...Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations Marcia Maris Grand Canyon University NRS-429v November 14, 2015 The purpose of this paper is to discuss the health status of the American Indian/ Alaskan Native (AI/AN). A comparison and contrast of AI/ANs with the national average regarding the health status such as heart disease and strokes will be presented. Multifactorial barriers limiting health, and the overall factors affecting health within this population are identified. Current health status will be presented including health promotion and disparities among this US population. Primary, secondary, and tertiary health promotions will be discussed along with one approach to promoting health offered. According to the office of Management and Budget’s “American Indian or Alaskan Native” refers to one who has origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America, including Central America, and maintains ties and connections to a tribe or tribal community (United States Census Bureau, 2010). Results of the 2010 census revealed there were 5.2 million people or 1.7 percent of the population who were Native American/ Alaskan Native. Chronic diseases and risk factors among AI/AN groups remain high. When compared to white populations AI/ANs are more likely to have diabetes and high blood pressure, be obese, and smoke cigarettes ( Centers for Diseas Control, 2015). The death rates from heart disease is 20 percent greater and from strokes are 14...
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...I E S IN T H E U N I T E D S TAT E S THE ECONOMIC BURDEN OF HEALTH INEQUALITIES IN THE UNITED STATES Thomas A. LaVeist, Ph.D. Darrell J. Gaskin, Ph.D. Patrick Richard, Ph.D. September 2009 foreward Not everyone in the United States enjoys the same health opportunities. Studies show that minority Americans experience poorer than average health outcomes from cradle to the grave. They are much more likely to die as infants, have higher rates of diseases and disabilities, and have shorter life spans. As the U.S. Congress and the Obama Administration work toward enactment of legislation to reform America’s health care system, a central focus of the debate has been the projected cost of ensuring accessible and affordable health care to every citizen. While some have struggled with the premise that health care reform can actually reduce health-related spending, the experience of racial and ethnic minorities under our current health care system is a strong indication that improving opportunities for good health – and minimizing inequities in health care access and outcomes – may well be good for the nation’s fiscal health, as well. This study, commissioned by the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies and carried out by leading researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland, provides important insight into how much of a financial burden racial disparities are putting on our health care system and society at large. The researchers examined the...
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...Health disparities refer to differences in health and health care between population groups. In other words, health disparities are the differences in the diagnosis and treatment and access to health care with people who have similar health conditions (Public Health Administration, 2004). These Differences occur across many factors, including race/ethnicity, status, age, location, gender, disability status, and sexual orientation (Cartwright, et al, 2011). The most causes of health disparities are poverty, education level, language, and insurance. health disparities’ rates differ between each group of Americans. For example, according to U.S. Census Bureau (2007) the percentages of uninsured people are followed: The Hispanic had 33 percent...
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...competency in the health sector and reduce health disparities among the ethnic population, the US Department of Health and Human Services have come up with an Action Plan to Reduce Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities that organizations in the health sector will have to prepare to incorporate in their own plans. Under this plan, there are five goals listed: 1. Transforming health care; 2. Strengthening the infrastructure and workforce of the nation's health and human services; 3. Advancing the health, safety, and well-being of American people; 4. Advancing scientific knowledge and innovation; and 5. Increasing the efficiency, transparency, and accountability of HHS programs (Jackson and Gracia, 2014). This gives organizations...
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...Health Care Disparities: Central of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defined heal disparities as “the differences in health outcomes and their causes among group of people.” These differences are closely linked with some racial and ethnic minorities, such as social, economic, and/or environmental (CDC, 2011). Health disparities are the metrics used to measure the health equity, where health equity represents providing qualified health care services for different groups of populations regardless there race, ethnicity, sex, sexual identity, age, disability, socioeconomic status, and geographic location (Georges, Benjamin, 2015). In the U.S. health care disparities is one of the longstanding health challenges with severe influences not only...
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...December 2, 2012 ELIMINATION OF RACIAL DISPARITY IN HEALTHCARE IN AMERICA Disparity in US Health Care is multifactorial, they reflect the differences in demographics, social-economic as well as environmental factors. The Journal of the American Medical Association identifies race as a significant determinant in the level of quality of care, with ethnic minority groups receiving less intensive and lower quality care. Ethnic minorities receive less preventative care, are seen less by specialists, and have fewer expensive and technical procedures than non-ethnic minorities. Studies have shown that this disparity affects the biological vulnerability to disease, utilization of health system in US and health care interventions. Understanding and intervening in the health disparity in the US is imperative because the US population is changing. According to the American Health Association (AHA), by 2050 Minority groups will compose almost half of the U.S. population by 2050. The biggest increase will occur within the Hispanic population. In December 2007, the American Hospital Association (AHA) created the Special Advisor Group on Improving Hospital Care for Minorities as part of effort to ensure equitable treatment of all patients. This article will discuss the issues related to disparity and how the American Hospital Association is taken several steps in helping aid in eliminating the racial disparity in health care. Health disparities in the quality of care exist and are based...
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...Health disparities are avertible divergences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to resolve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged populations (CDC.gov). African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asian Pacific Islander, together with immigrants, the poor, and mentally retarded, have encountered inordinate burdens in health and health care mirrored by high morbidity and fatality rates. Origins of these health disparities include poverty (inadequate financial resources), poor education, health behaviors of the minority group and environmental factors. The most frequently disclosed are seen in cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. There has consistently been existing resolutions....
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...Introduction Despite all the approaches, disparities still exist as one of the major concerns in health and health care today. We made a little progress comparing to the years before in addressing this issue. In addition, the Affordable Care Act offer opportunities to tackle this issue vigorously. I firmly believe that it will be a much bigger issue if we do not eliminate the disparities now it will be very challenging when the US population becomes much more diverse. However, this policy memo addresses this particular issue, summarizes the causes or issues known about health and health care disparities, and provides recommendations and approaches to confront it. Causes Healthcare disparities are references to the differences that exist...
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...“Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions”.1 There is increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain predictors of the quality of health care received. Health disparities are preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that is experienced by socially disadvantaged populations. Factors such as race or ethnicity, gender, education, or income, disability, geographic location such as rural or urban, or sexual orientation can define populations. The goal of the research paper is to present the magnitude and importance of racial...
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...Emerging Standards of Care NUR/531 August 18, 2014 Emerging Standards of Care According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2013) “Cultural competency is one of the main ingredients in closing the disparities gap in health care. It’s the way patients and doctors can come together and talk about health concerns without cultural differences hindering the conversation, but enhancing it. Quite simply, health care services that are respectful of and responsive to the health beliefs, practices and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse patients can help bring about positive health outcomes.” Populations Served and Their Vulnerability Healthcare organizations across the United States have been an area where cultural differences have been evident for a long time. With the significant influx of English language challenged immigrants who have not only had the means to secure jobs providing health care plans, but have also been saddled with the fear of deportation if they are considered "illegal" and, therefore, hindering their healthcare options (USDHHS, 2013). Hospitals have had to change their cultural competency to address this populations' immediate healthcare needs. On any given day, healthcare providers in a hospital setting can encounter an astonishing diversity of ethnic groups. Each of these ethnic groups brings with it their own cultural identities including language, beliefs, socioeconomic status (the wealthy, the middle class, the poor and the...
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...Health assessment provides a foundation for improving the health of a community. Factors were noted in an assessment of Sampson County that affect the health of the population. The resultant proposal will focus on the southernmost part of the county which is more rural and has fewer resources. Delineating strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats helped to prioritize needs so that possible solutions can be generated. An emerging issue was the continued prevalence of chronic diseases despite the existence of health resources. Unfortunately, preventable aspects of the diseases cannot be addressed if individuals are unable to access services. Some citizens may access services but be unable to follow up. Access and transportation continue to present a formidable challenge to health promotion and disease prevention. Also a need for education regarding health promotion, healthy lifestyle choices, exercise and health screening was noted. Limited health literacy and low educational levels present barriers to successfully providing interventions. A need for more funding to provide strategies that address health disparities was apparent. For example, funds are needed to expand Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Programs and outreach for parent education. Other issues such as affordable housing and lack of adequate mental health service were noted. Substandard housing presents significant risks to adults and children. Strategies should be formulated which use current...
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...beliefs, customs, practices, and values of a culture is essential for nurses and health care providers. Beyond the racial and ethnic group, classification that usually comes to mind with discussion of cultural diversity, other types of cultural diversity such as gender and organization affiliation warrants attention. This paper will discuss cultural competence in home health care/hospice, the people that receive service and issues of community vulnerability. Exploration of standards of cultural competence, potential impacts of delivery of care, and possible solutions to implement where standards are not being met will emerge. Cultural Competence According to Freidman, Bowden, and Jones (2003), people view culture as a model for our way of living, behaving, living, and feeling. An association between culture and heath practices is existent. In fact, culture is the most influential factor in determining health behaviors and beliefs (Campinha-Bacote, 2003). Cultural competence involves being aware of, and conversant on, and sensitive to the diverse cultures that exist in the population. Health care providers should not only embrace cultural diversity but must also strive for cultural competence in order to ensure that all patients receive the best care possible. Nurses spend the most time with their patients; therefore, if nurses are not aware of all the variables that can affect the patient’s health and outcome, such as culture, then this can affect the safety of the patient...
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...The two videos watched are the Vision y Compromiso: Promotoras and Community Health Workers Network and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Health Angels: Help for Society's Most Vulnerable People. The theme of the first video--Vision y Compromiso: Promotoras and Community Health Workers Network are to make the public officials to aware of the health issues that exist in their communities throughout California. This promotora is a community leader with a vision of bringing a bridge between the social services and the needy community of California. The theme of the second video--Wood Johnson Foundation Health Angels: Help for Society's Most Vulnerable People help the vulnerable people in South Texas to know the health services available and teaching them how to use the available service. This promotora provide management of scarce health services such as water and others to the community and helping them to know how to survive. The promotora in the first video--Vision y Compromiso: Promotoras and Community Health Workers Network is involved in educating people on various health issues such as diabetes, HIV, high blood pressure and others in their community and also mobilizing the people in the community to understand the importance of being healthy. This promotora is in six regions within California and it work by meeting regularly in these regions. The meetings are held to discuss how they can enhance provision of their services to the communities around California. They...
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...This proposal provides the general architecture and set of strategies to consider for the first of two phases for rolling out the National Plan for Action to achieve health equity. This memo reflects what staff at the Office of Minority Health believe would help the federal government effectively release the National Plan for Action (“the Plan”) and draw sufficient attention to it from the key audiences and partners it seeks to mobilize and engage. The launch, now set for late September, is an initial step in a coordinated, strategic process over the course of 12 months to release this long-awaited roadmap, and to energize public and private stakeholders who ultimately will need to implement it. Through this initial launch in Washington D.C., OMH hopes to achieve the following goals: • Raise awareness about the Plan, particularly among key groups (OMH’s diverse partners) that have played a role in developing and championing it over the past two years; • Spur a wide distribution of the report among broad national stakeholder audiences, to mobilize interest and action; and • Generate excitement among the community of organizations and advocates that work on disparities-related issues about the significance of the federal government issuing the first comprehensive roadmap for achieving health equity in the United States. General Structure The launch date is still tentative but OMH is shooting for release either on September 20 or September 27, 2010. The...
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...receiving nursing care, problems with the low minority population in nursing, and a summary of the generational aspect of diversity in nursing. Importance of Diversity in the Workplace Across the nation, as the diversity of the population persistently expands, it is paramount the nursing workforce mirrors this evolvement to “effectively meet patient care needs and ensure cultural competency” (Mason, Leavitt, & Chaffee, 2014, p. 378). One important reason for nurses to study the effect of diversity is to improve the community and help promote the need for social change. There is a connection between the absence of variation in the workplace and health inconsistencies. If more nurses were to work with the indigent and minority populations, this “improves access among underrepresented groups” and would help with the discrepancy in health care (Huston, 2014, p. 137). Competent transcultural nursing care impacts the quality of care a patient receives by understanding the client’s needs holistically. Clark (2014) states that humility or the ability to learn from others and having an open mind is needed to impact a diverse population. Influence of Diversity on Nursing Care Diversity can affect nursing care in many ways, such as the amount of minorities in the workplace, the age or gender of the nurses, or the location in the country. In order to deliver competent cross-cultural care to patients, nurses must be sensitive to beliefs and traditions to each person. Lack of culturally...
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