...Exploring Distinctive Characteristics & Virtues of Coffee Varieties: The Bourbon & Pacamara Case Overview: This document explores from different angles the Bourbon variety, one of the heirloom Arabica species and the Pacamara varietal, a very intriguing hybrid. Here you will find their botanical characteristics, agricultural practices, and how their versatility and cup profile fit within the fastest growing specialty “espresso-based beverage” and exotic coffee niches. Brief Botanical Description of C. Arabica Typification: It is necessary to establish a normal variety or type variety, in order to compare against it the different mutations. In C. Arabica, the “Typica” variety had been chosen as the blueprint or pattern (Kramer). When compared to some Ethiopian types it appears that “Typica” was chosen for growing purposes because of its resistance and productivity characteristics. The word “Variety” and its equivalent “Cultivar” have been applied to coffee, as for other plants, referring to variations due to two reasons: Mutations: These are expressed as more or less abrupt changes, such as a marked deviation in height or leave shape, etc. Mutated plants are descendants from a normal one and are considered as such when they permanently keep the new type after being propagated by seed. (i.e.: Maragogipe, Pacas, Caturra, etc.) Hybrids: These are natural or artificial crosses between varieties or species. When these plants are propagated by seeds they don’t...
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...Salvador Meza Soc 323 Interview/Historical Project- Spring 2016 As I began this project I noticed something that you can only really notice once you actually see it with your own eyes, a lot can happen in 75 years of living! I was blown away by all the events around the world that have taken place. What I really liked about this timeline was that it tells you the person age at the time of the events taking place, that is a cool feature because I can read something like “first human in space, at age 21” I can feel that because I’ve been 21 and myself at age 21 traveling to space was a been there done that type of thing, we have people living in space for years at a time now conducting missions when back in 1961 space was seen as something impossible but the top countries around the world rushed to get there first. The person I speak of is none other than my grandma, Marina Olivares. Or as I like to refer to her as, “Mama Estela.” Estela is 75 years young, born and raised in El Salvador. She came to the United States hoping for a better life to life the “American dream” that was so advertised in the late 1900s. Come to America, make a lot of money, and buy a big house, you know, the American dream. Before I get to her interesting travel over to the US, I talked to her about year 1969 and the impact that Neil Armstrongs landing on the moon had on her. She was age 29, living in El Salvador. She told me how amazed she was that someone out there can actually do something...
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...beer was introduced, and 3 years after, Beer Pale Pilsen (now known as Beer na Beer), its most successful and most controversial brand, was launched. Due to the growing demand in the Mindanao market, ABI established its second brewery at El Salvador, Misamis Oriental, with a capacity of 2 million hectoliters of beer per annum. In the same year, the company expanded its product line from beer to non-alcoholic beverages, with the introduction of Summit Natural Drinking Water and Absolute Pure Distilled Drinking Water. The company further expanded its product line by introducing Colt 45, America’s Premium strong beer in 1995, which opened doors to many strong beer brand. In 1999, Beer na Beer was reintroduced in the market and won a gold medal in the Monde Selection in Brussels, Belgium. Pacific Iced tea was launched in the same year, which strengthened the position of the company in the market. In 2006, 100 Plus Isotonic Sports Drink and Cobra Energy Drink, both were targeted towards individuals with an active lifestyle, were launched. Further expanding its product line, the company introduced Coors Light and Coors Original in 2007 and Summit ZeroCal in 2008. Tanduay Ice was launched a year after, and the company launched its first dairy product, Vitamilk, in 2010. Roots Ginger Brew was also a good addition in the line-up of non-alcoholic beverage of the company in 2011. 2. Industry Asia Brewery is one of the leading Industries in the production of alcoholic and nonalcoholic...
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...Hochschule für Wirtschafts-, Rechtsund Sozialwissenschaften sowie Internationale Beziehungen Monetary Economics Outsourcing Monetary Policy An essay by the example of El Salvador and Montenegro Marisa Wenk (11-608-387) Charlene (Yi Hsuan) Jung (13-602-693) Vincenz Jahn (09-610-734) Prof. Dr. Carlo Strub 19. Dezember 2013 Table of Content 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 Background..................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Benefits ........................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2.1 Stability.................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2.2 Lower risk premia.................................................................................................................... 3 2.2.3 Eliminating the transactional costs .......................................................................................... 3 2.2.4 Domestic financial development ............................................................................................. 3 2.2.5 Better economic compatibility ...................................................................................................
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...They returned only for less than a year during the span of ten years. In addition, when I was born my parents withdrew Yenis from the school to take care of an infant, me. Yenis shares her hardships in regards to raising me. She said; “I could not reach things. I was petit; everything was higher and bigger than I was. I was sad when I was withdrawn from school.” Moreover, I recently learned that my grandmother did not care for us, her grandchildren, during the first four years in El Salvador. According to my sister, Yenis, our Aunt Gloria was the guardian my mother chose to care for her young children ranging from eleven to a-year-old. My mother sent the payment and she collected the money, feed us then retreated to her own house leaving us in our own house alone. Our ten-year-old, sister, cared for us as best as best as child’s ability. Yenis had difficulty with all of us, especially with my brother Daniel, who was the freest spirited. Consequently, growing-up we did not have a guardian to implement early...
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...Developing Countries and Dollarization By Gricel Ortiz Introduction Dollarization is when a country officially or unofficially adopts USD or another foreign country’s as a legal tender for transactions instead of their domestic currency. The reason that a country will opt for dollarization is the result of economy and is seeking for greater stability in the value of the foreign currency over domestic currency. (Investopedia) A country may decide to implement official dollarization in which the currency is replaced by the chosen currency and gives up its right to influence its own monetary policy by adjusting the money supply. A country may decide on partial dollarization using the tender informally that is not an official policy and thus the local currency is still considered the legal tender. By using the foreign tender there is a possibility of protection against devaluation of the local exchange rate. (Investopedia). Advantages and Disadvantages There are advantages and disadvantages to dollarization. The some of advantages are helps in the stabilization of the economy and investments also easing political crises, it helps with inflation and interest rates and devaluation risks. (About.Com) When a country adopt foreign currency it also has the disadvantages of printing their own money, it does not control its own monetary policy, it does not collect seignioirage, a profit gained from coinage, the central bank loses its role and is only able to help with emergency...
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...MARA-SAVATRUCHA (MS13) The Civil War in the early 1980s in El Salvador cost the lives of about 100,000 people. Besides, two million people are reported to have immigrated to the United States, due to the uncertain political and social conditions there. A big chunk of the refugees arrived and settled in the Rampart area of Los Angeles. They needed low cost housing and employment. That area was already afflicted with gangs and crimes. For the local population of Mexican-Americans, this was the most unwelcome development. The combustible youth immigrants from Salvador took the problem of their survival in response to the victimization at the hands of local gangs, as a serious challenge and formed a new gang by name Mara Salvatrucha, popularly known as MS-13. “Las-Mara” is a notorious street gang that engages in violent crimes in El Salvador. Salvatruchas, refers to the members of the political entity, styled Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front. This is a group of Peasants from Salvador, trained in guerilla warfare. The number 13 refers to the California prison gang, the Mexican Mafia. A youth facing the unemployment problem, not getting support from the government and the society, when he is constantly nagged, abused, condemned and ostracized by the society, turns into a viler and bitter individual. With no authority to show heartfelt care and concern, and an understanding approach to the problems of teeming millions of refugees, the frustrated immigrant youth...
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...We live in a world where people are judged by the way they look, by the way they talk or even by the groups whom they’re associated with. A person who speaks with a deep accent may be judged for speaking “differently”. Language is a great thing. It’s what we use to communicate with others. Each country has different kinds of languages with different accents. Communication is used everywhere in the world. Everyone communicates all the time. But communication is much more than just talking and listening; it involves understanding and interpreting. Language can both include and exclude groups of people through the use of slang, family adaptations, and non-natives. First, there are many types of communication that involve slang everywhere in the world. Professional communication or slang in my opinion, is the way someone speaks naturally rather than trying to sound high class or use big words. Just because someone knows bigger, broader words doesn’t make it professional. In George Orwell’s essay, Politics and the English language, he states how language is full of bad habits when he says, “Modern English, especially written English, is full of bad habits which spread by imitation.” This is true because bad habits do stick, just like slang. The world communicates with slang which makes it hard for some to communicate. Professional communication can be looked at as a way in which someone presents themselves, rather than the way they speak. There is no legitimate...
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...As the daughter of two hardworking immigrants who left everything behind to start a new life in the United States, my background is not an entirely unique one. My parents entered the country illegally and as a child, I never knew exactly what that meant. I did not know the reason my father always drove at the exact speed limit and never over was because he was petrified of being pulled over or that the reason I had never met my grandparents was because traveling to my parent's home country was impossible. I did not know that if my parents were caught by immigration they could be deported back to El Salvador, separating us by thousands of miles. Growing up in a rough neighborhood in Dallas, there were various families in the same situation as ours, so I had not...
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...According to the Table 2.3 on page 27 in the book the three highest homicide rate countries are Venezuela, El Salvador and Jamaica. The three lowest homicide rates are Hong Kung, Japan, and Singapore. Venezuela, El Salvador, and Jamaica have similar economic, social, educational and government that contribute to their high homicide rates. All three countries have high poverty, organized crime, slow economic growth, overcrowded prisons, and poor police. People in these countries usually do not continue their education due to the lack of money. Due to prisons being overcrowded people usually get away with their crimes. “Critics often say the reasons are plain to see but are not tackled. They include poorly paid and often corrupt police (responsible, even by official admission, for 1 in 5 crimes);a corrupt inefficient and politicized judiciary; possibly the most violent and overcrowded prison system in Latin America; and over worked prosecutors, who are often enlisted to persecute the political opposition instead of putting criminals behind bars. (P.G., 2010) Organized crime such as illegal weapons, class warfare, and drugs also contribute to citizens feeling unsafe. “Most Central American Governments are ill-equipped to tackle the mayhem. (Organised crime in Central America, 2011) . This means the government does not have enough recourse such as police and prisons to keep up with the organized gangs. As you can see economic, social, educational, and government contributes to the...
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...ESLA 1901 - WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 1 Data Gathering Assignment Due: Value: Aims • • Learn how to search for information in the library Become competent in searching for literature in on-line databases Friday 5pm - 5th September- Week 6 20% Knowing how to use the library facilities is a necessary requirement for study at university. At some point you will all need to visit the library and find information and literature on topics for assignments. An important part of the assessment for most assignments is evidence that the student has consulted a wide range of sources. The University of Newcastle computer catalogue system “Newcat” allows a library user to search for texts through a variety of means. Literature databases allow searches of key words in thousands of journals and periodicals. Often a user does not even need to visit the library, as they can access a text readily on line and print a copy for themselves. This exercise involves doing some basic searches for information using the Auchmuty library. If you do not have a library PIN number you will need to create one by clicking on Create a PIN. There are four parts to this exercise. Part A In this case we are going to do some basic searches using the Newcat catalogue. • • Open your web browser to the university homepage and click on library under direct links Now click on Newcat Catalogues The Newcat homepage allows you search for books through a variety of means. Each book has a call number that allows you to locate...
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...group, trait genetics group, molecular marker group, and visitor reception area. By consolidating these groups together they are cementing there position in the community and creating a better workplace for employees. Expansion has been one of our primary focuses within the past few years. We are very exciting to start our Chesterfield Village expansion project which will create 675 new jobs in St. Louis across all levels over the next three years. According to Hugh Grant, chairman and CEO of Monsanto, “Our Chesterfield expansion is focused on strengthening our world-class capabilities in the discovery and development of innovations for farmers around the world”. Grant believes that to keep up with the increase in demand it will require a futuristic outlook on the way we think and come up with technology that today we would only imagine. “As we look to the future, and work begins to expand this research facility, I’m reminded how important our mission to work together to help farmers produce more nutritious food in a sustainable way will continue to be.” ("Monsanto...
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...continuous market on the Spanish Stock Exchanges (Madrid, Barcelona, Bilbao and Valencia) and on those of London, Tokyo, New York, Lima, Buenos Aires and São Paulo. Telefónica has one of the most international profiles in the sector with more than 60% of its business outside its home market and a reference point in the Spanish and Portuguese speaking market. In Spain, the Group has over 80 years experience since its constitution in 1924, providing services to more than 46.7 million customers at December 2009. In Latin America, Telefónica gives service to more than 168.5 million customers as of the end of December 2009 becoming the leader operator in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Peru and has substantial operations in Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Morocco, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Uruguay and Venezuela. In Europe, on top of the Spanish...
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...Diversity is defined as the state of being different when it comes to race, color, religion, sexual orientation and educational background. Diversity is not limited to these things but is the basis of its definition. To me diversity is an essential component to strengthening the community as a whole. To understand the world and all the beauty of it, we must learn about the people living in it. By embracing one another’s differences; whether that be race, gender, ethnicity etc., we are able to learn and better help those around us. Everyday this nations workplaces and educational institutions are being occupied by people of various backgrounds. It is important to remember that we are all working towards the same purpose which is to make the...
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...Phase 5 Individual Project HIST125-1201B-05 American Culture in Transition March 28, 2012 CTU Online Professor David Markwell Introduction I must say that this assignment has come at a perfect time as I found myself surrounded in History as I toured Pearl Harbor this weekend. I have to admit watching video and listening to some of the survivors take on the events brought me to tears. I was fortunate enough to have my mom on this trip and she gave me some more great family history and explained that her sister was on the island when the attack happened and was able to get back to the mainland 10 days later. I could write 10 pages on what we spoke about the past few days. Our class has made me realize that we speak of history every day even in simple conversations about what we did a year ago or when we were children, the events we witness today is our children’s history and it is made every day. This class has opened my eyes to take a closer and awareness at the things that are happening around us today and in the past. Now that the class is about complete I am not sure how anyone may have negative views on history, no matter what had happened in our history it has been done and we must see it for the positive things we can take from our past. The debate on immigration can be seen and actually felt when traveling to different parts of our country and abroad. Listening to some of the fascinating tales on Hawaiian history it was not that long ago Americans and Europeans...
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