socially acceptable outlet for hostile and aggressive feelings, and the role sport plays as a cultural element to bring meaning to life. Additional attention will be given to aspects of extra-sport character behavior and a determination of whether or not such behaviors support sport stereotypes and/or deviant characteristics. Through internet research, library study, and the use of periodical articles found in the ProQuest databases, I intend to apply the functionalist model of society to show that the fictional football team “The Miami Sharks” highlighted in the movie supports stability and equilibrium in the community of Miami based on common interests and convictions. The world of professional sports, especially professional football, is a world that most will only see on the television or through movies. “Any Given Sunday,” by Oliver Stone, is one such movie. It highlights a portion of a season for the fictional team The Miami Sharks with the interpersonal struggles on and off the field experienced by the characters related to the team. This paper explores the movie “Any Given Sunday” and attempts to discuss the movie in detail by focusing on the socially acceptable outlet for hostile and aggressive feelings, masculinity and gender...
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... Barcelona Paris saint Germain Creation of new products Nike hypervenom 3 Nike Air flyknit Vapormax Conclusion References CSM/SFS Report: Nike Introduction This report is was created in order to look at Nike Inc. and the marketing practices of the company. We intend to look extensively at what Nike is and how it markets itself in a variety of ways, these include but are not limited to. Advertisement on TV, in papers/magazines. Sponsorship of successful athletes. Use of social media. Media/Press Releases Creation of new products. Sponsorship of successful sports teams. What is Nike? Nike is an American sportswear company that is headquartered in Oregon, United States. Nike is the largest sportswear company in the world, with revenues of $32.2 billion. (Nike Inc., 2017) Nike was originally founded as Blue Ribbon Sports in 1964 but renamed Nike in 1978 which is the Greek word for “victory”. (Levinson, 2016) Nike has a total of 111m social media followers across all its accounts. Marketing Breakdown Marketing plays a huge role in business in the world today, especially in the highly competitive world of sport. For example, in 2014 Nike Inc. spent over $3 billion on “Demand Creation”. (Powell, 2014) (Nike’s term for marketing) To put this into perspective, Nike spends close to $100 per second or $8,640,000 per day on marketing. In comparison to Nike’s closest competitor...
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...Ingroups, Outgroups, and Their Affect on Behaviors We as humans tend to relate to those that are similar to us, and tend to alienate those that we deem as different than us. Whether it is by race, gender, culture, or religion, it is something that is almost always present in human interactions, and often times can be completely subconscious. In our textbook Interpersonal Communication by Kory Floyd, an ingroup is defined as “A group of people with whom one identifies.” An outgroup is conversely defined as “A group of people whom one does not identify.” Henri Tajfel first coined this terminology while he was working to devise his social identity theory. These ideas of classifying people into ingroups and outgroups can lead to many different social behaviors in society. Three major phenomena that are most commonly linked with ingroups and outgroups are, ingroup bias, social influence, and group homogeneity. Better understanding of these four ideas, and how they work with and against each other will allow for a clearer appreciation of why many different interpersonal interactions take place in the manner that they do. Henri Tajfel pioneered these concepts in 1970 when he was investigating his concept of social identity theory. In his study, titled Experiments in Intergroup Discrimination, the aim of his experiments was to, “Demonstrate that merely putting people into groups (categorization) is sufficient for people to discriminate in favor of their own group and against members...
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...“Down Low”: Homosexuals in the African American Community: Why is it a Taboo Topic? Danielle Carter Senior Seminar HSU 498 Professor Hogan March 25, 2010 Abstract The phenomenon known as the “Down Low” among African American Men who have sex with Men has caused much concern among black community leaders, the general population, and not to mention HIV/AIDS researchers. There are questions which are not being addressed regarding communication patterns of stigmatized groups specifically the “Down Low” group. Why is there little research about the “Down Low”, when there is more than half AAMSM in this world? This paper will explain why so many African American men are on the “Down Low,” why there is a lack of communication when it comes to speaking about the “Down Low. This paper will also help Human Service workers learn how to help AAMSM and their families. “Down Low”: Homosexuals in the African American Community A Review of the Literature Today, while there are men who are openly gay, it seems that the majority of those having sex with men still lead secret lives, products of a black culture that deems masculinity and fatherhood as a black man's primary responsibility (Roscoe, 2008). The “Down Low” culture has grown in recent years out of the shadows and developed its own contemporary institutions for those who know where to look for example...
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...through speeches, civil right protests, or violent rebellion. Robinson did it by playing the sport he loved, baseball. Sports have always had an ability to bring people together, but, in the last century especially, sports have given racial minorities something they can’t find elsewhere; a chance to compete on a level playing field with everyone else. Jackie Robinson showed that race is simply a myth, a superficial characteristic that holds no insight to the physical or mental abilities of a person. Sports by themselves show no racism and serve as a constant reminder of this racial myth. Sadly, people are more reluctant to abandon old beliefs; meaning racism still runs deep in the organizations that are built around these sports. This research paper will focus mainly on three subcategories: 1) The history of the relationship between sports and race in America; 2) How sports have benefited or damaged race relations; 3) Why certain sports are more popular among different races. The history of sports in America dates all the way back to the Native Americans who played an early form of lacrosse that was used for recreation and promoting teamwork. Early settlers didn’t pay much mind to the sports of Native Americans; instead, they were mainly concerned with surviving. In recent years, however, lacrosse has become an increasingly popular mainstream sport, an example showing that sports have no racial boundaries. Through the 1700s and 1800s the main sports being played included cricket...
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...negatively. Ethics is not just for individuals to care about. Governments, organizations, and banks spend a huge amount of money on determent what is ethical and what is not? Companies could lose all their customers if they made an unethical action. Governments could lose all their supporters if had an unethical scandal. Even, celebrities would lose all of his fans if he or she did unethical action such as racism or sexual abused. However, most of companies have guidelines or policies to face and prevent any unethical issues in side the organization against costumers or employees. Business ethics is a very important factor in any companies or organization because it tells how the company thinks about people and their employees. Furthermore, the paper will focus and analysis briefly what is ethics, the four types of ethics, what are the ethical challenges, and how companies deal with ethical action? Body one what is ethics: First of all, the fully understanding of the idea, concept, and meaning of ethics...
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...Investigation of Irregular Classes in the Department of African and Afro-American Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Kenneth L. Wainstein A. Joseph Jay III Colleen Depman Kukowski October 16, 2014 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. 1 II. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................... 7 III. INVESTIGATIVE PLAN AND METHODOLOGY ............................................................ 9 A. B. C. D. E. F. IV. The Scope of the Investigation............................................................................................. 9 Preliminary Steps of the Investigation ...............................................................................10 1. Review Prior Reports .............................................................................................10 2. Consult with District Attorney Woodall and the SBI .......................................10 3. Request Input from the Public..............................................................................11 4. Secure Access to FERPA Information ................................................................11 5. Distribute Broad Document Preservation Directive .........................................11 Collection and Review of Electronic...
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...ANSWER KEY Comma Exercises WR, P1-1 (p 288-9) Directions: Add or delete commas where necessary in the following sentences. If a sentence is correct, write “correct” after it. a. Chinatown is generally considered to be part of the hard-boiled detective genre, but it contains many conventions that make it unlike other detective films. Correct b. As an intern, I learned about all aspects of the broadcasting industry (no comma) and trained specifically in fundraising efforts. c. J.R.R. Tolkien finished writing his draft of The Lord of the Rings trilogy in 1949, but the first book in the series wasn’t published until 1954. d. German shepherds can be gentle guide dogs, or they can be fierce attack dogs. e. Some former professional cyclists claim that performance-enhancing drug use is widespread in cycling, and they argue that no rider can be competitive without doping. 1. Reptiles are cold-blooded (no comma) and are covered with scales. 2. The low-key lighting effect known as chiaroscuro was first used in German Expressionist filmmaking (no comma) and was later seen in American film noir. 3. Freedom is an important value for many Americans, so it is a central theme in much of our political rhetoric. Correct 4. Advertisers use a variety of techniques to grab the audience’s attention and to imprint their messages into consumers’ minds. Correct 5. Many musicians of Bach’s time played several instruments, but few mastered them...
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...General Guide THE LIBRARY www.salford.ac.uk/library Referencing Guide: APA 6th (Harvard) Style Contents Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 2 Part 1: Using In-Text Citations ...................................................................................................................... 3 Direct quotations ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Paraphrasing & summarising .................................................................................................................... 4 Citing multiple sources together ................................................................................................................ 4 Citing a source multiple times in the same paragraph .............................................................................. 5 Citing sources with the same author and year .......................................................................................... 5 Citing authors with the same name ........................................................................................................... 5 Citing corporate authors ............................................................................................................................ 6 Listing different numbers of authors ...................
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...CONTENTS |Introduction |2 | |Main part |3 | |The British. The main features of the British character. |3 | |History of british sport |5 | |Sports invented in Great Britain |6 | |Framework of sport in Britain. |10 | |Modern Sport in Great Britain: Structure, Administration, Funding, Popularity, Sport media and Diseases. |13 | |Elite level sport |15 | |6.1. Elite level team sports |15 | |6.2. Elite level individual sports |22...
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...FSU Winner Florida State’s Caitlin Quinn has been named the NSCA’s Assistant Strength Coach of the Year. http://www.seminoles.com/sports/w-softbl/spec-rel/112613aaa.html Critical Condition A California high school football player is in critical condition after suffering neck and spinal cord injuries during a game. http://www.pe.com/local-news/riverside-county/corona/corona-headlines-index/20131124-santiago-football-player-remains-in-critical-condition.ece State Total More than 4,400 middle and high school student-athletes in Massachusetts suffered head injuries last year, according to reports filed by the schools. http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/11/25/mass-schools-report-head-injuries-among-athletes-compliance-with-concussion-law-rises/njPFK6a92knIhcvY9UGxdN/story.html Refueling Product A new product can allegedly help athletes refuel during competition by providing precise carb and electrolyte recommendations based on a quick analysis of their sweat. http://www.prweb.com/releases/FuelstripMMA/UFCBellator/prweb11284260.htm Vegan Praise Several top athletes credit veganism with playing a key role in their success. http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/health/elite-athletes-reveal-the-vegan-diet-secret-behind-their-success/story-fneuzkvr-1226768537898 Baseline Challenges Three new studies of baseline testing highlight the difficult of accurately assessing an athlete’s true baseline ability. http://www.momsteam.com/studies-show-pitfalls-in-baseline-neurocognitive-testing ...
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...“The Effects of Globalisation on Australia” Economic, Social, Cultural, Environmental and Political Word Count: 1,638 Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 Economic 5 Social 7 Cultural 9 Environmental 10 Political 11 Conclusion 12 References 13 Executive Summary The effects of Globalisation on Australia can be disseminated into a number of different categories. For the purposes of this report five major categories including Economic, Social, Cultural, Environmental and Political have been explored and summarised but is by no means exhaustive. The overall effects and impact of globalisation on Australia may well be positive to the general population, but there will always be those who are disadvantaged, and those who have increased advantages. In this report the authors attempt to separate the above mentioned elements and treat them individually. It should be noted however that it is extremely difficult to do so as many issues interact and overlap with some or all of the elements of globalisation, as globalisation has been in existence since the stone-age. “Just as the concept of globalisation is contested and multifaceted so are the choices available to citizens and governments.”[i] Introduction How one views ‘the effects of globalisation on Australia’ will very much be determined if one defines globalisation in its broader sense or otherwise. Globalisation seems to be the catch phrase of the 21st Century...
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...SCHOOL OF DIVINITY A RESEARCH ON REVELATION 3:1-6 A RESEARCH PAPER SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE BOOK OF REVELATION IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENT IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS IN DIVNITY BY STEPHEN GEDDAM LYNCHBURG, VIRGINIA October 22, 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION 1 CONTEXT 1 HISTORICAL CONTEXT 2 LITERARY CONTEXT 3 ANALYSIS OF TEXT 4 APPLICATION 13 CONCLUSION 17 BIBLIOGRAPHY 20 INTRODUCTION Often we see in many churches that, they appear to be very much alive and spiritually in active in the way they act in those churches. But in reality they are spiritually dead by the circumstance when we get to know more about those churches. This is the same situation that we see with the church in Sardis. Sardis was a wealthy city full of gold taken from the nearby Pactolus River. The city was located on a high hill at the intersection of the five roads. Like the other cities addressed in revelation 2-3, the church of Sardis was probably founded through Paul’s ministry in Ephesus.Revelation 3:1-6 deals with the writings to the angel of the church in Sardis. Well we can see how amazing the writings to the letters of John are for the churches today and for the past 20 centuries and it seems like the problem still exists even now. To welcome at an understanding of this passage briefly, this paper will offer an exegetical...
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