...Recent Work on Business Cycles in Historical Perspective: Review of Theories and Evidence ABSTRACT This survey outlines the evolution of thought leading to the recent developments in the study of business cycles. The subject is almost coextensive with short-term inacrodynamics and has a large interface with economics of growth, money, inflation, and expectations. The coverage is +-)y.Pry' kg4h v4r 4 ii4 c,1 ,i4 4 tT The paper first summarizes the "stylized facts" that ought to be explained by the theory. This part discusses the varying dimensions of business cycles; their timing, amplitude, and diffusion features; some international aspects; and recent changes. The next part is a review of the literature on "self-sustaining" cycles. It notes some of the older theories and proceeds to more recent models driven by changes in investment, credit, and price-cost-profit relations. These models are mainly endogenous and deterministic. Exogenous factors and stochastic elements gain importance in the part on the modern theories of cyclical response to monetary and real disturbances. The early monetarist interpretations of the cycle are followed by the newer equilibrium models with price misperceptions and intertemporal substitution of labor. Monetary shocks continue to be used but the emphasis shifts from nominal demand changes and lagged price adjustments to informational lags and supply reactions. Various problems arise, revealed by intensive testing and criticisms...
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...... I dream of a city ... a city full of people ... a crowded city ... a city with lots of bad people, and a little number of good people ... a city full of mosque ... people call it "The City of Mosque" ... in the dawn of winter if you wake up, You will hear the sound of Azan, from all the mosques from the city. ... Sorry, what did you say? you know a city like this one, the one exactly like I just said ... he he :) no my dear, you may not know this city, because in this city there are "cycles" ... lots and lots of cycles ... I want to call it "The City of Cycles", because in here everyone uses cycle for transport. You want to go in long distance or short distance, the city people use cycle. You wondering why cycle, because this city people prefer it, ... why, I don’t know :( ... when I ask one of them, "why do you ride cycle?" he first look at me, examine me if I am a stupid reporter from TV want tomake a news on him, then he said, "are you new in this city? Cycle is the Trademark of this city. Didn't you notice it?" I say, "Yeah! I noticed ... That's why I was asking ... is there any reason?" The man sighed and paddled on his way. Then I found a girl, she stopped and asked if I wanted a ride? I nodded. She was on the way to her office, she told me an amazing story, a story of sorrow, cough, dust and worst of'em all, a GHOST. YES, believe it or not, there was a ghost in the city. People called it "The Deadly One". Because it is a crowded city, when people came out from...
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...Long Day’s Journey into Night: The Perpetual Cycles within O’Neill’s Play O’Neill’s Long Day’s Journey into Night (1956, 2002) is a depiction of the Tyrone family and the ongoing cycle of events that occur within the span of one single day in their life. At first glance, patriarch James, his wife Mary, and adult sons Jamie and Edmund, appear to be the average family in the year 1912, until one looks further and finds that each appears to be in their own version of purgatory, stuck in a repetition of events and behaviors that are both non-productive, as well as destructive. Ultimately, these result in their being condemned to continually relive the worst events in their life with their most unflattering characteristics, time and time again. Yet, in doing so, they not only self-sabotage, but sabotage each other and prevent any member of the family from realizing any genuine relief or finding any true resolution amidst this perpetual cycle, which is essentially foreshadowed by the title, itself. Therefore, from the ongoing cycle of denial and blame, to anger and guilt, to drug use and abuse, Long Day’s Journey into Night is a cynical story that illustrates the seemingly infinite cycles that depict the perpetual struggles that occur within one family over the course of an average day as the light gives way to darkness. As such, the paragraphs that follow elaborate on some of the most prominent cycles within the story, beginning with a discussion of the Tyrone family’s...
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...11 A.M with my friend. There was lot of fashionable cycle with difference price range. The fashionable cycle price started from 9000 to 26000. It is very difficult for me to one from lot of cycle. I have seen more than hundred of cycle. But I couldn’t pick up one so easily because of my budget. I had a budget of 18000tk. Sometime I choice cycle but unfortunately it above of my budget. After seeing long time I take a decision to increase my budget in 22000tk for that I have to borrow 4000tk from my friend. So I have taken a bicycle exchange of 21500tk by spend of 6 hours. That cycle name is Totem Grim. It can run 30km per hour. When I back home with cycle, my family members were praised about cycle, after hearing price of cycle, they were little upset with me. Somehow I overcome it. Now I went to everywhere by cycle even my varsity too. My varsity distance is 12km from my home. When I went to varsity by bus it taken minimum two hours & I have to hurry for sitting, most of time hanging with door for long time & no guarantee to reach in correct time. Now I can go to my varsity within one hour & I don’t need to hanging & I reach in correct time. Most of time I got company from other cycler’s .Now in Chittagong City most of the Youth are using cycle to reach in their destination. There have many bicycle groups who are trying to inspired people for using cycle & keep our city jam free. The purchasing of cycle is proved very useful for me. It’s saved my money &...
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...Note: Course content may be changed, term to term, without notice. The information below is provided as a guide for course selection and is not binding in any form, and should not be used to purchase course materials. BUSI 610 Syllabus COURSE SYLLABUS BUSI 610 ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN AND STRUCTURE COURSE DESCRIPTION This course provides graduate-level instruction regarding the design, redesign, and implementation of effective organizations. Special emphasis is placed on the analysis, planning, implementation, and evaluation of both the social and technical systems of organizations with emphasis on the structural changes necessary to improve and maintain productivity and quality of work life. RATIONALE Organizations are collections of people working together under a defined structure for the purpose of achieving predetermined outcomes through the use of financial, human, and material resources. There are a number of approaches to the structuring and managing of organizations. This course will provide the student with a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical constructs regarding the field of organizational design and structure as well as strategies for moving from theory to practice. I. PREREQUISITE For information regarding prerequisites for this course, please refer to the Academic Course Catalog. REQUIRED RESOURCE PURCHASES Click on the following link to view the required resource(s) for the term in which you are registered: http://bookstore.mbsdirect.net/liberty...
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...STUDENT NOTES SERIES SMA6014 - Modern Algebra and Geometry Norashiqin Mohd Idrus Shahrizal Shamsuddin Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (Semester 1 Session 2014/2015) Contents 1 Fundamentals 1.1 History of Algebra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.3.5 1.4 1.5 1.4.1 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 1.5.4 1.6 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 Classical Algebra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modern Algebra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 Logic and Proof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Methods of Proof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proof by Induction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic Notion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operations on Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cartesian Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...What is he trying to achieve in the round of changes he put in motion in that period? Is there a logic or rationale supporting the change process? We can say that Welch’s approach to business improvement has gone through three different cycles of learning: a) In the first cycle (from early 1980s to late 1980s) he focused GE on the elimination of variety in its portfolio of businesses by reducing the nonperforming businesses. He launched the “#1 or #2” approach. The central idea that guided GE’s business decisions was that those business areas that intended to compete in global markets must either be or become number-one or number-two in their market places. Those businesses that had no chance of attaining this goal were to be fixed, either sold or closed. During this stage almost 200 businesses were sold off and more than 370 acquisitions were achieved. The rationale behind managing the portfolio of businesses was to ensure that GE would make the best use of its capital for appropriate investments. To strengthen this measure, Welch eliminated the sector level, ensuring that all businesses reported directly to him, situation that would create more pressure and control on the businesses’ CEO to deliver results. b) In the second cycle (from late 1980s to mid-1990s), once GE had focused itself on targeted business areas, Welch focused the company on simplifying and eliminating non-value-added activities through creative efforts of teams using Work-Outs. This tool was used...
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...3 phase approach to solid inventory record system o Design of the inventory record system and creation of the internal capabilities to put into place and keep it operating o Straightforward development of initial inventory balances o Ongoing operation and control of the inv record system, where responsibilities are defined and sources of errors can be located and eliminated. • measuring inventory accuracy needs to take into account tolerance. Might miss exact number on most of the items but might fall within the % variance of each item and then no problems. Thus overall inventory accuracy = (total accurate records / total records checked) *100 = % of accuracy • dollarizing value of firms inventory may be accurate to penny but that accuracy could hide appalling level of part specific inaccuracy. • tolerances may be set based on a products: o usage o dollar value o lead time o level in the bill of material o criticality o method of handling • most companies multiply usage by value in order to compute ‘dollars spent during the year for each part’. That typically will follow 80/20 rule. 80% of dollars spent per year will be on 20% of parts. Chart would be: ▪ Cost Class Parts Puchased % $ Spent % Tolerance % ▪ A 20 80 +/-0 ▪ B 30 15 +/-2 ▪ C 50 5 +/-5 • This however ignores the velocity of...
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...is usually associated with the commencement of puberty and the appearance of secondary sex characteristics. The pituitary gland secretes hormones that stimulate enlargement and development of the sex organs, which thus become capable of reproduction. In females the reproductive cycle of ovulation and menstruation begins, pubic hair appears, and development of the breasts and other body contours takes place.1 During this phase of transition from childhood, adolescents are often confused about the physical and emotional changes in their bodies and feel hesitant and embarrassed to discuss them with anyone. Therefore adolescence is a critical period which influences one’s reproductive health and well-being throughout life. Adolescent girls are especially vulnerable to the biological and social changes taking place during this time and their effects, owing to the existing inequity between the sexes.2 In India, the adolescent population constitutes more than one fifth (23%) of the total population. It is estimated that there are almost 200 million adolescents in India between the age group of 10-19 years. It is expected that these age group will continue to grow reaching over 214 million by 2020. According to 1992-1993 Directorate Of...
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...process is reversible -within defined limits, all the cells are capable of adapting to a variety of stimuli which may upset normality NORMAL CELL GROWTH -Normal tissue growth depends on a balance between the number of cells actively dividing and the number of the cells dying -the cells of the body can be divided into 3 groups on the basis of their regenerative capacity- they respond differently to stress and injury 1.- Labile cell ( intermitotic) 2.- Stable cell ( reversible postmitotic ) 3.- Permanent cell ( irreversible postmitotic) The cell cycle and types of cells Proliferating cells occupy several functional states between two mitoses. The cell cycle consists of G1 gap (presynthetic), S (DNA synthesis), G2 gap (premitotic) and M (mitotic ) phases. The cells may leave cell cycle during G1 and then they either cease proliferation, differentiate or eventually die or they enter G0 phase, resting phase from which they can be eventually recruited back to the cycle. G0 phase is a non-proliferative and is known as growth arrest 1.- Labile cells- continuously dividing cells- they continue to proliferate, remain all the time in cell cycle -tissues that contain most labile cells include- -epithelia such as -stratified squamous epithelium of the skin, oral cavity, vagina cervix, esophagus, -lining epithelial cell of the gland such as salivary glands, pancreas biliary tract, -columnar epithelium of uterus, fallopian tube, -urinary epithelium -lymphoid...
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...Alexandria Sweatt SOC 424 DR. Gemelli Media Review#2 The advertisement that I chose for the week’s blog was a TV ad for birth control called nuvaring. I have seen numerous advertisements regarding to the use of birth control but nothing like this ad. This commercial shows a group of women together explaining to convenience of being on Nuvaring. As a personal user of this certain method I have to agree with majority of the stuff they were saying in this ad. The idea that the commercial is trying to promote is the convenience of this contraception method that will not hinder your day-to-day schedule. It also promotes to women who have heavy menstrual cycles that they have the advantage to skip their cycle every other month. Of course, in the commercial it promoted the positive main points regarding this contraception. Commercials such as the one I selected also made experiencing a menstrual cycles an “ease” as a main point, when in reality we know that all experiences are different. What I liked most about the advertisement is how they gave so much key information in a little bit of time that a woman like myself could relate to if I was considering getting on birth control for the first time. Birth control for any woman should be consulted with their caregiver before being prescribed. The thing I liked least about the advertisement is the mum silence they had when it came to listing their side effects. Anybody before accessing contraceptives should know the list of side...
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...leaving Coles and shopping at Woolworths. Now that Wesfarmers Limited has purchased Coles its managers are quickly implementing strategies to regain their competitive advantage. anything that affects the operation of the business 55 HomeThink Draw the Woolworths’ logo. What does it represent? Is it effective? 3.1 External influences The external influences from the business environment are those outside the control of a business’s managers. The manager can only respond to external influences in ways that hopefully give the business an advantage over its competitors if the competitor is also slow to respond. Some of the most important external influences are economic, financial, geographic, social, legal and political. Economic cycle refers to the predictable long-term pattern of changes in the national income Economic The...
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...DATABASE ASSIGNEMENT ONLINE STORE DATABSE TABLE NAME * STUDENT/CUSTOMER * ENROLLMENT * COURSES * CATEGORY * ORDERS * ORDER DETAILS * PAYMENT * PRODUCT * SHIPPERS * SUPPLIER/COMPANY TABLES ATTRIBUTES STUDENT/CUSTOMER STUDENT table contain attribute such as: * STUDENT ID-PRIMARY KEY * FIRST NAME * LAST NAME * ADDRESS * POSTAL CODE * CITY * STATE * COUNTRY * PHONE * EMAIL * PASSWORD * CREDIT CARD * CREDIT CARD TYPE ID * BILLING ADDRESS * SHIP ADDRESS * DATE ENTERED ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT table contain attribute such as: * STU ID-PRIMARY KEY * COURSE ID-PRIMARY KEY * SEMESTER-PRIMARY KEY * INTAKE COURSES COURSE table contain attribute such as: * COURSE ID-PRIMARY KEY * COURSE NAME * FACULTY CATEGORY CATEGORY table contain attribute such as: * CATEGORY ID-PRIMARY KEY * CATEGORY NAME * DESCRIPTION * PICTURE * ACTIVE ORDERS ORDERS table contain attribute such as: * ORDER ID * STUDENT ID * PAYMENT ID * SHIPPER ID * ORDER NUMBER * ORDER DATE * SHIPDATE * REQUIRED DATE * SALE TAX * TIME STAMP * TRANSACTION STATUS * FULFILED * DELETED * PAID * PAYMENT DATE ORDER DETAILS ORDERDATAILS table contain attribute such as: * ORDER IDs-PRIMARY KEY * PRODUCT IDs * ORDER NUMBER * PRICE * QUANTITY * DISCOUNT * TOTAL * IDSKU *...
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.... Introduction top next gema actions are enough for everyday usage but occasionally you may need more power to define a complex transformation. You might, also, want to use the superior matching capabilities of gema to drive your program. GeL is a Lua 5 library that: allows the execution of Lua function (and hence of a C function) in a gema action provides the powerful text matching mechanisms offered by gema as a set of Lua functions it has been tested with Lua 5.0.2. Refer to the detailed documentation to build gel togheter with gema, . 1.1 Status GeL is not as mature as gema or Lua, please report any bugs you may find using SourceForge bug tracking subsystem (you don't need to log in as a SourceForge user) or sending an e-mail to Remo Dentato. 1.2 Licence GeL is released under the same licence of Gema. No specific reference needs to be made to GeL as long as the due reference to Gema and Lua have been made. 2. Usage prev top next 2.1 Gema like Gel may be used exactly as if it was gema, any valid gema script should work when executed by gel: gel [gemaopts] [-f rules.gema] [-l script.lua] [infile [outfile]] . The only differences are: The @lua{} function is available to execute lua scripts in actions Text enclosed between "![" and "!]" is considered lua code and is immediately executed Rules specfied with '-f' are loaded, the lua script specified with '-l' is executed (possibily defining lua function...
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...experience. My seminar topic was about examining the imagery that appeared in the play Hamlet. A skill I developed was using technological equipment to present a presentation.Each group had to pick a topic that was in their interest to research online for information. The requirements started with presenting the information in front of the class informing the audience what imagery means and discuss using concrete examples from the play. This presentation gave me the opportunity to work with PowerPoint and Excel and then to present my information. I believe that in order to communicate effectively with the audience you have to have a well prepared presentation that will capture their attention so that you can present your ideas clearly. A skill that I had trouble was to be able to work as a team. The imagery seminar was a great opportunity for me to develop my team work skills because we were put in to pairs to complete the seminar. Each member in the group had specific responsibilities to the team in order for the seminar to be successful. Being in the group to work on the seminar was a great experience for me because I was able to see where my strong and weak points are in group work. I found that it was easier for me to communicate my ideas with Rachna than to the whole class. A big part of group work is good communication between Rachna and I. Communication is also a big part of my learning experience because I will need to be able to get my ideas out by communicating well...
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