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Hay Research

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Submitted By shibbie2015
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Orchard grass: tall growing, high yielding bunch grass attains more summer growth than other grasses with an intensive system of cutting mgmt.. It persists well with alfalfa.
Early maturing varieties are suitable for pure hay or silage, or with legumes for pasture. DO NOT use in mixtures with legumes for hay or silage.
Medium/late maturing varieties do well when combined with legumes for hay, silage, or pasture.. Later maturing varieties are best to grow with alfalfa.
Common orchard grass is NOT a variety, its maturity unknown but it generally heads earlier than named varieties. It is for general use, but should not be mixed with legumes for hay or silage.
Orchardgrass should not be seeded with other grasses because of differences in maturity and palatability.
Table 2. Seeding rates for timothy and a single legume in mixture.
Species lb/A
Timothy 2–6 with any one of these legume
Alfalfa 8–10
Birdsfoot trefoil 6–8
Red clover 6–8
White clover 2–4
Potomac is an early maturing variety (early May), Dawn and Rancho are medium-maturing varieties (mid-to late-May), and Pennlate is a late-maturing variety (late May to early June). When seeding an orchardgrass-legume mixture, the two should mature at about the same time. This will enable harvesting of both species at proper developmental stages and improve the potential of harvesting top quality forage.
However, because it becomes coarse and less palatable as it matures, it is best suited for pastures. The rapid decline in palatability and quality as orchardgrass matures is the major deterrent to its use. Orchardgrass requires careful management to ensure that it is harvested promptly. Orchardgrass responds well to nitrogen fertilization and is very compatible with legumes in a mixture. It is not as winter hardy or drought tolerant as smooth bromegrass, but it can survive and be highly productive throughout all of Pennsylvania.

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