...Khrushchev struggled for power and almost led our nations to a nuclear war. What led to the Cuban Missile Crisis? Fidel Castro was a lawyer in Cuba, he was unhappy with Fulgencio Batista’s dictatorship and tried to use the law to remove Batista from power.1 After his failed attempts he became a rebel with the intent of overthrowing Cuba’s dictator Fulgencio Batista. His vision was to spread the wealth of the rich and give to the poor; and provide everyone with the same resources.2 Batista’s cruel behavior and murder of the Cuban people made him a target, he eventually fled.3 After winning public support and overthrowing their dictator, Fidel Castro began to spread the wealth among the Cuban people.4 This was a positive movement for the poor, but not popular among the more educated people who knew how to make money, so they began to flee Cuba.5 On April 15th 1959, Fidel Castro made an attempt to meet with President Eisenhower, instead, President Eisenhower went to play golf to avoid interaction with Castro.6 His intentions may have been to address the turmoil between the United States and Cuba. Instead, Vice President Nixon met with Fidel Castro, the vice presidents impression of Castro was that he was a communist.7 The United States was not happy when “Cuba distributed property to its citizens and prohibited foreign ownership.”8 The U.S. showed their dismay by reducing the purchase of sugar from Cuba. Landowners from other nations came to peaceful resolutions with Cuba, the...
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...Summary: " The Rich Nations and the Poor Nations (1962), which President Lyndon Johnson remarked "excites and inspires me" and Adlai Stevenson found "exceedingly important," was described in the New York Times Book Review by Eric F. Goldman as "wondrously lucid, richly informed and trenchantly argued, tough-minded but never failing to assume that intelligence and will can move human society forward." An enlightening book by Barbara Ward namely “The Rich Nation and The Poor Nation” talks about the differentiation of countries toward each other. The book has six (6) chapters: The Rich Nations, The Poor Nations, Communism Blue Print, The Economics of Development, The Politics of Development, and lastly Not by Bread Alone. Individually, it discusses topics that may help the low-economy country to rise like the others. Each chapter, although individually implied, relate their discussions to one another. We live in a most catastrophically revolutionary age that men have ever faced. Revolutions is not what we think about an event or series of interconnected event but it is ideas that changes our ways of life, the way we look things, changes everything out of recognition and changing it fast. The distinction between rich nations and poor nations is one of the great dominant political and international themes of our country. Underdeveloped is not the best way to describe the poor nations because some of them had been in the great civilization. Communism is a sort of resume of the revolutions...
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...When they moved to California, his parents started working as migrant farm workers (moved to work in different cities due to the fruit or vegetable season). While attending elementary, he was discriminated because his family was constantly moving due to the farm worker life his parents had. Right after he completed Jr. High School, he decided to become a full time farm worker to help out his parents in the fields because of the struggles his family had because of the low pay from a hard days work. Right after his 18th birthday, he enrolled in the Navy and served during the WW II. After coming back to his home In California, he dedicated his life to improving the working conditions, better the farm workers pay and better treatment on the working ethics. Cesar Estrada Chavez."The Biography.com website. Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/cesar-chavez-9245781 [Accessed 20 Nov 2014]. Cesar Chavez as a migrant working son he was constantly moving from place to place during the different farming season, often discriminated in school because he spoke Spanish and was constantly migrating. instead of attending High School like any other classmate, he started working in the farm fields at the age of 13, while working in the farm industry, he was mistreated, abused, underpaid and lived in poor living conditions. The farming...
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...Thesis Capitalism has been the subject of ethical criticism since it was first introduced into society. I defend the morality of capitalism because it gives people incentive to work, establishes a web of trust between them, satisfies their material well-being, and generates a wide spectrum of prosperity. Exposition As citizens of the United States, we are members of the leading capitalist economy in the world. Our production and distribution is mostly done privately and we operate in a “profit” or “market” system. The capitalist system has been a target for criticism throughout the last three hundred years and is being discussed now more than ever due to the recent recession and financial crisis (Shaw and Barry n.d., 1). Its effects, structure, varieties, and possibilities provide for a large field of study and writers from several different disciplines have provided their input to the debate. Most fundamental is the question of whether our capitalist system is a morally justifiable one. This question can’t be answered by reviewing the efficiency and productivity capitalism provides, but instead requires a thorough analysis of ethics. A capitalist society is characterized by the private ownership of property and a free market that grants citizens the right to use their resources for their own benefit. Private property is the ownership of productive resources like companies, stocks, and bonds and should not be confused with personal property. Personal property consists...
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...Poverty in India is widespread, with the nation estimated to have a third of the world's poor. In 2010, the World Bank reported that 32.7% of the total Indian people fall below the international poverty line of US$ 1.25 per day (PPP) while 68.7% live on less than US$ 2 per day.[1] According to 2010 data from the United Nations Development Programme, an estimated 29.8% of Indians live below the country's national poverty line.[2] A 2010 report by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) states that 8 Indian states have more poor people than 26 poorest African nations combined which totals to more than 410 million poor in the poorest African countries.[3][4] A 2013 UN report stated that a third of the worlds poorest people live in India.[5] According to a 2011 poverty Development Goals Report, as many as 320 million people in India and China are expected to come out of extreme poverty in the next four years, while India's poverty rate is projected to drop to 22% in 2015.[6] The report also indicates that in Southern Asia, however, only India, where the poverty rate is projected to fall from 51% in 1990 to about 22% in 2015, is on track to cut poverty by half by the 2015 target date.[6] However, this decline in poverty is debatable given the fact that there are question marks on methodology of evaluating poverty. Indian journalist Ravi S Jha writes in the Guardian[7] on the need of measuring poverty by segregating India's poor in different groups. The areas in which...
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...which is the Victoria Nile. This is a major headstream of the Nile River. The country also contains Lake Albert and Lake Edward which are two more of the African great lakes. Other geographical features include the Ruwenzori Mountains, in western Uganda, which are also known as the Mountains of the Moon. These mountains include Margherita Peak which is the highest point in Uganda. Uganda also has the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest which includes the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. This is where about half the population of the highly endangered Mountain Gorilla live (www.game-reserve.com). In eastern Uganda, the border with Kenya is marked by volcanic hills. The highest hill is Mount Elgon which is the cone of an extinct volcano. Rich soil has eroded from its slopes to the plains below. This allows people to farm easier in the region. Uganda has a tropical climate but due...
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...Sam Walton on July 02, 1962 in Rogers, Arkansas. It is the nation largest retail discount store in the world with 4,500 stores in the United States and more than 10,150 worldwide. Within five years of being in business, the company expanded to 24 stores ringing up 12.7 million in assets. In 1969, Wal-Mart officially became incorporated as Wal-Mart Stores, Inc and became a publicly traded company in 1970 (www.corporate.walmart.com, 2012). Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. focused on the growth and expansion of the corporation, which is called a growth strategy (DeNisi, 2012), and they opened their first distribution center and home office in Bentonville, Arkansas. In 1972, they were listed on the New York Stock Exchange and with 51 stores their recorded sales was $78 million. By 1980, Wal-Mart reached $1 billion in annual sales with 276 stores and 21,000 employed associates. Continuing with the growth strategy, Wal-Mart opened the first Sam’s Club in Midwest City, Oklahoma and with sales steadily increasing they celebrated its first 100 billion sales year in 1997 (www.corporate.walmart.com, 2012). Wal-Mart rich heritage define who they are and what they do today. Due to their innovative thinking, leadership through service and commitment to saving their customers money so they can live better have made the business what they are today and are shaping the future of the company (www.corporate.walmart.com, 2012). Since the first Wal-Mart store opened in 1962, Sam Walton has been dedicated...
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...Nelle Reagan were loving parents they were somewhat poor. His father worked as a shoe salesman, and they moved around during Ronald’s early years until they settled down in a town in Illinois called Dixon. As a child Ronald didn’t exactly like his name so he had the nickname “Dutch” that his father gave him for the reason that his dad said when he was born he looked like a small fat Dutchman. When he was in his high school years he was a lifeguard at a park by Rock River where he rescued 77 people. He ended up graduating from Dixon high school in 1928. He then found a job in Iowa where he was a sports announcer. He then got on with...
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...make a more democratic, stable society. There were Catholics, lacking a protestant work ethic. Americans also pictured Latin Americans to be lazy individuals. •Modernization Theory: Once the previous idea was settled, it came to the reality that the Latin American countries had to go through modernization, such as the United States, and their feeble network on which their society rested upon was that being criticized. •Dependency Theory: Students were sure that these two previous explanations were merely methods to blame the victims of abuse. They believed that Latin American economies stood in a dependent position relative to the world’s industrial powers. Therefore other nations took their overpowering stand, and forestalled Latin America’s industrialization. “Economic dependency” is why the nation did not follow the path it was supposed to follow. •Social Constructionism: The way race, gender, class, and national identities are “constructed” in people’s minds. Discuss Michel Rolph Trouillot’s theory of historical narratives •History understood as the distinction and overlap of the socio-historical process (“what happened”) and the narratives about it (“what is said to have happened”). •Three capacities people have within socio-historic processes: actors, agents, subjects a) Agents: or occupants of the structural positions. (b) as actors in constant interference without a context. (c) as subjects, thats is...
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...are 56 questions. Each question is worth 2.5 points. 1. Which term is used to describe a group that is set apart from others primarily because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns? a. social group b. ethnic group c. racial group d. formal group 2. Members of a minority or subordinate group a. share physical or cultural characteristics that distinguish them from the dominant group. b. have less power over their lives than do members of a majority. c. acquire membership by being born into that group. d. all of these apply 3. Secession is a. the physical separation of groups of people. b. the withdrawal of a group of people from a dominant group to establish a new nation. c. the withdrawal of a subordinate group from one neighborhood to another. d. none of these 4. Which term is used by sociologists to describe a group that is set apart from others because of obvious physical differences? a. social group b. ethnic group c. racial group d. formal group 5. Which term is used to refer to a subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their own lives than the members of a dominant group have over theirs? a. minority group b. majority group c. stratified group d. social group 6. Which of the following is considered an ethnic group? a. German Americans b. English Americans c. Mexican Americans d. all...
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...According Balassa (1962) there are five stages of economic integration: the free trade area, the customs union, the common market, the economic junction and the complete economic integration. The European Union is on the penultimate stage, which is the economic union. The objective of this essay is to know more about the European monetary union and other touch points that are to be the EMU, the process, countries belonging to the European Union but not part of the EMU and its reasons. Economic union is a common market that removes restrictions on trade between countries. The currency is the same and a central authority controls fiscal policies. It has a single currency and monetary policy. The objective of this stage is that members actually are formed as one nation and its features are a common fiscal common currency, harmonized tax rates, the pooling of foreign exchange reserves, and monetary policy. (Cerdeira, 2009) The EMU is a major step in the integration of the economy of the European Union. It involves the coordination of economic and fiscal policy of the same coin policies, some countries took the next step to the next stage and adopted the euro as its currency, and these countries are part of the euro area. (EC, 2014) " One Market, One Currency " is what the European Commission defined as a geographical area where the economy is a single currency and where risks can be managed and has flexibility among country. This would make cuts of a country being adversely...
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...This article was downloaded by: [University of Sussex Library] On: 31 August 2011, At: 03:33 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Economy and Society Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/reso20 Trotsky, Gerschenkron and the political economy of late capitalist development Ben Selwyn Available online: 25 Jul 2011 To cite this article: Ben Selwyn (2011): Trotsky, Gerschenkron and the political economy of late capitalist development, Economy and Society, 40:3, 421-450 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085147.2011.574425 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/termsand-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand...
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...retail stores. Early in his childhood, Sam learned the value of hard work. He helped his family during the depression by delivering newspapers and helping his mom with a small milk business. Despite being poor, he went on to finish high school and graduated with a degree in economics from the University of Missouri. Sam Walton had a dream to own his own retail store. Not only did he make that dream come true but also before his death in 1992, Wal-Mart reached the “Nations Largest Retailer” status with 1700 retail outlets (Johnson, 2001). Sam Walton contributed to our society by introducing the concept of everyday-low-price strategy, created the largest food retailer in the U.S. and changed the approach of food retailing (Springer, 2010). Information about the thinkers’ contributions to society Sam Walton or Mr. Sam to his employees gave customers what they wanted: low prices and a modicum of service, administered by employees who cared because they shared the company’s ideals as well as its profits (Walton, 1992). He had the foresight to concentrate his initial stores in small towns that everybody else was ignoring. Sam began experiencing with buying direct from the manufacturers in order to cut wholesale costs (Walton, 1992). According to Walton (1992), this meant the store could offer lower prices and increase sales volume and profits at the same time. Always thinking about new ideas, he borrowed a new philosophy from a competitor, “buy it low, stack it high,...
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...The True Science in Politics Benjamin Bishin's subconstituency theory of representation is supported with the empirical evidence that Larry Bartels provides from his book, of which Bartels evaluates social equality and its relationship with the American government, to Bishin's observations. Ideas, such as hidden minority rule, activism, visibility's true impact on the average voter, and ideological and social groups, that Bishin describes are supported by Bartels' findings; these findings being senators responsiveness to income groups, citizen's knowledge, and voting actions and more. Bishin's book, Tyranny of the Minority, develops the Subconstituency theory of representation that counteracts the leading theory of representation, the Demand Model. Bishin's synopsis of his theory is, “...subconstituency politics merely articulates a phenomenon long described by politicians and observed by journalists...,” (Bishin 13). The phenomenon being that minority held opinion can triumph over a majority held public opinion. However, Bishin shows this phenomenon to hold a deeper dogma in that constituents, for the purpose of reelection, appeal to groups. Bartels' book, Unequal Democracy, attempts to answer a question by Robert Dahl of, “...who actually governs?” (Bartels 1). Bartels' book argues, with a statistical emphasis, that our classed based society is becoming more polarized and unequal by politicians and cyclically exacerbated by voter apathy and actions. These examples...
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...the Caribbean in terms of the rise and fall of the ‘West Indies Federation’ and its future replacements CARIFTA and CARICOM because of the Federation’s failure. This was all done in an effort to propel West Indian nations from colonialism to self-governance and economic self-sufficiency. There was no significance to the Caribbean until the year 1492, when Christopher Columbus set sail to the east on behalf of his country Spain. Columbus set sail in search of wealth, specifically gold and a better trading channel between Spain, China and Japan. His mother land Spain, was at that time, one of the four principal European powers to colonize the Caribbean by the early seventeenth century. The other three principal powers were the Dutch, the British and the French. While on his journey, which should have been easterly, Christopher Columbus somehow ended up in the west where he stumbled upon some islands; his search for the country in the East was unsuccessful. On the islands, situated in the west, he found natives which he called, “Indians”; most of them met their death through war and disease brought on by the Spaniards. In addition to this, because the islands were found in the west, he decided to call the area the “West Indies”. Columbus did not find what he set out to get as mentioned earlier because the natives did not have gold or anything of value that could be sold or traded...
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