...Overnight delivery of greeting card service by the USPS has the biggest competitor, which is Hallmark Greeting Cards Company. Hallmark is the largest manufacturer of greeting cards in the United States. It has owned the whole greeting cards market for almost 100 years. Hallmark greeting cards, or gifts can be mailed to the customer by the next business day. That is why we could say the Hallmark Greeting Cards Company is the strongest competitor to the overnight night delivery of greeting cards by the USPS. This analysis of the competitor, Hallmark could help the USPS to get succeed in greeting cards market. There are several strengthens of the Hallmark greeting cards. First of all, Hallmark greeting cards has occupied the greeting cards market for 100 years. It is the most successful brand greeting cards at this area because its high quality. The second, Hallmark greeting cards are more attractive than other greeting cards. As we all know, Hallmarks offers or has offered greeting cards, ornaments, and related gift products from many famous licensors, such as: Dream Works Animations, even 20th Century Fox. Most cartoon, and movie figures cannot be published without licenses, but Hallmark has the corporate relationship with those licensors. That is why some figures only could be used by Hallmark. On the other hands, there are several weaknesses of Hallmark greeting cards. First of all, Hallmark greeting cards is limited on languages service. United States is an immigrant country...
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...Italian Culture in America John Smith Psych 105 Dr. Diop Spring, 2012 Italian Culture in America America is known to be the country where most people from outside immigrate to, not only bringing their families but also their traditions with them. “According to the 2000 U.S. Census, almost 16 million Italian Americans live in the United States” (Quagliata, 2011, p. 1). Most immigrants that come to America lose their heritage; however, that is not the case for the Italian culture. Not only did Italians incorporate a style of living in America, they also brought their traditions into the country as well. Some of the customs they brought with them include their food, their game of bocce ball, their religion, and their way of greeting one another. Italian Food When thinking of the Italian culture, the first thing that comes to mind is their food. Cinotto (2000) states, “Since food is a cultural artifact, imbued with meanings and values, the cross-cultural consumption of Italian cuisine is a significant marker of the way in which others see and imagine Italy and the Italians” (p. 1). Pasta, parmesan, and cannoli’s are probably the most popular and most known Italian foods. With the way many Americans fell in love with the Italian food, it soon became part of the American culture as well. The Italian immigrants brought over their historical foods and formed new eating habits for the Americans, and most of the Italian food was shaped in Little Italy where the...
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...Culture Customs and Etiquette when doing Business in Argentina Culture creates who we are as individuals; it guides us in making everyday choices. Our culture sets us aside from others, making us unique. “Culture is a way of life, the behaviors, beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next” (Culture). Argentina’s culture is a unique blend of European and Southern American influences. Spanish is spoken mainly in Argentina, Argentinian Spanish is different from the Spanish spoken in Spain. In some ways it sounds more like Italian than Spanish. There are also many other languages spoken in Argentina, including Italian, German, English, and French (Language in Argentina). The predominant religion of Argentina is Roman Catholic. Although Roman Catholic is the well-known religion, it is not the only religion practiced in Argentina. The country is also home to religions such as Protestants, Muslims, Jews, and other religious groups (Argentina). Visiting or conducting business internationally means mixing with new cultures. Every culture has its own etiquette and customs which if not researched or understood can cause offense or embarrassment. Meetings, gift giving, dress and appearance, greeting, names and titles, personal space and touching, taboos, and negotiations are important key areas for consideration when doing business in Argentina. Meetings ...
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...Introduction The origin of the Chinese culture derives from the Mainland China. This culture is the world’s oldest and most complex civilizations with the history of more than 5,000 years. According to Wikipedia, “Chinese culture (Chinese: 中華文化) is a broad term used to describe the cultural foundation, even among Chinese-speaking regions outside of mainland China.” It is a broad term that covers almost all the aspects of life and the Chinese culture is considered very rich. Culture is defined as “the ideas, beliefs, and customs that are shared and accepted by people in a society” (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 1995). In every culture, one aspect is considered essential and that is politeness. It goes the same with the Chinese culture where politeness is hardly regarded and one element under politeness is highly crucial, which is the importance of ‘face’ or face work. Politeness is best expressed as the practical application of good manners or etiquette. Politeness can vary from one culture to another and what is considered polite in one culture might be considered not in another. Politeness includes behaving and speaking correctly with consideration of other people’s feelings. For example, giving your seat to a disabled person in the LRT. Since culture is considered the institution of life, politeness is highly dependent on its culture. It goes the way the culture goes and it shapes the society under that particular culture through the family up-bringing and also...
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...THE JORDANIAN ARABIC ETIQUETTE OF GREETING AND LEAVE-TAKING Abstract This study mainly talks about politeness of greetings in general and the sociolinguistic politeness in particular in the Jordanian society. It sheds light on the way Jordanian people greet each other in their daily life. Due to the fact that all human beings want to have a peaceful life, their way of communicating with each other has to be a polite one and therefore they adhere to a group of well-established conventions. By doing this, they make their life easier and show more respect, consideration and sentiment for those surrounding them. This study focuses on two important issues; the various patterns of Arabic greetings and the sociolinguistic factors that play an important role in the formation of these patterns. Greeting conventions used by Jordanian people are mainly taken from the Islamic teachings as well as the Arabic traditions. As previously mentioned, people adhere to these conventions in order to keep open and peaceful channels of communication with each other. This study also discusses the factors that play role in forming greetings by Jordanian people including gender, age, context of situation, and time. The sociolinguistic factors that play a role in forming greetings involve two rules; the socio-cultural and the socio-religious rules. Introduction This study aims to shed lights on the various patterns of greetings used by Jordanian people in their daily life. It is important...
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...examines the perceptions and meanings of touch behavior. It has been researched that this behavior is often used to fulfill communication functions like those involved in greetings. This might be why Ruth’s friend Julie touched me during out greeting, she was displaying haptics as a way to fulfill the greeting. Julie may also have just felt comfortable around me and this was...
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...Individual Cultural Communication “Ethiopian Culture” Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Discussion of the Ethiopian culture’s pattern of communication using Purnell’s Domains of culture as a guide The Purnell’s model for cultural competence is a circular model made up of four rings. They include the global society, community, family and person. Global society which is the outer most ring represents aspects such as world politics and communications, global exchanges in fields of commerce, health and technology, war, famine and the increasing ability or people to tour the world while interacting with people from diverse cultures. The second ring which is labelled community represents people whore share a common interest or have a common identity and live in a specific locality. The third is labelled family and it represents two or more people that are emotionally involved. The fourth one is labelled person and it represents the human being who is constantly adapting. The interior of these four rings is divided into twelve wedges that show cultural domains and their concepts. The core of the circle is left empty to depict the unknown aspects of a cultural group. The twelve domains include heritage, communication, family organization, workforce issues, bio cultural ecology, high risk behavior, nutrition, child bearing practices, death rituals, religious practices and health care practices. Nurses can use the...
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...How to Make a Good First Impression I. Introduction A. Have you ever met someone and walked away with "freak" or "loser" in mind? B. Most of us would like to believe that we don’t judge others. While this may be somewhat true, we often make assumptions about an individual based on the first impression. C. Creating a great greeting, observing how you are dressed, and Being aware of your body language are tips for how to make a good first impression D. There are several tips on how to make a great first impression in any situation. II. Body A. Create a great greeting. 1. This takes a little research in cultural competency and knowing who you will be greeting. You want to make sure your smile, words, and handshake are all appropriate. 2. In some cultures bowing may be more appropriate than handshakes, while in other cultures the degree of an appropriate smile varies. Create the perfect greeting for your particular situation. B. Observe how you are dressed. 1. This does not simply include your clothes, but also accessories. People tend to make a lot of assumptions based on your physical presentation. 2. People may say that looks aren’t everything, but would you really trust a psychologist in their pajamas and sporting bedhead? C. Be aware of your body language. 1. Your body language includes facial expressions, your posture, the way you shake hands. Body language is a vital part of making good first impressions. 2. I often show a lot of my feelings and...
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...1 Individualistic vs. collectivistic cultures 2.1.2 High- vs. low-context cultures 2.1.3 Face-saving 2.2. Vietnamese vs. American communication styles 2.2.1 Ways of greetings 2.2.2 Topics for conversation 2.2.3 Silence and Eye contact 2.2.4 Touching 2.2.5 Other nonverbal gestures 3. Cross-cultural communication strategies Conclusion Introduction Cross-cultural encounters have long provided a great source of interest for research. Globalization has increased contact between people from different cultures, but it has not evened out cultural differences as much as expected. The divergence of perspectives continues to survive in communication between people from different cultures such as Vietnamese and American. This paper aims to address the issues of intercultural communication between the Vietnamese and Americans in daily life. By juxtaposing the main traits of the two cultures while some common cultural misinterpretations are listed, I wish to give a comprehensive look at the Vietnamese- American daily communication, meanwhile improve mutual understanding and relation between the two countries. In the first part, I will examine theories of inter-cultural communication. Next, I will explore the perceptions underlying Vietnamese-American interaction, and penetrate the ways of greetings and making conversation between the two cultures. In the last part, I will suggest some strategies...
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...Culture In Cambodia Cambodian culture has a rich and diverse history of the past few centuries, and was greatly influenced by India. Throughout the long history of Cambodia, the main source of inspiration was from religion. Each of the countries in the world has different cultures and how they preserve their culture. Khmer culture is very hierarchical. The greater the age, the greater the level of respect that should be given to them. Most of the population in Cambodia is still a closed-minded in dealing with culture or status among them. When husband and wife become too old to support themselves, they may invite the youngest families to move and take over the conduct of household. At this stage in their lives, they enjoy a high status position. Individual Khmer is surrounded by a small circle of family and friends that form or the closest associates, those he would approach first for help. Family consisting of husband and wife and their children who are unmarried, is the most important relationship. In these units are strong emotional ties, security assistance if a problem, economic cooperation in labour, sharing of revenue and income, and contributions as a ritual obligation of the unit. In rural communities, neighbours who are often also his possible role. In rural Cambodia, the Khmer may develop a strong relationship-other than those to the nuclear family is a close and members of other friends local communities. Strong feelings of pride, village, district, and...
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...of a same word in the culture difference. A serious question may therefore bring great laghter, while an innocuous statement horrible anger,which caused by culture difference. Experts in sociology claimed that every single culture is distinctive. The word 'culture' is defined as follow in Oxford Advanced Learner's English Chinese Dictionary: customs,arts, social institutions, etc of a particular group or people. Among all distinctions, difference in daily life plays a special role. More details of lifes oversees are shown with the rapid development of communication and media. Facing that very difference between the Chinese and the American however, seems to have led to confusion and even further, false and unscientific evaluation, thus the eventual cultural conflict and descrimination. This paper will therefore focus on the distinction of the Chinese and American culture from the aspect of daily communication . 2.The Importance of Cross-Cultural Communication Because of various reasons, there are a lot of cultural differences between China and the U.S. This creates a barrier for cross-cultural communications. Due to globalization and social development, all countries are essentially living in a "global village", and cross-cultural communications becomes an integral part for all people. For example, if a company wants to sell its product in the world market, it not only has to be of good quality, it also has to fit in with the cultures of individual countries...
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...Have you ever like a culture out your country? The world very wide and contains a lot of countries. Each country has a special culture and a special race. People who live in their countries tend to their culture than other. In my country, Saudi Arabia, there are a lot of cultures different from another culture. In this essay I will discuss about wedding, prevent woman driving car, celebration, wearing hijab, eating habits, greetings, polygamy, fasting, and education in Saudi Arabia. First, in Saudi Arabia, wedding’s ceremony is very different than others. When man want engage woman. He tells his parents about woman who is want. Then, they go to the house of woman and they meet her parents. Her father asks man questions about him if he prays everyday and if he has job or not. After that, father goes to his daughter and tells her about man. Father asks his daughter if she accept or refuse this man. If she accepts him, man can enter to see her with her father or brother. In addition, the family of woman makes a dinner for this event and man buy gold necklace or gold ring for woman. In the day of wedding, the father of man invites his family and friends because he makes a huge party. Man wears white thob and gotra. While, woman goes to salon to do something like hairstyle, make up, manicure and pedicure. I want point out to in the wedding women separate from men. There are a lot of Arabian coffee, sweets, cakes and fruit. In the end of day, bridegroom enters to his bride to take...
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...to know about when visiting any country to do business……………………………1 China III. Quick Background on China………………………………………………………………………………………………………..1 IV. Society and culture……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..2 V. Business Etiquette. Do’s and Don’ts in meetings………………………………………………………………………...2 Brazil VI. Quick Background on Brazil…………………………………………………………………………………………………………4 VII. Society and culture……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..5 VIII. Business Etiquette. Do’s and Don’ts in meetings………………………………………………………………………...5 IX. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 I. Overview: This report will give you a concise description of local customs when traveling for business purposes in China & Brazil. It discusses the aspects that are required in order to succeed in your business transactions and informs you of the negative actions that could affect your business and the future of the company. It is imperative for you to know the importance of knowing the countries local customs so that you don’t disrespect & insult your hosts and at the same time leaving with a good impression for yourself and the company. II. Important Elements to know about when visiting any country to do business a) Society and culture b) Etiquette and customs c) Business etiquette and protocol d) Climate e) Language spoken China III. Quick Background on China Capital of China is...
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...create strong culture in an organisation? Can a leader eliminate culture? Explain. INTRODUCTION 1. BACKGROUND OF THE CULTURE IN ORGANISATIONAL 1.1 LEADER Leadership is a person whose can influence a person for accomplish their objective in organisation to make it more cohesive and coherent. As we know leadership try to influence a group or person to achieve their goal or target. (http://www.nwlink.com/~donc lark/leadcon. html) Always leader will create their own vision first. This vision must have the deep meaning and leaders must make the best vision as symbol to organisation. After that, they try to setting a goal to achieve their target and developing action plan as a strategy in their organisation. Lastly, a leader will monitoring action plan execution. The leader must follow up the follower doing what is required. As a leader they have six traits to make successful as a leader. That is a drive, desire to lead, integrity, self-confidence, intelligent, and job-relevant knowledge. (http://www.slides hare.net/nusabtara99/high-performing-leadership) 1.2 CULTURE Culture is refer to accumulation of knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, experiences, religion, relations, concepts of the universe, values, meaning, roles, notions of time, relations, material possessions and objects acquired and that institutions that characterise the population of nation. (http://language.ezinemark.com/culture-definitions-and-types-17b25a011fd.html) 1.3 ORGANIOSATION CULTURE Organisation...
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...According to the New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition, “culture can be defined as the sum of attitudes, customs, and beliefs that distinguishes one group of people from another. It could be transmitted through language, material objects, ritual, institutions, and art, from one generation to the next.” However, in a society or country there have to be culture, because it is the way of life of people. Every society has to have its own cultural values despite to its population and location. Culture can also be seen as a relationship that brings different people together. Culture is of different types which include religion, socio-culture, dressing, language and greetings. The essay will be based on mainly the religion, language...
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