...Catherine Smiths concepts. These lessons included identifying the problem and who is affected, be specific, have a clear and organized structure, establish credibility, avoid stereotypes, establish policy communicators thinking, appropriate genre, appropriate tone, establish knowledge, perspective, position, and include appropriate word choice. By following these lessons, I have created powerful documents. In my legislative history memo, I identified the problem of the pattern of gun control, that all citizens are affected by the issue. Next, I included specific gun regulations to support my argument. I used headings and bullets to create organization. I established my credibility with research and knowledge of my topic and avoided any stereotypes. I established a policy communicator thinking my being concise and to the point. I created an appropriate genre and tone for the topic at hand. I established the perspective as a concerned citizen and stated my position on the repeat pattern of gun control. Lastly, I included metaphorical language to enhance my overall paper. Furthermore, in my Virginia Handbook policy memo, I established the problem as unclear voter ballot guidelines and voters and politicians are affected by this problem. Next, I included a background of the questioning of the Virginia Handbook guidelines. I used heading to create a clear structure of my memo I avoided stereotypes and established credibility through my research on the issue. I established a policy...
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...examples in politics and environmental issues to further make the case against empathy. He shows how empathy helped create political parties and conflicting ideologies. According to Bloom, “Liberals argue for gun control, for example, by focusing on the victims of gun violence; conservatives point to the unarmed victims of crime, defenseless against the savagery of others” (par. 18). While using a very relatable aspect of the United States, he provides an example of the kerfuffle that empathy can cause at times. He also discusses the effect of empathy on issues like criminal justice and global warming. By expanding his study from instances of tragedy to other exemples, Bloom strengthens his ethos. If all the examples he provides would have just been about tragedies, readers might question his rhetoric or if he cherry-picked his examples. However, he dodges that bullet by broadening his topic, which helps him be more persuasive. This also speaks to Bloom’s audience awareness. By using those examples, he is appealing to politicians and proponents of global warming. Along with specific examples, Bloom uses an anecdote to make his argument more relatable. This anecdote is about a letter exchange between an eight-year old girl and the president of the United States. In her letter, the girl suggests that Barack Obama should “enforce recycling and ban unnecessary wars” to which Obama replies, “If you don’t already know what it means, I want you to look up the word ‘empathy’ in the dictionary”...
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...INTRODUCTION This assignment endeavors to discuss in detail; (i). the circumstances under which words threatening violence may constitute a tortuous assault. (ii). How the victim’s consent may defeat an action for battery. It is thus arrived at with the aid extracted from works of various renowned scholars, judicial precedents both binding and persuasive, and the legitimate Acts of parliament as well as, the student’s module which is a guide to the course outline. Assault and battery are considered as a single offence under criminal law. However, tort law insists on taking them as separate offences and considers their distinction very essential. Assault is the act which creates fear for potential battery. In other words it is the very act that will lead the victim to apprehend an immediate violence of a battery, while battery is the actual infliction of unlawful force onto the victim. It follows therefore that where “X” stones “Y” but misses, constitutes an assault, the actual physical contact on “Y” becomes a battery. Both assault and battery are deemed and considered to be intentional torts. Meaning that, the defendant intended to cause the plaintiff to apprehend. The wrongful touching need not to inflict physical injury .That wrongful contact may as well be indirect (such as contact through a thrown stone; or spitting). ASSAULT An assault involves; • An intentional, unlawful threat or...
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...11 Position Papers I f you like to argue, you will enjoy writing position papers and argument essays. The purpose of a position paper or argument essay is to explain both sides of a controversy and then argue for one side over the other. This two-sided approach is what makes position papers and argument essays different from commentaries (Chapter 10). A commentary usually only expresses the author’s personal opinion about a current issue or event. A position paper or argument essay explains both sides and discusses why one is stronger or better than the other. Your goal is to fairly explain your side and your opponents’ side of the issue, while highlighting the differences between these opposing views. You need to use solid reasoning and factual evidence to persuade your readers that your view is more valid or advantageous than your opponents’ view. In college, your professors will ask you to write position papers and argument essays to show that you understand both sides of an issue and can support one side or the other. In the workplace, corporate position papers are used to argue for or against business strategies or alternatives. The ability to argue effectively is a useful skill that will help you throughout your life. 221 CHAPTER AT–A–GLANCE Position Papers This diagram shows two basic organizations for a position paper, but other arrangements of these sections will work too. In the pattern on the left, the opponents’ position is described up front with its...
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...Do we hav freedom ? * You could say that there is more Freedom of speech, because in the US you can say ANYTHING while in many European countries hate speech is forbidden. That's a question of personal opinion, personally I prefer when hate speech is forbidden, I don't think Freedom of speech's role is to protect racist/xenophobic/homophobic pigs. Americans also have the "freedom" to own guns (though it isn't completely forbidden in other Western countries, just less easy), but this "freedom" is considered barbaric in most of the Western world and is even seen as a threat towards the freedom of others. The fact that it leads to high crime rates doesn't help. For some reason, Americans often seem to associate "Freedom" with guns and most Westerners don't understand that. Freedom of Religion is VERY different among "free" countries. Issues linked to Religion are also treated very differently. "Red Rover", the American Bill of Rights is far, really far from being alone. For example, the slightly older French "Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen" is generally considered as the reference for Human Rights. As for the religious aspect of the American Bill or Rights, claiming it's a good thing is a matter of personnal opinion. That and its lack of universalism (it's only about American citizens) are probably the reason the "French" Bill of Rights is considered the reference. You (like other answerers) also seem to think that Democracy (and...
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...University of La Verne Point Mugu, California Martin Luther King Jr. A paper prepared for Leadership in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree Bachelors of Arts in Organizational Management February 11, 2011 Instructor: Mr. Stadler Chapter One Introduction The leader I have chosen to analyze is Martin Luther King Jr. He is someone I find as a fascinating leader and changed the lives of million worldwide. He was known as the moral leader of the United States and was born January 15 1929 at Atlanta, Georgia. Jacqueline L. Harris coauthor of marching to freedom provides a detailed concise biography and introduction to our moral leader Martin Luther King Jr. His father was the pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church. As a member of a black middle-income family, young Martin never felt the pinch of poverty. But his family could not protect him from the cruelties of racism. As Martin grew up, he kept his mother's words in mind: "You are as good as anyone." King earned degrees from Morehouse College in Atlanta and Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania. He then went to Boston University, where he earned a doctorate. In Boston he met Coretta Scott. They married in 1953 and settled in Montgomery, Alabama, where King had been appointed pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church. Not long after King arrived in Montgomery, he was asked to lead a black boycott of the city buses. The black people of Montgomery had decided that they would not...
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...Guns, Germs and Steel Page 1 GUNS, GERMS, AND STEEL: The Fates of Human Societies By Jared Diamond, 1997 About the Author: Jared Diamond is a professor of physiology at UCLA School of Medicine. He is a recipient of a MacArthur Foundation Fellowship and was awarded a 1999 National Medal of Science. He is also the author of The Third Chimpanzee. SUMMARY The book asks and attempts to answer the question, once humankind spread throughout the world, why did different populations in different locations have such different histories? The modern world has been shaped by conquest, epidemics, and genocide, the ingredients of which arose first in Eurasia. The book’s premise is that those ingredients required the development of agriculture. Agriculture also arose first in Eurasia, not because Eurasians were superior in any way to people of other continents, but because of a unique combination of naturally occurring advantages, including more and more suitable wild crops and animals to domesticate, a larger land mass with fewer barriers to the spread of people, crops, and technology, and an east-west axis which meant that climate was similar across the region. The book is well written and contains not only information about the history of cultures around the world, but excellent descriptions of the scientific methodologies used to study them, from how archeologists study the origin of agriculture to how writing evolved to how linguistics can trace the movements of peoples across huge geographic...
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...Please work your way through the lecture guide that appears below. During the final week of the course, your knowledge of this material will help you to complete the challenging “Critical Thinking Assignment.” So, carefully work your way through this. Best of wishes! --Prof. Hartog Week #14: Critical Thinking Lecture Guide adapted from Moore/Parker by John Hartog 3 points will be awarded with the assumption that you have worked your way through this Lecture Guide in preparation for the Assignment. A statement is ambiguous when it is subject to more than one interpretation, and which interpretation is the correct one is not clear. Example: “How Therapy Can Help Torture Victims” [a headline in a newspaper]. There are three kinds of ambiguity: (1) semantic, example: “I am a huge Mustang fan.” (2) syntactic, example: “The two suspects fled the scene before the officer arrived in a white Ford.” (3) grouping, example: “College professors make millions of dollars a year.” A statement is vague when it lacks sufficient precision to convey the information appropriate for its use(s). Vagueness is a matter of degree. Examples: (1) Jim is not feeling well. (2) Jim has flu-like symptoms. (3) Jim has an upset stomach and a fever. (4) Jim is nauseated and has a fever of more than 103. In order to think critically, one must think clearly. Some definitions can enable clearer thinking. There are major three kinds of definitions: (1) definition by synonym...
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...Jasmine Anthony Mrs. Kenney English 112 April 29, 2014 Legalizing Concealed Weapons: Research Synthesis Many times people confuse whether or not allowing gun laws actually reduces the crime rate. As gun rights is a natural born right of citizens, some believe that should be banned, and many others believe that the law should be extended to lawful citizens. Based on my own experiences there have been several instances where I wish a legalized weapon was in arms reach. There was an instance about 7 years ago where my little brother and I were the only two in the house and an intruder broke in while we were there. No one was hurt or injured but it was traumatic for two children as it happened right after my mom had went to work. I would have felt more secure and confident if I was to know that a legalized weapon was around for our protection. Through research, why concealed carry laws should be implied into every state's legislation will be debated and each point of view will be expressed. As this topic applies to everyone, every citizen should have the opportunity to exercise their rights. Many people are victims to crimes that they could have gotten away from. How many rape cases could have been avoided? How many school shootings could have been prevented before the shooting began? All of the latter mentioned cases are incidents that could significantly reduce our crime rate if concealed carry laws were in effect in every state. Also included in this essay will be a viewpoint...
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...Bandura (1983) used his Social Learning Theory to explain this. Watching violent role models may increase violent behaviour in those who are already motivated to behave aggressively. TV may also teach viewers the positive and negative consequences of behaving aggressively. Research on the role of observational learning from media in antisocial behaviour has shown: ‐ Bandura et al (1986): Children aged 3‐5 were shown films of a model behaving aggressively towards a “bobo doll”. The doll was hit, thrown, sat on and punched in the nose 3 times during the film. The children were then lead to laboratory containing toys (including the bobo doll), and were observed during free play. 88% of the children imitated the behaviour seen in the film‐ significantly more than a control group of children who did not see the film. ‐ Bobo dolls do not retaliate when hit. This raises questions as to how much this study tells us about the effect of media influences on antisocial behaviour towards other human beings. ‐ Smith et al (2004): The children’s behave would be better defined as “rough and tumble play” rather than aggression. ‐ Some have labelled Bandura’s study as artificial, as it was designed to study behaviours that children would not usually display. ‐ Johnston et al (1977): Children who behaved aggressively after observing an adult model were identified as more violent in general by their teachers and peers. ‐ Children in the study showed signs of demand characteristics. Noble (1975) quoted one child as ...
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...CHAP TER Rhetorical Modes 1. NARRATION L E A R N I N G O B J E C T I V E S 10 1. Identify the purpose and structure of narrative writing. 2. Recognize how to write a narrative essay. Rhetorical modes simply mean the ways in which we can effectively communicate through language. This chapter covers nine common rhetorical modes. As you read about these nine modes, keep in mind that the rhetorical mode a writer chooses depends on his or her purpose for writing. Sometimes writers incorporate a variety of modes in one essay. In covering the nine rhetorical modes, this chapter also emphasizes these as a set of tools that will allow you greater flexibility and effectiveness in communicating with your audience and expressing your ideas. rhetorical modes The ways in which we effectively communicate through language. 1.1 The Purpose of Narrative Writing Narration means the art of storytelling, and the purpose of narrative writing is to tell stories. Any time you tell a story to a friend or family member about an event or incident in your day, you engage in a form of narration. In addition, a narrative can be factual or fictional. A factual story is one that is based on, and tries to be faithful to, actual events as they unfolded in real life. A fictional story is a made-up, or imagined, story; the writer of a fictional story can create characters and events as he or she sees fit. However, the big distinction between factual and fictional narratives is based on a writer’s purpose...
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...Write out answers to the questions in Exercises 1.1 and 1.2 in the Cederblom and Paulsen textbook as you come to them. • You may omit #5 of Exercise 1.2 on page 14. • For Question C on page 15, you may work with one of the accompanying editorials. • After completing the exercises in the textbook, as outlined above, it will be useful for you to produce a short piece of writing. This is a starting point in developing your reasoning skills, and it will be used later to help you improve your writing. In a paragraph or two, express an opinion on one of the following issues and support it: • a. censorship • b. capital punishment • c. abortion • d. use of alcohol or other drugs • e. marriage • f. single parenting • g. gun laws • h. building new prisons • i. the prospects for your generation[1] UNIT 2- Exercise 2 When you have completed the reading, answer the questions in Exercise 2.3, on pages 36–38 of Critical Reasoning. UNIT 3 -Exercise 1 Please answer the questions in Exercise 4.3, pages 98 to 99 of Critical Reasoning. Also do mini quiz on moodle. UNIT 4 - Miniquiz 1 Translate the following statements into standard-form categorical propositions. 1. Violets are blue. 2. There are glasses in the dining room. 3. Only faculty members may use the lounge. 4. Insults make her angry. 5. Every dog has his day. 6. A rare warbler was sighted in this area last week. 7. Any one will do. 8. Shakespeare lived in the sixteenth century. ...
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...History of International Relations – HIR THE ESSAY Student Name: Hoang Phuong Student ID: DVB07- 0097 - 2014 Tutor: Prof. John Welfield Topic: Why did the leaders of the Meiji government in Japan decide to construct a great empire in Asia? Analyse the implementation of Japan’s Imperial Grand Strategy during the Meiji, Taisho and early Showa eras (i.e 1868 – 1945). Why did Japan’s imperial project end in disaster? What lessons can be draw? Word count (excluding references): 3857 The world in 19th century had seen the breakdown and collapse of numerous empires and kingdoms of Europe and Asia: first The Holy Roman Empire in 1806, then the defeat of Waterloo (1815) - which marked the end of Napoleonic Era, moreover, 19th century also witnessed the decline of the Ottoman Empire. On the other hand, this paved the way for other nations like England, France, Russia or China, to rise as new powers. During that time, Japan had dynamic political changes - the hundred-years-peace concreted by the Tokugawa Shogunate could not last any longer as the spread of Western imperialism was becoming larger in Asia. Therefore, the government of the Meiji realized that: Japan should become an Empire and emerge as the paramount Asian power along with her European counterparts, to maintain the balance of power so as to develop its national interests–...
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...Locker−Kienzler: Business and Administrative Communication, Eighth Edition III. Basic Business Messages 10. Informative and Positive Messages © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2008 C H A P T E R 10 Informative and Positive Messages Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, you will know: 1 When to use common business media. 2 How to use the chosen channel effectively. 3 How to write letters and memos. 4 How to compose some of the common varieties of informative and positive messages. Locker−Kienzler: Business and Administrative Communication, Eighth Edition III. Basic Business Messages 10. Informative and Positive Messages © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2008 IN THE NEWS All in a Day’s (Communication) Work im Donald, CEO and president of Starbucks, He is also known for visiting his stores, where he knows the value of informative and positive dons the green apron, goes behind the counter, and talks messages. His days are full of them. On the with employees. When he is in Seattle, he visits about day of his Fortune magazine interview, around 20 Starbucks a week; when he is traveling, about 10 a day. 6 AM he left a voice mail for Although you probably don’t 100 regional managers, wrote want his e-mail load, you might personal thank-you notes to “He gets 200–250 emails daily and appreciate his meeting time lim25 employees, and signed 500 responds personally to 75% of them.” its. He books meetings for an birthday cards. He will sign hour...
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...idioms, again you will be able to use the list below to learn any idioms that you read about or hear about you don't understand. List of Idioms A - Z A Idioms A big cheese- an important or a powerful person in a group or family A bird’s eye view- a view from a very high place which allows you to see a large area A bone of contention- something that people argue for a long time A cock and a bull story- a story or an explanation which is obviously not true. At the crack of the dawn- very early in morning A cuckoo in the nest- someone in a group of people but not liked by them. A litmus test- a method which clearly proves something As the crow flies- measuring distance between two places in a straight line. A dead letter- an argument or law not followed by anyone. At the drop of the hat- u do something easily and without any preparation file:///C:/Users/harpalvirk/Desktop/A - Z idioms list learning English idioms.htm 1/13 8/25/13 An early bird- someone who gets early in the morning A - Z idioms list learning English idioms An educated guess- a guess which was likely to get corrected At the...
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