...positive reinforcement to the executive when the firm becomes more financially successful. It also serves as a negative reinforcement when the firm is doing poorly. While stock-based compensation may seem fairly logical, it results in an undiversified portfolio, which is not ideal as an investment because of unsystematic risk (Ross, Westerfield, & Jaffe, 2013). Hedging by executives has become a popular option for executives with stock-based compensation who want to reduce the risk of their portfolio (Dunham, Managerial Hedging and Firm Risk, 2010). The ethical dilemma of executive hedging has been a controversy in the corporate finance world for many decades. Some recent examples of executive hedging involve companies like Krispy Kreme, Hasbro, and Chattem. Dunham and Washer describe the major increase and decrease of stock prices for Switch and Data Facilities in 2008 (Dunham & Washer, The Ethics of Hedging by Executives, 2011). Unfortunately most shareholders in this case experienced a great financial loss. Hedging activities, however, prevented the CEO...
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...AS Economics Answers 4 Government intervention in markets 1 Remedies for market failure Activity 1, page 163 a It has declined. The state now owns less of the country’s housing stock. b That the state thinks there is less market failure in the housing market now than in 1979. use. Figure 1 shows that drivers do not initially pay for the negative externalities (external costs) they generate. A tax equivalent to the marginal external cost would push price up to PX. Road use would be reduced from Q to QX, the socially optimum level. In practice, it is difficult to estimate external costs. d Congestion and other negative externalities caused by car use will increase. Road use by cars is likely to continue to increase in the absence of government action because: the price of road use does not reflect its true costs; road use is income inelastic – as incomes rise, people use their cars more and more families have cars; increasing economic activity and geographical mobility mean there are likely to be more cars on the road. Activity 2, page 163 a The action suggests that pre-2003 car use was above the socially optimum level. This is because the Mayor’s action was designed to reduce car use. b Two other policies which could be used are to increase the cost of parking and to increase cycle and bus lanes in central London. Figure 1 MSB MSC MPC costs/benefits Activity 3, page 164 a The government does not provide IVF treatment in every region because of lack of resources. b NHS IVF treatment...
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...GROUP 7 GROUP 7 TOY INDUSTRY SUBJECT: SMSP TOY INDUSTRY SUBJECT: SMSP DHARAM JOSHI VISHAL NARULA POOJA SAMPAT VINEET HARDA CHIRAG SHAH KUNAL PAREKH DHARAM JOSHI VISHAL NARULA POOJA SAMPAT VINEET HARDA CHIRAG SHAH KUNAL PAREKH GROUP MEMBERS GROUP MEMBERS India’s market potential The Indian toy industry is estimated at about 1.4 billion US dollars and until now has generated only 0.5 per cent of the global market. However, growth of some 15 % promises a rapid rise in this statistic, especially in the context of the growing middle class and increasing demand for quality and luxury goods. In recent years, cities like Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Pune have become the most important manufacturing sites of the Indian toy industry. Among the local manufacturers in India about 59 % are still focusing on the production of cheap and unbranded toys which appeals to the price-sensitive Indian consumers. In the future it is expected that these companies will shift towards branded toys as well to stay competitive with international companies. Internet retailing is becoming a more and more important distribution channel due to several reasons. Consumers have increasing access to the internet and online retailers often have better merchandise in terms of variety, new launches and the offer of branded toys. The share of internet retailing in sales grew from 1 % in 2007 up to 18 % in 2012. Focus on quality Indian consumers pay more and more attention to high-quality...
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...AS Economics Answers 4 Government intervention in markets 1 Remedies for market failure Activity 1, page 163 a It has declined. The state now owns less of the country’s housing stock. b That the state thinks there is less market failure in the housing market now than in 1979. use. Figure 1 shows that drivers do not initially pay for the negative externalities (external costs) they generate. A tax equivalent to the marginal external cost would push price up to PX. Road use would be reduced from Q to QX, the socially optimum level. In practice, it is difficult to estimate external costs. d Congestion and other negative externalities caused by car use will increase. Road use by cars is likely to continue to increase in the absence of government action because: the price of road use does not reflect its true costs; road use is income inelastic – as incomes rise, people use their cars more and more families have cars; increasing economic activity and geographical mobility mean there are likely to be more cars on the road. Activity 2, page 163 a The action suggests that pre-2003 car use was above the socially optimum level. This is because the Mayor’s action was designed to reduce car use. b Two other policies which could be used are to increase the cost of parking and to increase cycle and bus lanes in central London. Figure 1 MSB MSC MPC costs/benefits Activity 3, page 164 a The government does not provide IVF treatment in every region because of lack of resources. b NHS...
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...THE ROLE OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP HND Business Level 5 21rd June 2012 THE ROLE OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP AC2.1: Leadership Styles Introduction Concisely, leadership refers to the process through which a person manages to influence others in a coherent and cohesive manner so that they can accomplish a certain objective. Leadership practice depends on four factors namely leader, followers, communication, and situation. To a certain extent, leadership practice is closely related to management but there are certain differences that set the two organisational necessities apart. In the traditional thinking present in all organisations, leadership separates the roles of a manager from those of a leader. The rationale behind this is that managers are people who operate under control; they administer through focusing on already existing structures and systems. However, there must be a balance between both management and leadership demands for the optimal survival of any organisation. Both leaders and managers are vital for the positive performance and success of an organisation. Leadership skills model a way forward while management skills enable arriving at a set target. This means that striking a balance between leadership and management demands in an organisation requires an effective leader to carry good management skills and similarly, an effective...
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...Toy Story - analysis of the Jot case study Adrian Sims of BPP Professional Education provides some initial analysis of the pre-seen material for the TOPCIMA Part B – Case Study exams on February 28th and May 24th 2012. I’m writing this article in late December 2011 to help candidates prepare for the March and May 2012 T4 (TOPCIMA) exams based on the pre-seen material for Jot- toy case. Some previous T4 cases have lacked fun, but toys are fun. I’m sorry, but I decided to combine this article with quotes from the three Toy Story movies (Disney/Pixar). The Toy Story quotes are in italics, a bit contrived, and probably of no use for the exam. They made me smile and gave me (and you) an excuse to watch the Toy Story movies again. But my newspaper today rather kills the joyful mood. It has the headline ‘Sales boom may not save High Street big names: analysts predict failures within days’. It reports that the December sales boom has been insufficient and has left many stores with unsold stocks and unable to pay their outgoings. This has afflicted markets as diverse as camping equipment and lingerie. This brings us to the heart of the Jot pre-seen material. Jot makes toys and is part of an industry for which November and December sales are critical. It depends on retailers to sell its products, but retail in Europe is facing terrible times as a consequence of the recession caused by the sharp reductions in government spending and collapse of bank lending. It has a perilous cash flow...
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...Toy Story - analysis of the Jot case study Adrian Sims of BPP Professional Education provides some initial analysis of the pre-seen material for the TOPCIMA Part B – Case Study exams on February 28th and May 24th 2012. I’m writing this article in late December 2011 to help candidates prepare for the March and May 2012 T4 (TOPCIMA) exams based on the pre-seen material for Jot- toy case. Some previous T4 cases have lacked fun, but toys are fun. I’m sorry, but I decided to combine this article with quotes from the three Toy Story movies (Disney/Pixar). The Toy Story quotes are in italics, a bit contrived, and probably of no use for the exam. They made me smile and gave me (and you) an excuse to watch the Toy Story movies again. But my newspaper today rather kills the joyful mood. It has the headline ‘Sales boom may not save High Street big names: analysts predict failures within days’. It reports that the December sales boom has been insufficient and has left many stores with unsold stocks and unable to pay their outgoings. This has afflicted markets as diverse as camping equipment and lingerie. This brings us to the heart of the Jot pre-seen material. Jot makes toys and is part of an industry for which November and December sales are critical. It depends on retailers to sell its products, but retail in Europe is facing terrible times as a consequence of the recession caused by the sharp reductions in government spending and collapse of bank lending. It has a perilous cash flow...
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...9-709-015 REV: OCTOBER 14, 2010 ARTHUR A. DAEMMRICH BENJAMIN KRAMARZ De enmark Globa k: alizatio and the We on elfare S State On April 5, 200 Lars Løkk Rasmussen was named prime mini n 09, ke n d ister of Denm mark followin the ng appoi intment of An nders Fogh R Rasmussen, p prime ministe since 2001, as secretary general of N er NATO. Thoug not related Lars Løkke had worked in Anders Fo gh d, e ogh’s governm ment, first as interior and h health minis ster and then as minister of finance. A he formed a new gove As d ernment, Lars Løkke soug to s ght develop a set of long-term economic and social plans that would keep Denma internatio l ark onally competitive, despite its large pu ublic sector an costly welf nd fare spending However, s g. short-term rea action to the worldwide economic do e ownturn dom minated policy discussions. A long-stan y . nding debate about joinin the Eurozo was given new saliency when the European Ce ng one n entral Bank lowered its ra on ate “refin nancing opera ations,” which provided liq h quidity to the Eurozone, ju days befor Lars Løkke took e ust re e office. Denmark was a member of the Europ w r pean Union but had retain its own cu ned urrency, the k krone. Likew wise, plans for rmulated a year ago to ex xpand the Dan nish workforc by looseni labor rule and ce ing es reduc cing welfare benefits had b b become unpop pular as unem mployment in ncreased. An nders Fogh Rasmussen had left a mixed legacy. Denm d d mark benefite from a balanced...
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...1991. Kmart was totally redesigned in 1996 and became known as Big Kmart. In 1999, Kmart launched a Internet presence, BlueLight.com; it offered free internet services (Sears Holdings, History). In 2002, the company filed Chapter 11 in the US Bankruptcy Court. Julian Day was promoted to CEO in January of 2003. Under his leadership, the company emerged from the Chapter 11 reorganization process (Sears Holdings, History). Strategic Direction Mission Statement The mission statement is a very important element in the business model of an organization. It is established that it should be clearly defined and capture the eight primary elements. Why is this so important? To most consumers, it probably does not matter if a company such as Hasbro has a proper mission statement. But in the...
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...This week's graded topics relate to the following Terminal Course Objectives (TCOs): A | Given an organizational requirement to conform business practices to both the law and best ethical practices, apply appropriate ethical theories to shape a business decision. | I | Given specified circumstances of a business decision to expand to international markets, determine what international legal requirements or regulatory controls apply. | Topics for This Week's Discussion * Introduce yourself to your professor and the rest of the class. (not graded) * Thread over TCO A/I (graded) * Ethics and Patent Rights Post 9/11 (graded) * Q & A Forum for your questions and comments (not graded) | | There is a drop down arrow next to the "Select a Topic" box. Click on this arrow to select topics for discussion. | ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Select a Topic: Bottom of Form The World Bank Situation (graded) | Class, please read Chapter 2, problem 5 from the Jennings text, p. 72. This week, we will discuss the Wolfowitz situation at the World Bank. Consider the questions at the end of the problem as you make comments in the threads this week. What are the ethics here? Was Wolfowitz trying to do the right thing? Does that make a difference ethically? Throughout the week, I will bring in further questions. Be sure to read the lecture and the international ethics article stated in your reading for the week as well. | ...
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...Purple Cow Transform Your Business By Being Remarkable Seth Godin visit Penguin at: www.penguin.com e penguin about the author Seth Godin is the author of four worldwide bestsellers including Permission Marketing, Unleashing the Ideavirus and Survival is Not Enough. He is a renowned public speaker and is contributing editor at Fast Company magazine.You can find him at www.sethgodin.com This is a work of fiction. Names, characters, places, and incidents are either the product of the author’s imagination or are used fictitiously, and any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, business establishments, events or locales is entirely coincidental. Purple Cow Portfolio Book / published by arrangement with the author All rights reserved. Copyright © 2002 by Do You Zoom, Inc. This book may not be reproduced in whole or part, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission. Making or distributing electronic copies of this book constitutes copyright infringement and could subject the infringer to criminal and civil liability. For information address: The Berkley Publishing Group, a division of Penguin Putnam Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014. The Penguin Putnam Inc. World Wide Web site address is http://www.penguinputnam.com ISBN: 0-7865-4431-7 PORTFOLIO BOOK® Portfolio Books first published by Penguin Publishing Group, a member of Penguin Putnam Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014. Portfolio and the "Portfolio" design are trademarks...
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...EXERCISES E6–1. Sales revenue ($850 + $700 + $450) ......................................................................... Less: Sales discount ($850 collected from S. Green x 2%) ...................................... Net sales .................................................................................................................... E6–2. Sales revenue ($3,000 + $9,000 +$4,000) ................................................................. Less: Sales discounts ($9,000 collected from S x 3%) .......................................... Less: Credit card discounts ($3,000 from R x 2%) ................................................ Net sales .................................................................................................................... E6–3. Sales revenue ($5,500 + $400 + $9,000) ................................................................... 1 Less: Sales returns and allowances ( /10 x $9,000 from D) ........................................ 9 Less: Sales discounts ( /10 x $9,000 from D x 3%) ..................................................... Less: Credit card discounts ($400 from C x 2%) ........................................................ • Net sales ...................................................................................................... E6–4. Cost of Transaction July 12 July 15 July 20 July 21 E6–5. Req. 1 Net Sales + 297 + 5,000 – 150 – 1,000 Goods Sold + 175 + 2,500 NE – 600 $2,000 17 $1,983 $16,000 270 60 $15...
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...4 TH EDITION Managing and Using Information Systems A Strategic Approach KERI E. PEARLSON KP Partners CAROL S. SAUNDERS University of Central Florida JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. To Yale & Hana To Rusty, Russell &Kristin VICE PRESIDENT & EXECUTIVE PUBLISHER EXECUTIVE EDITOR EDITORIAL ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER DESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR PRODUCTION EDITOR SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SERVICES This book is printed on acid-free paper. Don Fowley Beth Lang Golub Lyle Curry Carly DeCandia Harry Nolan Kevin Murphy Patricia McFadden Lauren Sapira Pine Tree Composition Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, website www.wiley.com/go/permissions. To order books or for customer service please, call 1-800-CALL WILEY (225-5945)...
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...4 TH EDITION Managing and Using Information Systems A Strategic Approach KERI E. PEARLSON KP Partners CAROL S. SAUNDERS University of Central Florida JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. To Yale & Hana To Rusty, Russell &Kristin VICE PRESIDENT & EXECUTIVE PUBLISHER EXECUTIVE EDITOR EDITORIAL ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER DESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR PRODUCTION EDITOR SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SERVICES This book is printed on acid-free paper. Don Fowley Beth Lang Golub Lyle Curry Carly DeCandia Harry Nolan Kevin Murphy Patricia McFadden Lauren Sapira Pine Tree Composition Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, website www.wiley.com/go/permissions. To order books or for customer service please, call 1-800-CALL WILEY (225-5945)...
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...4 TH EDITION Managing and Using Information Systems A Strategic Approach KERI E. PEARLSON KP Partners CAROL S. SAUNDERS University of Central Florida JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. To Yale & Hana To Rusty, Russell &Kristin VICE PRESIDENT & EXECUTIVE PUBLISHER EXECUTIVE EDITOR EDITORIAL ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER DESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR PRODUCTION EDITOR SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SERVICES Don Fowley Beth Lang Golub Lyle Curry Carly DeCandia Harry Nolan Kevin Murphy Patricia McFadden Lauren Sapira Pine Tree Composition This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, website www.wiley.com/go/permissions. To order books or for customer service please...
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