...effect and consumer ethnocentrism The country of origin effect, also known as the ``made in'' concept, has been broadly defined as the positive or negative influence that a product's country of manufacture may have on consumers' decision processes or subsequent behaviour (Elliott and Cameron, 1994). Within the realm of consumer decision making, country of origin has been defined as an extrinsic cue that acts as a risk mitigant or quality cue for consumers (Cordell, 1992). Such extrinsic cues (others include price, brand name, warranties) serve as intangible product traits that contrast with intrinsic cues (e.g., taste, design), which are tangible aspects or physical characteristics of the product itself (Bilkey and Nes, 1982). Although some studies have questioned the importance of country of origin for much consumer decision making (Elliott and Cameron, 1994; Hugstad and Durr, 1986; Mitchell and Greatorex, 1990; Schooler and Wildt, 1968), recent research has demonstrated that the country of origin has a substantial effect on attitudes toward products and the likelihood of purchasing these products, often demonstrating effects that are as strong or stronger than those of brand name, price, or quality (Ahmed and d'Astous, 1996; Lantz and Loeb, 1996; Okechuku, 1994). Recent research has linked the country of origin effect to levels of consumer ethnocentrism. Consumer ethnocentrism focuses on the responsibility and morality of purchasing foreign-made products and the loyalty of consumers...
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...2016 FRM Exam Study Guide ® The designation recognized by risk management professionals worldwide 2016 Financial Risk Manager (FRM®) Exam Study Guide TOPIC OUTLINE, READINGS, able to deal with them effectively. As TEST WEIGHTINGS such, the Exams are comprehensive in The Study Guide sets forth primary nature, testing a candidate on a number topics and subtopics covered in the FRM of risk management concepts and Exam Part I and Part II. The topics were approaches. selected by the FRM Committee as ones that risk managers who work in practice today have to master. The topics and READINGS Questions for the FRM Exams are related their respective weightings are reviewed to and supported by the readings listed yearly to ensure the Exams are timely under each topic outline. These readings and relevant. The study Guide also were selected by the FRM Committee contains a full listing of all the readings to assist candidates in their review of that are recommended as preparation the subjects covered by the Exams. It is for the FRM Exam Part I and Part II. strongly suggested that candidates review Key concepts (knowledge points) these readings in depth prior to sitting for appear as bullet points at the beginning each exam. All of the readings listed in the of each section and are intended to help FRM Study guide are available through candidates identify the major themes GARP. Further...
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...Grading Systems - SCHOOL, HIGHER EDUCATION Tweet students grades teachers learning ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Search All U.S. Universities Bottom of Form ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form SCHOOL Thomas R. Guskey HIGHER EDUCATION Howard R. Pollio SCHOOL Few issues have created more controversy among educators than those associated with grading and reporting student learning. Despite the many debates and multitudes of studies, however, prescriptions for best practice remain elusive. Although teachers generally try to develop grading policies that are honest and fair, strong evidence shows that their practices vary widely, even among those who teach at the same grade level within the same school. In essence, grading is an exercise in professional judgment on the part of teachers. It involves the collection and evaluation of evidence on students' achievement or performance over a specified period of time, such as nine weeks, an academic semester, or entire school year. Through this process, various types of descriptive information and measures of students' performance are converted into grades or marks that summarize students' accomplishments. Although some educators distinguish between grades and marks, most consider these terms synonymous. Both imply a set of symbols, words, or numbers that are used to designate different levels of achievement or performance. They might be letter grades such as A...
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...Teaching Critical Thinking with Electronic Discussion Steven A. Greenlaw and Stephen B. DeLoach Abstract: One of the products of a liberal undergraduate education is the ability to think critically. In practice, critical thinking is a skill that economics students are supposed to master as they complete their studies. However, exactly what critical thinking means is generally not well defined. Building on the literature on critical thinking, the authors examine how electronic discussion can be used effectively to teach this skill. Because of the multiplicity of views expressed, the asynchronous nature of the technology, and the inherent positive spillovers that are created, electronic discussion appears to provide a natural framework for teaching critical thinking. Key words: class discussion, critical thinking, distance learning, electronic discussion JEL code; A2 One of the products of a liberal undergraduate education is the ability to think critically. This should be particularly true for economics students who. after all, are ostensibly taught the discipline's version of critical thinking—the economic way of thinking. It is ironic then, that relatively little has been published on effective strategies for teaching critical thinking in economics.' This is not an original criticism. In his seminal article on research in pedagogy, Fels (1969) identified critical thinking as an area ripe for teaching and exploration by economists, Fels's critique, "rarely is a concerted effort...
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...ESADE WORKING PAPER Nº 239 September 2012 Value congruence in organizations: Literature review, theoretical perspectives, and future directions Yuanjie Bao Simon Dolan Shay S. Tzafrir ESADE Working Papers Series Available from ESADE Knowledge Web: www.esadeknowledge.com © ESADE Avda. Pedralbes, 60-62 E-08034 Barcelona Tel.: +34 93 280 61 62 ISSN 2014-8135 Depósito Legal: B-3449-2012 Value congruence in organizations: Literature review, theoretical perspectives, and future directions Yuanjie Bao* ESADE Business School, Future of Work Chair, Ramon Llull University Av. Torreblanca 59, 08172, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain yuanjie.bao@esade.edu Simon L. Dolan ESADE Business School, Future of Work Chair, Ramon Llull University Av. Torreblanca 59, 08172, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain simon.dolan@esade.edu Shay S. Tzafrir Department of Human Services, University of Haifa Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel stzafrir@research.haifa.ac.il September 2012 Abstract Extant literature on value congruence is fragmented due to different methodological treatments and theoretical perspectives. Proposing a typology of the value congruence concept, this paper reviews several key themes in value congruence research including staffing, socialization, leadership, job attitudes, performance, among others. By reviewing related antecedents and outcomes, discussing underlying theoretical perspectives, and highlighting future directions, this paper integrates...
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...Click here to download the solutions manual / test bank INSTANTLY!! http://testbanksolutionsmanual.blogspot.com/2011/02/accounting-information-systems-romney.html ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Accounting Information Systems Romney 11th Edition Solutions Manual Accounting Information Systems Romney 11th Edition Solutions Manual Accounting Information Systems Romney 11th Edition Solutions Manual Accounting Information Systems Romney Steinbart 11th Edition Solutions Manual Accounting Information Systems Romney Steinbart 11th Edition Solutions Manual ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ***THIS IS NOT THE ACTUAL BOOK. YOU ARE BUYING the Solution Manual in e-version of the following book*** Name: Accounting Information Systems Author: Romney Steinbart Edition: 11th ISBN-10: 0136015182 Type: Solutions Manual - The file contains solutions and questions to all chapters and all questions. All the files are carefully checked and accuracy is ensured. - The file is either in .doc, .pdf, excel, or zipped in the package and can easily be read on PCs and Macs. - Delivery is INSTANT. You can download the files IMMEDIATELY once payment is done. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us. Our response is the fastest. All questions will always be answered in 6...
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...Organizational Theory, Design, and Change Jones 6th Edition Test Bank Click here to download the solutions manual / test bank INSTANTLY!!! http://solutionsmanualtestbanks.blogspot.com/2011/10/organizational-theory-d esign-and-change_18.html ----------------------------------------------------------------------Organizational Organizational Organizational Organizational Theory, Theory, Theory, Theory, Design, Design, Design, Design, and and and and Change Change Change Change Jones Jones Jones Jones 6th 6th 6th 6th Edition Edition Edition Edition Test Test Test Test Bank Bank Bank Bank -------------------------------------------------------------------------***THIS IS NOT THE ACTUAL BOOK. YOU ARE BUYING the Test Bank in e-version of the following book*** Name: Organizational Theory, Design, and Change Author: Jones Edition: 6th ISBN-10: 0136087310 Type: Test Bank - The test bank is what most professors use an a reference when making exams for their students, which means there’s a very high chance that you will see a very similar, if not exact the exact, question in the test! - The file is either in .doc, .pdf, excel, or zipped in the package and can easily be read on PCs and Macs. - Delivery is INSTANT. You can download the files IMMEDIATELY once payment is done. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us. Our response is the fastest. All questions will always be answered in 6 hours. This is the quality of service we are providing and we hope to be your...
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...Kelly, and Melody Keung for outstanding research assistance; Alan Auerbach, William Brainard, Robert Cumby, Bill Dickens, Doug Elmendorf, Eric Engen, Laurence Kotlikoff, Thomas Laubach, Maria Perozek, George Perry, Frank Russek, Matthew Shapiro, and David Wilcox for helpful discussions; and Eric Engen, Jane Gravelle, and Thomas Laubach for sharing data. ABSTRACT This paper provides new evidence that sustained budget deficits reduce national saving and raise interest rates by economically and statistically significant quantities. Using a series of econometric specifications that nest Ricardian and non-Ricardian models, we obtain evidence of strong non-Ricardian behavior in aggregate consumption. Consistent with several recent studies, we find that projected future deficits affect longterm interest rates, but current deficits do not. Our estimates suggest that each percent-ofGDP in current deficits reduces national saving by 0.5 to 0.8 percent of GDP. Each percent-of-GDP in projected future unified deficits raises forward long-term interest rates by 25 to 35 basis points, and each percent-of-GDP in projected future primary deficits raises interest rates by 40 to 70 basis points. Budget Deficits, National Saving, and Interest Rates September 2004 I. Introduction Economic analysis of the aggregate effects of fiscal policy dates back at least to the work of David Ricardo. Modern academic interest was reinvigorated by the work of Barro (1974) and others, and by...
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...John Paul G. Cordova ME2-1 “Today’s Computers: How Did They Evolve?” I. Introduction A. Background of the Topic - The topic, entitled “Today’s Computers: How Did They Evolve?”, just like the life of a person, also has its own backgrounds, from the simplest form to its complex form. In other words, computers of today have their own histories. As I continue this term paper, you will be discovering the history behind the evolution of computers. B. Importance of the Topic - This topic is important to be known by the community because computers are very useful nowadays. As a student, knowing the story behind the evolution of computers is important in order for me to understand the computers more efficiently. For teachers, it is also important for them to know the history behind the evolution of computers because they also use computers in order to finish their jobs more accurately, making them aware of the computer’s history. II. Body of the Document A. Evolution of Computer in the late 16th century, the 18th century, and the early 19th century: 1. “Abacus was the first counting device, which is originally made from Asia. It worked on a place-value notion meaning that the place of a bead or rock on the apparatus determined how much it was worth. During the 1660s, John Napier discovered logarithms. Robert Bissaker invented the slide rule which will remain in popular...
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...Sciences, College of (CEHS) at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. PREDICTORS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S PEER INTERACTIONS: TEMPERAMENT AND PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR by Ibrahim H. Acar A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science Major: Child, Youth, & Family Studies Under the Supervision of Professor Julia C. Torquati Lincoln, Nebraska April, 2013 PREDICTORS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S PEER INTERACTIONS: TEMPERAMENT AND PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR Ibrahim H. Acar, M.S. University of Nebraska, 2013 Adviser: Julia C. Torquati The current study was a correlational study that examined children’s temperament (inhibitory control and shyness) and prosocial behavior as predictors of preschool-aged children’s...
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...BS (4 Years) for Affiliated Colleges Course Contents for Subjects with Code: ENG This document only contains details of courses having code ENG. Center for Undergraduate Studies, University of the Punjab 1 BS (4 Years) for Affiliated Colleges Code ENG‐101 Year 1 Subject Title Introduction to Literature‐I (History of English Literature‐I) Discipline English Cr. Hrs 3 Semester I Aims: One of the objectives of this course is to inform the readers about the influence of historical and socio-cultural events upon the production of literature. Although the scope of the course is quite expansive, the readers shall focus on early 14th to 19th century Romantic Movement. Histories of literature written by some British literary historians will be consulted to form some socio-cultural and political cross connections. In its broader spectrum, the course covers a reference to the multiple factors from economic theories to religious, philosophical and metaphysical debates that overlap in these literary works of diverse nature and time periods under multiple contexts. The reading of literature in this way i.e. within the sociocultural context will help the readers become aware of the fact that literary works are basically a referential product of the practice that goes back to continuous interdisciplinary interaction. Contents: • Medieval Period • Renaissance and Reformation • Elizabethan Period • Milton, the Metaphysical...
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...Getting Started Important note: The Burning Crusade is an expansion set to World of Warcraft. You must already have a properly installed copy of World of Warcraft in order to install and play this expansion. Installing the Game (PC) TM Welcome Back to the World of Warcraft! System Requirements: OS: Windows 2000 (Service Pack 4); Windows XP (Service Pack 2). Processor: Intel Pentium 3 800MHz, or AMD Duron 800MHz. Memory: 512 MB RAM, 1 GB RAM is recommended. Video: Minimum: 32 MB 3D graphics processor with Hardware Transform and Lighting, such as an NVIDIA GeForce 2 class card or above. Recommended: 64MB VRAM 3D graphics processor with Vertex and Pixel Shader capability, such as an NVIDIA GeForce FX 5700 class card or above. For a complete list of supported 3D cards, please visit: http://www.blizzard.com/support/wow/?id=aww0830p Sound: DirectX-compatible sound card. Install Size: 10 gigabytes of hard disk space. Installation Instructions Place The Burning Crusade CD/DVD into your CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive. If your computer has autoplay enabled, an installation window will automatically pop up on your Windows desktop. Click the Install Burning Crusade button and follow the onscreen instructions to install The Burning Crusade to your hard drive. If the installation window does not appear, open the My Computer icon on your desktop and double-click on the drive letter corresponding to your CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive to open it. Double-click on the Install.exe icon...
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...UNIVERSAL PICTURES and EMMETT / FURLA FILMS Present A MARC PLATT Production In Association with OASIS VENTURES ENTERTAINMENT LTD / ENVISION ENTERTAINMENT / HERRICK ENTERTAINMENT / BOOM! STUDIOS A BALTASAR KORMÁKUR Film PAULA PATTON BILL PAXTON JAMES MARSDEN FRED WARD and EDWARD JAMES OLMOS Executive Producers BRANDT ANDERSEN JEFFREY STOTT MOTAZ M. NABULSI JOSHUA SKURLA MARK DAMON Produced by MARC PLATT RANDALL EMMETT NORTON HERRICK ADAM SIEGEL GEORGE FURLA ROSS RICHIE ANDREW COSBY Based on the BOOM! Studios Graphic Novels by STEVEN GRANT Screenplay by BLAKE MASTERS Directed by BALTASAR KORMÁKUR –1– CAST Waitress Margie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LINDSEY GORT Roughneck #2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HILLEL M. SHARMAN Robert “Bobby” Trench . . . . . . . . . DENZEL WASHINGTON Roughneck #3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AARON ZELL Marcus “Stig” Stigman . . . . . . . . . . . . MARK WAHLBERG Roughneck #4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HENRY PENZI Deb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PAULA PATTON CREW Earl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BILL PAXTON Admiral Tuwey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FRED J. WARD Quince . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JAMES MARSDEN Directed by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BALTASAR KORMÁKUR Papi Greco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EDWARD JAMES OLMOS Screenplay by . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...university/faculty. I furthermore cede copyright of the dissertation in favour of The University of the Free State. .............................................................................. Signature .............................................................................. Date [ii] ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A project of this nature could not have been complete without the support of some people. At this juncture, I will like to recognize the assistance of such people who made indispensable contributions towards the realisation of this work. I received much technical support from my supervisor Prof Ebben Van Zyl and cosupervisors Dr Petrus Nel and Dr Estelle Boshoff. I appreciate all the efforts they made in seeing that this study is diligently done. I remain particularly indebted to them. Special gratitude goes to my entire family especially my parents Mr & Mrs Nde for the moral and financial support they gave me my sister, Adeline; my brothers Davidson and Jeff and my friends Neneh and Silas for the constant love, concern and encouragement they have shown to me. [iii] TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION...
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...Bibliography Index Acknowledgments About the Author Cover Copyright About the Publisher v 1 13 43 87 126 157 178 205 211 225 241 INTRODUCTION I can admit it freely now. All my life I’ve been a patsy. For as long as I can recall, I’ve been an easy mark for the pitches of peddlers, fundraisers, and operators of one sort or another. True, only some of these people have had dishonorable motives. The others—representatives of certain charitable agencies, for instance—have had the best of intentions. No matter. With personally disquieting frequency, I have always found myself in possession of unwanted magazine subscriptions or tickets to the sanitation workers’ ball. Probably this long-standing status as sucker accounts for my interest in the study of compliance: Just what are the factors that cause one person to say yes to another person? And which techniques most effectively use these factors to bring about such compliance? I wondered why it is that a request stated in a certain way will be rejected, while a request that asks for the same favor in a slightly...
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