...European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions EMCC case studies Industrial change in the textiles and leather sector: Hennes & Mauritz Company facts Market dynamics and company changes Organisation and the market Employees Virtualisation of the workplace Research and development Contact details Source list EMCC case studies are available in electronic format only Wyattville Road, Loughlinstown, Dublin 18, Ireland. - Tel: (+353 1) 204 31 00 - Fax: 282 42 09 / 282 64 56 email: postmaster@eurofound.eu.int - website: www.eurofound.eu.int Company facts Hennes & Mauritz (H&M) is well known throughout Europe as a highly successful company selling low-priced fashion clothing and accessories. Erling Persson established the company in Sweden in 1947, and today the Persson family is still on the company board. In recent years, Hennes & Mauritz has been very successful, expanding its outlets at a rapid pace. Today it is one of the most important players on the retail fashion textile market. After opening its first store (as Hennes) in Sweden in 1947, the company expanded to the Danish and Norwegian markets in the 1960s and to the British market in 1976. In 1965, following the take-over of Mauritz, the company became Hennes & Mauritz. In 1974 the company was quoted on the Swedish stock exchange. Since then, Hennes & Mauritz has been entering several other European countries at a steady pace, being present in the USA since the year 2000. Today Hennes...
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...Introduction H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB, now operating as “H&M” is a retail-clothing company, launched in 1947 by Erling Persson who just came back from United States, bringing the idea of selling fashion products for women at a low price from oversea. The first shop called “Hennes” which only sold women clothes, opened in 1947, in Vasteras, Sweden. In 1968, the founder take-over “Mauritz Widforss” shops : Hennes changes its name to “Hennes and Mauritz” and the brand will begin selling fashion clothes to men and women from that day. Then in the 70’, the brand started to sell clothes for kids “Fashion and quality at the best price” (H&M) H&M has been at the forefront of affordable chic for some time now. From its Swedish base, Hennes and Mauritz has grown into a major multinational clothes and cosmetics retailer. Nowaday, internationally known for its fast-fashion clothing, H&M offers low prices fashion products for women, men, teenagers and children including everything from modern basics to high fashion. The company has over 2,300 stores in 43 countries, in 4 continents (Africa, Asia, Europe and North America) However, the company does not have their own factories but work with plenty of designers and buyers from all around the world. In 2011, H&M employed around 94,000 people and is ranked the first largest global clothing retailer, just ahead Spain-based Inditex (parent company of ZARA). The branding consultancy Interbrand ranked the company...
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...H&M, which was formally known as “Hennes” (The Swedish word for “hers”) was founded by Erling Persson in 1947. The first store was opened in Vasteras, Sweden, and only women’s apparels were sold during that time. In 1968, Erling Persson bought Mauritz Widforrs, which was a hunting and gun store in Stockham. Soon enough, Men’s apparel was introduced and made available in the store. The company then changes its name to Hennes & Mauritz (H&M in short). Ever since then, H&M has expanded its store worldwide. H&M sells clothing and accessories that caters for women, men, teenagers and children for every occasion. It has expanded their stores around the world in Asia, Europe, Middle East & North Africa and North America and aims to increase the number of stores by 10-15% per year. In 2011, when H&M announced that they are launching their first ever outlet in Singapore, it was a much-anticipated event because their apparels are trendy, affordable and they are known for their quality. According to the data provided by the official website, there are over 94,000 employees, working in approximately 2,500 stores spread over 40 markets world wide. During the end of the financial year in November 2009, the company recorded an earning of SEK118,697 million ($15,473.3 million) which seen an increase of 14.1% over 2008. Operating profit in FY2009 was SEK21,644 million, an increase of 7.5% over 2008 whereas the total net profit was SEK16,384 million in FY2009 with an increase of 7.1% over...
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...especially in this time frame that we are living in. this is where the popular clothing brand H&M comes in. since Erling Persson acknowledges that the society is dependant and are up to date with the latest fashion trends and he has took upon himself to develop clothing to make the consumers a victim of “vanity slaves” Hennes & Mauritz which has been known H&M for decades is a very popular retail clothing company known for its trendy fashions targeted for women, men, teenagers and children. The company's founder Erling Persson traveled in 1946 and came up with the business idea which was to offer fashionable clothing at great prices. In 1947 he opened his first shop in Vasters, Sweden called "Hennes”, where he exclusively sold women's clothing. "Hennes" is Swedish and means "for her" and/or "hers". 1968 clothing retailer Mauritz Widforss took over, which led to the inclusion of a menswear collection in the offer and the name change to "Hennes & Mauritz" (H & M). In 1998, the company succeeded her initials "HM" which was the combination of both names. The company offers great items for everyone, that’s the major result of their success. The multimillion company has gained so much popularity that they have managed to branch out 2776 stores in 43 countries around the world. The company has successfully globalised their brand but they’ve done achieved this the cruel and easy way. H&M is one of the most successful affordable clothing companies worldwide. The question is how this...
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...Ricky Cheers H&M in India In 2015, H&M opened its first store in India. The emerging market of India was an obvious choice for them. The Swedish retailer is actually behind its competitors of taking advantage of the Indian market. H&M opened its first store in 1947. It was located in Västerås, Sweden and specialized in only women’s clothing. The store was just called Hennes then. Hennes means “hers” in Swedish. In 1964, Hennes opened its first store outside of Sweden, in Norway. In 1968, the company’s founder Erling Persson bought a hunting apparel retailer called Mauritz Widforss. Soon they would start to sell men’s and children's clothing. The name was changed to Hennes and Mauritz and today we have H&M. After the first store opened outside of Sweden in 1964, H&M started to expand more into Europe. Next was Denmark, Switzerland, Germany and the United Kingdom. In 1976, the first store outside of Scandinavia was opened in London. In 1998, online shopping became available for H&M. The company did not expand outside of Europe until 2000, when it came to the U.S. Today there are over 400 stores in the U.S. alone. Worldwide there are over 3,700 stores in 61 different countries and it is the second largest global retailer. H&M specializes in “fast fashion”. Fast fashion is a term used by fashion retailers to express that designs move from the catwalk quickly in order to capture current fashion trends. Fast fashion clothing collections are based...
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...75 H&M ( ， ， 。 ， ， , 100029) ， 。 。 H&M H&M ， H&M ; ; ; ; Abstract:Crossover marketing is one of the most popular marketing strategies. With the continuous practice, it has been gradually becoming a global trend. As the leader of fast-fashion industry, H&M gains huge success around the world. Its fabulous fashion style and crossover marketing , these made the brand closer to consumers. This thesis has analyzed about the crossover marketing strategy of H&M and concluded some inspiration to China clothing business based on the research result. Key words:H&M ；crossover marketing ；Crossover of design ；Crossover of region ；Crossover of promotion ；Crossover of channel F274 1947 100 H&M 2009 132.65 29 。 、 CROSSOVER 。 。 / 。 。 H&M 。 1、 H&M 。 。 H&M 。 。 。 Lagerfeld 2005 Stella McCartney 11 CHLOE 、 。2004 Chanel 。 Karl Lagerfeld 500 H&M 。 。 GUCCI —— —Stella McCartney for 400 。 Karl “Karl Lagerfeld For H&M” Fendi —— —Karl Lagerfeld 。 、 。 、 H&M H&M 。 。 2004 2 73000 28 2008 。 2007 。 4 12 34 104041 H&M Millward Brown 2009 H&M 120 。 。 · 100 。 — 4 2000 2003 120 mini cooper —— —mini motion 2 part shoe。 、 1700 。 H&M 。 。 。 。 A 1671-8089 （2010 ）02-0075-03 76 H&M。 、 H&M 。 H&M 。2006 VICTOR&ROLF 2007 Roberto Cavalli 2008 H&M 。 2009 。 2、 H&M 。2007 。 。 。 H&M H&M 。 Kylie Minogue Kylie 。 H&M 2007 。 H&M 1947 。 。 H&M 。 H&M 2006 H&M Alshaya 。 H&M H&M 、 。 、 H&M H&M 。 H&M 2 。 H&M 、 、 。 2009 2 28 。 。H&M 1964 34 H&M H&M 1700 H&M H&M 《 6 。H&M 2》 H&M H&M loves Kylie 。 、 M by Madonna...
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...All in the Family a show which aired from 1971-1983 was one of the most important and influential series that aired during the time frame mentioned above. This show did not shy away from addressing controversial or socially relevant issues. MASH (Mobile Army Surgical Hospital) aired from 1972-1983, this show was revolved around the 4077th MASH which was one of the surgical units stationed in Korea during the Korean War (1950-1953). The staff of a Korean War field hospital used humor to keep their sanity in the face of the horror of war. The issues that All in the Family addressed were religious, political, social and personal issues. Archie Bunker one of the main characters, was better known as a bigot, a prejudice blue collar backlasher against liberal and permissive values. He treated his wife Edith with no respect, always argued wit his daughter, and verbally assaulted his son-in-law. MASH addressed political and social issues. This show was mostly liberal and this show often criticized politicians who mired the United States in Vietnam (Davidson, Delay, Heyrman, Lytle, & Stoff pg. 932). Both All in the Family and MASH were condemned by the religious right because they believed that shows played a major role in corrupting the family values. Religious right considered the shows of the 1970s to being permissive, having positive portrayal of unmarried women, premarital sex along with drug use, profanity, homosexuality, nudity, violence and prejudices. The religious right was...
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...MASH The first thing I noticed was the awesome theme music. I remember seeing reruns of M*A*S*H as a kid and turning the channel immediately because the opening theme made it sound like a drama and not something funny. So when the lyrics of the song are sung at the beginning of the film it catches me off guard. “Suicide is painless”, is one of the stupidest lyrics I think I've ever heard but I think that was the point of director Robert Altman. I later did some research and found out the song was written by the director's 14 year old son. Something else I noticed right off the bat was how familiar a lot of the faces were but I couldn't put a name on any of them until the credits rolled, Donald Sutherland, Elliot Gould, and Robert Duvall being the most familiar. Up until a few years ago I had no idea M*A*S*H was a movie before it was a show. So when we were assigned the film I had expectations of seeing some of the cast members of the series. Apparently I was wrong because I didn't see any whatsoever. From what I've read, the show is based on the movie, and the movie is based on the book so all the characters are exactly the same. I have to say this. Hawkeye and Trapper John are now two of my favorite movie characters of all time. Sutherland and Gould played their respective parts so nonchalantly that you forget they're both actually trained surgeons in the middle of a very bloody war. I have to admit the zaniness of the film touched a bit too close to something I would...
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...differentperspective with regard to their responsibilities. More than most Weaver employees, Higgins has athorough understanding of Japanese culture and expectations and is able toidentify with the Japanese perspective. Prescott was notsensitive to the common Japanese tradition of lifetime employment(Moriguchi & Ono, 2 4), while Higgins did not discuss his concerns orplans with Prescott. Prescott takes acompany-centered view with an American emphasis while Higgins takes anemployee-centered view with a Japanese emphasis. The advantage to this approach is that it provides universal policiesaround the world so that as managers move from one country to another, theydo not have to learn an entirely new set of policies. ReferencesMoriguchi, C., & Ono, H. Prescott and Higgins appear to have diametrically opposed viewson how to implement U.S. LeonardPrescott, vice-president and general manager of Weaver-Yamazaki has workedin a variety of countries as well as the home office for Weaver; hisexecutive assistant, John Higgins, speaks fluent Japanese and is veryfamiliar with Japanese culture. personnel policies in Japan. Prescott views Weaver as an American company withoperations around the world, whether in India, the Philippines, Mexico,Japan or someplace else. He has worked in several different countries andhas presumably been successful at implementing American personnel policieswithout much adaptation to local culture. He has married a Japanese woman, traveled extensively in Japan,foregone his...
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...Analyse the market of H & M and how well the company aligns its operations with its market. H M market can be analysed by using the following dimensions as described by D A Aaker. a) Market size & Market growth: Despite the fierce competition and being in the mature market, H & M has gained reputation of one of the biggest fashion retailer in Europe. The company has been able to maintain and expand its market share/size in the international market by focusing on price, quality and fashion/ market trends. Company’s operations alignment: a) Since establishment, H & M has used cost leadership strategy (Porter 1980) by producing and selling stylish garments at low prices. b) In 1987, the quality was added to this business strategy to offer the customer added value to have gain further competitive advantage against its competitors. The company has various quality tests are carried out at the suppliers factories to ensure they adhere to the company’s quality standards. c) H & M has been able to market development strategy (Ansoff) making its market presence in 16 countries through 1,345 stores. The company operates in Europe, North America, Asia and Middleast (through franchise). d) A wide geographical market presence has enabled the company to diversity its business risk. e) Company’s close review of the store performance has enabled the management to act efficiently resulting in closure of non profit or loss making stores and opening of new stores at more profitable...
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...Environment Analysis using PESTEL The macro environment analysis will be done through the PESTEL model. Its factor are divided as follows, Political Primary political factors that may affect H&M and the fashion apparel industry are a. Political Stability b. Liberalisation of the world c. Taxes and Tariff a. The political stability of any country affects any business operation. H&M operate in 43 countries and hence its political risk is highly diversified. This diversity allows H&M to minimal political risk. b. The liberalization of the world to the clothing and textile industry is an important incident. This greatly increases the number of supplier globally and competition among them intensified. This is an opportunity to the industry as with large number of supplier, it allows the industry to choose the lowest cost supplier. c. The taxes and tariff that are regulates by the authority of the country affects company after-tax income. H&M who operate in 43 countries, any country changes it tax and tariff regulation will affect the company overall profit. The political stability and the liberalization of the world bring opportunity to the industry. Liberalization although bought competitor but also bought a large amount of supplier and opportunity which overall bring the operation cost down. Economic The fashion apparel industry is very sensitive to the economic condition. As the economy is recovering from the recession, it bring with it higher standard of living...
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...Running head: COMPARING FINANCIAL REPORTS BETWEEN A&F AND H&M 1 A Comparison in the Financial Accounting Methods Used by Abercrombie & Fitch and H&M January 2012 COMPARING FINANCIAL REPORTS BETWEEN A&F AND H&M 2 Abstract Financial accounting encompasses compiling operating figures that any business or organization uses to account for their operations. For business strict guidelines must be followed to be in compliance with Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) rules when filing annual reports. This paper will examine, compare and contrast the differences in accounting styles and profitability of two clothing retail giants. Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F) is a domestic retailer based out of Ohio with over 300 outlets in the United States and Hennes & Mauritz AB (H&M) a Swedish outfit that is by sales the world’s second largest clothing retailer. The income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement from each company’s annual report will be compared and contrasted to examine differences in style and methodology. COMPARING FINANCIAL REPORTS BETWEEN A&F AND H&M 3 A Comparison in the Financial Accounting Methods Used by Abercrombie & Fitch and H&M The scope of this paper is to examine, compare and contrast the differences in accounting styles...
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...Its Assembly language programming Dr A Sahu Dept of Computer Science & Engineering Engineering IIT Guwahati Outline • 8085 Era and Features • 8085 – Block diagram (Data Path) – Bus Structure – Register Structure g • Instruction Set of 8085 • Sample program of 8085 Sample program of 8085 • Simulator & Kit for 8085 8085 Microprocessor 8085 Microprocessor • • • • • • • • 8 Bit CPU 3‐6Mhz Simpler design: Single Cycle CPU p g g y ISA = Pre x86 design (Semi CISC) 40 Pin Dual line Package 40 Pin Dual line Package 16 bit address 6 registers: B, C, D, E, H,L Accumulator 8 bit 8085 Microprocessor Architecture ReSeT6.5 INTR INTA RST5.5 RST7.5 TRAP SID Interrupt Control SOD Serial I/O Control Bus 8 Bit ACC MUX tmp R IR ALU Timing and Control I Decode I Decode & M/C Encodin g Z B Flag W C D E H L SP PC Inc/Dec. ter / Add latch Add Buff Data/Add Buff The 8085 Bus Structure A15 Address Bus (16bit) A0 Memory I/P 8085 MPU D7 D0 O/P Data Bus (8bit) Control Bus (8bit) 8085 Bus Structure • Address Bus : Consists of 16 address lines: A0 – A15 Address Bus : Consists of 16 address lines: A – Address locations: 0000 (hex) – FFFF (hex) – Can access 64K ( = 216 ) bytes of memory, each byte has 8 bits ( ) y y, y – Can access 64K × 8 bits of memory – Use memory to map I/O, Same instructions to use for accessing I/O devices and memory ...
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...H&M Case Study H&M is a Swedish retailer in fashion apparel industry and was founded in 1947 by Erling Persson. The fashion apparel industry is often regarded to be one of the most difficult branches to operate in, due to short product cycles, volatile demand and fierce competition in an increasingly globalized world. Mass-market pioneer in fast-fashion business Structure: 1) Name model 2) Mention why and/or when to use 3) Analyses PESTEC * Political factors that affect businesses include new legislation such as the national minimum wage and setting tax rates such as VAT or Corporation Tax. * Economic factors that affect firms are inflation and unemployment, interest rates and exchange rates (if importing or exporting goods abroad). * Social factors that can affect businesses include fashions, tastes and trends, and also demographic factors such as the ageing population of the UK. This has seen the rise of what is called the 'grey pound' – an increased number of wealthier older people with a disposable income. * Technological factors consist of the rapid automation of factory and industrialised work, or the worldwide increase of retailing online, e-commerce. * Environmental factors that affect firms are mainly concerned with being sustainable and being ethical. Examples of these issues are the recycling of used products, whether products are bio-degradable and the disposal of industrial waste. * Competitive factors is concerned...
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...------------------------------------------------- Case Study on H&M Module 1, Business Organization and EnvironmentHuman, physical and financial resources to create goods and servicesH&M is a popular clothing store and it is usually cheaper than other brands. H&M carry out its goods and services through human, physical and financial resources. The resources are designer, stylist, Media (models), stakeholders, distributing channels (stores or online) and share holders. Human resources like designer, stylist, models and shopkeepers are promoted through media to attract customer to increase demands. Most importantly the clothing is up to date with the most recent fashion trend. It sets up a positive image that H&M’s clothing are fashionable and at the same time customers does not need to spend a huge amount of money to be fashionable. Promotion through media also helps gain popularity for their goods and services.H&M Physical Resources plays an important role to create goods and services. The distribution channels are the only possible direct access for customers to consume their goods and services. H&M has distribution channels world wide even on online stores. This various types of distribution channels not only increase its popularity but become similar to a convenient store where customers can easily access to H&M’s goods and services. The Financial resources come from the shareholders, customers and other stakeholders. These people are the business’s...
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