...International Journal of Electronics Communication and Computer Engineering Volume 3, Issue (1) NCRTCST, ISSN 2249 –071X National Conference on Research Trends in Computer Science and Technology - 2012 Implementation of ATM Security by Using Fingerprint recognition and GSM PENNAM KRISHNAMURTHY (M.Tech) MR. M. MADDHUSUDHAN REDDDY M.TECH Email: ecemurthy@gmail.com Email: maddhusudhanreddi@gmail.com Abstract - The main objective of this system is to develop an embedded system, which is used for ATM security applications. In these systems, Bankers will collect the customer finger prints and mobile number while opening the accounts then customer only access ATM machine. The working of these ATM machine is when customer place finger on the finger print module when it access automatically generates every time different 4-digit code as a message to the mobile of the authorized customer through GSM modem connected to the microcontroller. The code received by the customer should be entered by pressing the keys on the touch screen. After entering it checks whether it is a valid one or not and allows the customer further access. Keywords - ATM terminal; ARM9; fingerprint recognition; image enhancement; GSM MODEM. INTRODUCTION Now-a-days, in the self-service banking system has got extensive popularization with the characteristic offering high-quality 24 hours service for customer. Using the ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) which provide customers...
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...NETW-561-11244 2013 GSM: The New Wave to the future Wireless Technologies Professor Raef Yassin Anthony Garcia Table of Contents Introduction3 Strategic Business Assessment4 Technology5-7 Design a Wireless System8-10 Compatability Plans11-12 Planned Competitive Improvements13-14 Other Competitive Technological Solutions15 Upgrading to Next Generation16-17 Summary18 Work Cited19 Tiered Cell Tower20 3G vs 4G Chart21 Introduction In today’s society there are many different choices you can make concerning your wireless provider, and type of phone with many limitations and what we can do to counter act the norm of today is to go into a new direction. Now the US is predominately made up of CDSM with smaller companies that use the towers of the big four, but these are mostly just a pay as you go established business, what needs to happen is making a universal to match the rest of the world, and that standard is GSM (Global Systems for Mobile Communications). What we want to achieve is giving the same options that the rest of the world have, letting them take their phones where ever they want whenever they want and not be tied down to a country. GSM operates in the 900MHz and 1.8GHz bands in Europe and the 1.9GHz and 850MHz bands in the US. GSM services are also transmitted via 850MHz spectrum in Australia, Canada and many Latin American countries. The use of harmonized spectrum across most of the globe, combined with GSM’s international roaming capability...
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...efficiency, but the total value it generates remains in question. Theory of Abis optimization As 3G traffic continues to grow, operators must tackle the issue of higher bandwidth requirements. This has resulted in huge investments for network capacity expansion. With such high demands for bandwidth optimization, various technologies have been developed and applied to mobile backhaul networks—Abis is one of the many options available. Voice services remain a dominant commercial interest for mobile operators. Since GSM system differs from 3G UMTS systems in terms of voice service processing, Abis optimization technology has various effects. GSM system utilizes full-rate (FR) codes to process voice services, and occupies transmission bandwidth even during the mute period of the communication process. Abis optimization technology is designed to eliminate mute frames through its BTS interface. It can also multiply the unused timeslots. The mute frames are then recovered before the BSC, enhancing 2G service transport efficiency by an average of 60%, and even 80% in best case scenarios. On the other hand, 3G systems employ adaptive multi-rate (AMR) technology to process voice services. Since voice activation factors are introduced in coding, mute frames would not exist in service bandwidth. Thus, 3G service transport efficiency cannot be improved by Abis. Saving bandwidth with Abis optimization? The value of Abis optimization PUBLIC 2011-11-10 Issue 39 of Huawei Communicate...
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...Evolution of mobile technology and business models Su-En Tan CTI Working Papers, no. 91 Center for Tele-Information EVOLUTION OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY AND BUSINESS MODELS Su-En Tan Centre for TeleInformation Technical University of Denmark Building 371, 2nd Floor, Elektrovej, Kgs, Lyngby 2800, Denmark Tel.: +45 45255181 Fax: +45 45963171 Email: sutan@cti.dtu.dk ABSTRACT This paper looks at the evolution of mobile technology and the evolution of the business models associated with it. Briefly, the different technologies will be examined. More importantly, it will trace the route taken by the mobile network from 2G to 3G and beyond, it will look at the factors that have influenced the decision of mobile operators to switch or upgrade to 3G and also why some others have chosen not to do so. While technology has evolved, so has the business models of the industry. The evolution of the business models from 2G to 3G will be described here. How the mobile industry has changed in terms of market players is part of this description. 1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, we have seen many changes in the mobile industry. Mobile telephony has evolved a great deal since the beginning of the GSM standard. It is thus, of interest to trace this technology change from when we once used the mobile telephone as just a device to make simple voice calls to the multimedia device of today. The different evolution paths that have been taken by different mobile operators will be examined. Reasons for their...
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...------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form The free essay examples that we publish on UK Essays have been submitted to us by students. These essays are not the work of our own expert essay writers. Thanks to all of the students that have submitted their work to us. READ MORE Share & download: Print Download Email Free Essays - Communications Essays 3G: Sophistication Guaranteed Telecommunications evolution is undergoing a rapid vamp to the future; the evolution is almost exponential, from the analog types to 2Gs and then finally the latest mobile innovation the 3G technology. The 3G techie is the latest on-stream line of communications which offers advanced voice communications and high-speed data connectivity, with wireless Internet access, mobile data applications and high multimedia content. The 3G model embodies true sophistication in terms of mobile technology but why was this phrase used to describe it? To answer this an...
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...Telecom market. Till date there are Six Telecom operators with broad range of technologies(Landline / Mobile / WLL) like PSTN, ADSL, GSM, CDMA, WCDMA, EVDO, NGN, SIP. Nepal Telecom ( previously Nepal Telecommunication Corporation) is the incumbent operator, owned by government of Nepal being the only one landline operator and almost all services/technologies in all areas of the nation. Ncell (previously Spice Nepal), a Teliasonera associate is fast growing GSM operator of the nation, adopting new business strategies and approach to allure customers to their network. STM sanchar, an American invest is a rural basic telephony operator with satellite link, especially available in Mountainous Region where there is no option for other services. UTL, United Telecom is a joint venture of three Indian Telecom giants( MTNL, TCIL, TCL) with Nepal Ventures Private Limited (NVPL), operating in CDMA technology for WLL and Mobile. Among Others, Nepal satellite and Smart cell are two operators given GSM License and frequency operating in different Rural VDC (Village development Committee) and later to get the license to operate all over nation (including populous cities Kathmandu, Biratnagar, Pokhara etc). Here are some major milestones in the history of telecommunication of Nepal. 2013_ _ _ Overall teledensity crossed 87% 2011 Overall Teledensity of Nepal crossed 50 percent. 2011 - - - - Launching of GSM 3G Data Only Service (Nepal Telecom) 2011 - - - - Launching of EasyPhone SIP...
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...Project Report On ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH RESPECT TO MOTOROLA MOBILE PHONES Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of degree for 3year course in BBA (3rd year) 2005-2008, Submitted by: certificate This is to certify that the project report titled " Analysis of customer satisfaction with respect to Motorola Mobile phones" is submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree of " Bachelors of Business Administration" at New Delhi Institute of Management, New Delhi is a bonafide project carried out by abc under my supervision and guidance and no part of this report has been submitted for the award or any other degree, diploma, fellowship or other similar titles or prizes and the work has not been published in any scientific or popular journal or magazines. (Signature of project guide) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT A Research study can’t be completed without the guidance, assistance, inspiration and cooperation from various quarters. This study also bears the inspiration of many persons. This project required hard work, sincerity and devotion which I tried my best to put in this project and in turn gained a lot of knowledge and confidence from this project. I am deeply grateful to I am also thankful to all the respondents who spared their valuable time for filling up the questionnaire and helped me out with this project. my project guide xyz who has helped me in completion of this project...
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...network infrastructures; traditional circuit-switched network nodes (switching points) for telephony, and packet-switched GPRS nodes for various data services. Dedicated nodes handle the SMS service. 4G systems are expected to be all-IP, meaning that the core network is based on IP routers.[citation needed] [edit]Services offered GPRS extends the GSM Packet circuit switched data capabilities and makes the following services possible: * SMS messaging and broadcasting * File manipulation functions * Active process block process * "Always on" internet access * Multimedia messaging service (MMS) * Push to talk over cellular (PoC) * Instant messaging and presence—wireless village * Internet applications for smart devices through wireless application protocol (WAP) * Point-to-point (P2P) service: inter-networking with the Internet (IP) * Point-to-Multipoint (P2M) service: point-to-multipoint multicast and point-to-multipoint group calls If SMS over GPRS is used, an SMS transmission speed of about 30 SMS messages per minute may be achieved. This is much faster than using the ordinary SMS over GSM, whose SMS transmission speed is about 6 to 10 SMS messages per minute. [edit]Protocols supported GPRS supports the following protocols:[citation needed] * Internet protocol (IP). In practice, built-in mobile browsers use IPv4 since IPv6 is not yet popular. * Point-to-point protocol (PPP). In this mode PPP is often not supported by the mobile...
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...Options: Evolution of Mobile Technologies: The Migration Path This is a brief overview of what has been already done and possible expected migration path of mobile operators. At the 2G phase, there were three major dominant systems in market: a) GSM operating in 900, 1800 and 1900MHz band, b) TDMA operating in 800MHz, 1900MHz and 850MHz (North America), and c) CDMA (IS-95) operating in 1900 and 800MHz band. 2G systems offered enhanced voice services and improved capacity to its customers. With the growing demand in mobile services and the need to connect corporate networks for data communications, an intermediate generation (2.5G) of technologies were developed: GPRS and EDGE (both in the GSM family), and cdma2000 1X-RTT. While migrating from 2G to 2.5G, operators made decisions based on their future planning and business interests targeting third generation (3G) networks. From 2G to 2.5G, GSM operators migrated to GPRS and EDGE systems with some of the TDMA operators also migrating to GSM/GPRS systems (see figure 1). Among them * Vodafone is the largest player with a global foot print in offering GSM/GPRS ser-vices. * Prominent TDMA operators in the United States include AT&T Wireless and Cingular Wireless. * Another major operator includes T-Mobile-USA, offering GSM/GPRS services. * In India, Bharti Cellular (AirTel), IDEA Cellular, Hutchison are some of the GPRS operators whose GPRS networks are in commercial and other GSM operators have announced...
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...It’s the best investment for the business in future increase in the large scale. Today, cellular phones are truly consumer electronics devices with over 59 million subscribers. Cell phones are the executive status to the consumers now days. My business plans an opportunity to become a highly distinguished and recognized leader in the cellular communications industry. In order to achieve this goal, critical success factors will be to identify emerging trends and integrate them into our company operations, respond quickly to technology changes/be there early, provide high-quality services, invest time and money in marketing and advertising, expand into specialty markets, and stay ahead of the "technology curve." It’s the important things in my business. Key to success Our company keys to success are; 1. Provide excellent customer service 2. Grow and maintain a referral network of customers 3. Focus expertise in GSM cellular phones and GSM cellular phone programs 4. Respond rapidly to customer problems with product or plan Mission My business mission is to offer its customers the highest quality cell phone products and services. Its owner focuses on personalized service to his customers by offering convenience and rapid service. Additionally, my business will have the technological expertise...
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...History of mobile phone Mobile phone being popular in modern era, in modern era most people in the world exactly have a mobile phone for communication to the other. Not only adult people even children and teenagers have mobile phone. In this era mobile phone become principle commodity. Not only for calling and sending massage but modern mobile phones have many other features such as: browsing internet, chatting or video call. Now I will explain about history of mobile phone The history of mobile phone was begun at 1947(colonial era) in America and Europe. In 1910 mobile phone invented by Lars Magnus Ericsson, he is the owner of Sony Ericsson Company. At first, he established the Ericsson Company for focus on telegraph, and his company is not too big at that time. In 1921 for the first time Detroit Michigan Police Department using mobile phone in all police cars by using 2 MHz frequency. In 1960, a company called Finnish Cable Works originally in cable business establishing an electronic company named Nokia as a mobile phone handset. In the 1970 the rapid development of the mobile phone became dominated by three large companies in Europe such as: Nokia, Sony Ericsson, and Motorola. In 1969, mobile phone marketed internationally. After 1970 mobile telecommunication became popular. Motorola introduces mobile phone three years later. Its size is quite large with a short antenna. There is also a mobile phone with a suitcase size. Dr. Cooper became the manager of Motorola company...
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...[pic]International Islamic University Chittagong (Dhaka Campus) Assignment On “Telecommunication Operator Banglalink™’s Operation in Bangladesh as MNE” Course Title: International Business Course Code: MKTG-5602 Assignment Submitted To Mr. Amir Ahmed International Islamic University Chittagong (Dhaka Campus) Assignment Submitted by, |Name |Metric No. | |Fuad Bin Mostafiz |M 091662 | |Md. Shahkwat Hossain |M091661 | |Md. Momenul Islam Khan |M 091651 | |Md. Zakir Hossain |M 091659 | |Khandkar Md. Zahiruddin |M091660 | ORIGIN OF THE REPORT This report is prepared for fulfilling the International Business, MKTG-5602; course requirement of Department Of DBA, International Islamic University Chittagong. This report mostly covers a research report on “Telecommunication Operator Banglalink™’s Operation in Bangladesh as MNE”. OBJECTIVE: Primary Objective: - Primary objective of the report is fulfilling the course requirement for Completion of MBA program under department of DBA, International Islamic University...
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...& Jansen, 2013). The field of mobile forensics is complicated as the variety in providers, manufacturers, propriety technologies and formats are extensive. These challenges are coupled with the fast release and upgrades to mobile devices making a forensic investigator’s job more arduous in attempting to examine and analyze these devices for the purpose of recovering data and evidence (Martin, 2008). This white paper will focus on the challenges of mobile device technology, the methodology utilized in examining these devices to recover data which is crucial to security investigations; which includes the tools, techniques and procedures necessary for gathering data from various similar devices. This paper will also focus on the training and expense of acquiring efficient forensic investigators and, as well as impending approaches for addressing challenges. Introduction “The goal of mobile forensics is the practice of utilizing sound methodologies for the acquisition of data contained within the internal memory of a mobile device and associated media providing the ability to accurately report one’s findings” Mobile devices, contrary to popular belief, includes an array of devices not limited to cellular phones and smartphones, but also include table devices, mp3 players, digital cameras and external USB drives. Most mobile devices include technologies such as geographic positioning systems (GPS), and multiple cameras frequently interconnected with the internet All of...
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...GSM BSS Network KPI (MOS) Optimization Manual INTERNAL Product Name GSM BSS Product Version V00R01 Confidentiality Level INTERNAL Total 36 pages GSM BSS Network KPI (MOS) Optimization Manual For internal use only Prepared by Reviewed by Reviewed by Granted by GSM&UMTS Network Performance Research Department Dong Xuan Date Date Date Date 2008-2-21 yyyy-mm-dd yyyy-mm-dd yyyy-mm-dd Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved 2011-08-04 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Page 1 of 36 GSM BSS Network KPI (MOS) Optimization Manual INTERNAL Revision Record Date 2008-1-21 2008-3-20 Revision Version 0.9 1.0 Change Description Draft completed. The document is modified according to review comments. Author Dong Xuan Wang Fei 2011-08-04 Huawei Technologies Proprietary Page 2 of 36 GSM BSS Network KPI (MOS) Optimization Manual INTERNAL GSM BSS Network KPI (MOS) Optimization Manual Key words: MOS, interference, BER, C/I, power control, DTX, frequency hopping, PESQ, PSQM /PSQM+, PAMS Abstract: With the development of the radio network, mobile operators become more focused on end users’ experience instead of key performance indicators (KPIs). The improvement of the end users’ experience and the improvement of the network capacity are regarded as KPIs. Therefore, Huawei must pay close attention to the improvement of the soft capability of the network quality as well as the fulfillment of KPIs. At present, there are three...
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...http://www.rediff.com/money/2006/sep/29bspec.htm What is 3G spectrum? How does it help It's boom time for mobile phones in India [ Images ]. And people are looking forward to more information, faster data access and multimedia services through their mobile phones. 3G technology is here to turn this dream into reality. It's a technology anxiously awaited by telecom operations and subscribers in India. How long do you have to wait? Not very long! India is all set to launch 3G mobile telephone services by June 2007. According to Telecom Regulatory Authority of India chairman Nripendra Misra, a total of 32.5 MHz is available for allocation within the next 6-9 months. Trai has also recommended auctioning 200 MHz for broadband wireless access services like Wimax (worldwide interoperability for microwave access) and has proposed a national frequency management board to oversee spectrum availability and its efficient use. He hopes that the allocated spectrum would be enough for the next two years and said Trai would recommend freeing up more spectrum for those who lose out in this auction. So what is 3G spectrum all about? Read on. What is spectrum? Radio spectrum refers to a range of radio frequencies. The bandwidth of a radio signal is the difference between the upper and lower frequencies of the signal. For example, in the case of a voice signal having a minimum frequency of 200 hertz (Hz) and a maximum frequency of 3,000 Hz, the bandwidth is 2,800 Hz (3 KHz). The amount...
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