...children's daily life, taking time off from school or difficulty eating 1. Quality of life has been increasingly used as a scientific concept in literature embracing a wide range of target groups and populations as a whole2. Measures of quality of life are increasingly being used to supplement clinical indicators to explore the individual’s perspectives on their health and health care and it is an important part of assessing oral health 3. These measures, which assess "the extent to which oral conditions disrupt normal social role functioning and lead to major changes in behavior", are known as socio-dental indicators or oral health-related quality of life measures (OHRQoL). These indicators were developed to assess subjective aspects of oral health 4. Adolescent oral health is influenced by many factors; good oral health is also associated with broader social and economic determinants. A variety of child oral health-related quality of life instruments have been developed in the past 20 years but child version of the Oral...
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...The relationship of excess body weight and health-related quality of life: evidence from a population study in Taiwan I-C Huang, C Frangakis, and AW Wu Abstract Objective: Excess body weight is related to significant morbidity and mortality. However, less is known about the relationship of body weight to health-related quality of life (HRQOL), especially for Asian populations. We examined the relationship of excess weight and HRQOL in a general population sample from Taiwan. Research methods and procedures: This cross-sectional study used a national representative sample (n=14221) from the 2001 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. Body weight was categorized using body mass index (BMI in kg/m2) as normal (18.5–24.9), overweight (25–29.9), and obese (>=30). HRQOL was measured using the Taiwan version of the SF-36. We compared the body weight–HRQOL relationships by age, gender, and status of chronic condition, respectively. We especially used the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) to examine the relationships of BMI and HRQOL by taking into account the correlations of HRQOL within households. Four models were developed to adjust sequentially for sets of covariates: Model 1 with no adjustment; Model 2 adjusting for socio-demographic variables; Model 3 adding chronic conditions; Model 4 further adding smoking status. Results: Unadjusted physical HRQOL was best for normal weight, worse for overweight, and worst for obese individuals. For unadjusted mental HRQOL, overweight...
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....WHAT IS QUALITY OF LIFE AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE? A REVIEW OF THE CONCEPTS AND SOME ATTEMPTS AT MEASUREMENT Quality of life research, then, spans a range of topics, from quality of life in the last year of life (Lawton et al. 1990) to quality of life in urban environments (Rogerson et al. 1989). As was illustrated earlier, quality of life is an amorphous concept, that has a usage across many disciplines -- geography, literature, philosophy, health economics, advertising, health promotion and the medical and social sciences (e.g. sociology and psychology). It is a vague concept; it is multidimensional and theoretically incorporates all aspects of an individual's life. Quality of life has also been defined as the `output' of the inputs of the physical and the spiritual (Liu 1974); as the degree to which a person accomplishes life goals (Cella and Cherin 1987); and even quantified crudely as a formula in which quality of life (QL) is a product of one's natural endowment (NE) and the effort made on one's behalf by the family (H) and society (S), such that QL ]] NE ]] H ]] S (Shaw 1977). The meaning of the concept of quality of life is thus arguably dependent on the user of the term, his or her understanding of it, and his or her position and agenda in the social and political structure (Edlund and Tancredi 1985): `Quality of life is a vague and ethereal entity, something that many people talk about, but which nobody very clearly knows what to do about' (Campbell...
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...After a careful reading, Health Status Outcome (HSO) studies are focused on the ending result or outcome of medical care given, taking into account the health care process, and well being of patients and the population. Ultimately, these studies are looking at the health status of the patient and are related to diagnosis. For example, lab test results, complication rates, morbidity rates, functional status, well being, and satisfaction with care given are health status outcomes. Patient Reported Outcomes (PRO) are subjective reports generated from the patient either through diaries, self-completed questionnaires, or interviews regarding their treatment. PRO helps with research to evaluate patient’s perception, symptoms, satisfaction with treatment and adherence to regimens. Quality of Life measures the overall sense of optimal health and coping mechanisms incorporating the positive and negative challenges encountered. This can include physical, mental, sexual, and social self-perceived health status. Quality of Life can also reflect freedom from disease symptoms and the ability to perform daily activity with minimal compromise. Quality of Life and health status have been used interchangeably by some researchers, but are regarded as separate measures by others. For example, according to Smith, Avis, & Assmann (1999) QOL has been examined as an outcome measure, and is an important endpoint in medical care. However, its definition still lacks clarity, especially in chronic...
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...The challenges and strategies for improving the national health as a whole will be to , increase the quality of individual life by making awareness and motivation to acquire knowledge over health .reduce and eliminate the disparities in the people that includes race , gender , ethnicity ,income and disability. The changes and policy strategies are designed to target whole national’s health rather than individuals by modifying physical and organizational strctures.example of such modification includes enhancing opportunities to engage in physical activity by providing onsite facilities for exercises. The educational and informational strategies attempt to build the knowledge to inform the necessity of optimal health practice. Information and learning experiences voluntary adaptations towards conductive behavior of health. This can be done by providing information in internet, posters, pamphlets, health and nutrition software’s and providing information regarding healthy diet and exercise. Behavioral and social strategies will influence the behaviors indirectly by targeting individual’s awareness, self – efficacy, perceived support and interntions.this can include social environment to provide support for the people to maintain weight changes. Such interventions can involve group behavioral counseling. The Vision of healthy people 2020: “A society in which all people live long , Healthy lives “, So the barriers to health service includes lack of availability, Increased cost, lack...
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...National Quality Standards: Residential Services for People with Disabilities Health Information and Quality Authority National Quality Standards: Residential Services for People with Disabilities About the Health Information and Quality Authority The Health Information and Quality Authority is the independent Authority which has been established to drive continuous improvement in Ireland’s health and social care services. The Authority was established as part of the Government’s Health Service Reform Programme. The Authority’s mandate extends across the quality and safety of the public, private (within its social care function) and voluntary sectors. Reporting directly to the Minister for Health and Children, the Health Information and Quality Authority has statutory responsibility for: Setting Standards for Health and Social Services — Developing personcentred standards, based on evidence and best international practice, for health and social care services in Ireland (except mental health services) Social Services Inspectorate — Registration and inspection of residential homes for children, older people and people with disabilities. Monitoring dayand pre-school facilities and children’s detention centres; inspecting foster care services Monitoring Healthcare Quality — Monitoring standards of quality and safety in our health services and implementing continuous quality assurance programmes to promote improvements in quality and safety standards in health. As deemed necessary...
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...TASK 2 QUALITY OF LIFE AND FUNCTIONING Personal Perception My perception about quality of life and health promotion might affect my care for a dying patient is determined by my religious belief that god rewarded us with a sacred gift, life, and it should be honored at every stage and challenge that we face. The quality of life should be respected and upheld in any way possible; with pride regardless the circumstances face it. Life at any stage has its excellence as long as God allows it and all the treatment during severe illness and during their final stages of life, they should be promoted to the comfort and meet of the sick or dying person and their loved ones in a humble and respected manner. One key quality of life is the emotional and psychological well-being of the patient, which is supported through interpersonal relations like social relationships. Emotional well-beings can be upheld by many different factors, for example, economic, personal improvement, self-determination and control, physical welfare, and the right to dignity, privacy and worth. All of these examples are a part of a major role in maintaining the quality of life and promoting health (Edgerton, 1996; Lehman, Rachuba & Postrado, 1995). The nurse’s opinion about the quality of life becomes an important factor for the type of service that will be sent to the patient and their family. In order for the health care worker to help provide quality care that helps the health and the life of the patient...
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...The concept, quality of life, as used in nursing theories, is presented in a historically situated context. This approach to concept analysis was selected to illuminate the subjective, contextual, and fluid nature of the concept. Based on this review, quality of life is defined as an intangible, subjective perception of one’s lived experience. From a review of Peplau’s, Rogers’, Leininger’s, King’s, and Parse’s conceptualizations of quality of life, it is concluded that it may be viable to replace health with quality of life as a meta-paradigm concept for nursing. There are numerous definitions of quality of life that exist. Described as experiences of life (Meeberg, 1993), satisfaction with life, and well-being (Ferrans, 1996; Haas, 1999; (Meeberg, 1993), the definition of quality of life lacks precision and specificity. Consistency is important because “differences in meaning can lead to profound differences in outcomes for research, clinical practice, and allocation of health care resources” (Ferrans, 1996, p. 294). Nurses have made important contributions to understanding this concept. The quality of life has been examined in groups of people experiencing a particular illness or health deficit, such as cancer or heart disease (C. R. King, 1998). Quality of life concept analyses have focused on existential aspects of the concept. However, these efforts have met with limited success (Ferrans, 1996) due to multiple disciplinary perspectives of quality of life researchers...
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...Technology and Health Care Paper Healthcare and transportation have been growing and evolving almost simultaneously. Although on individual tracks, they are both moving towards a goal. When trying to accomplish a goal, there are some barriers that may challenge the progress towards the mission. As a new member of Sentara Healthcare, one of the largest non-for profit healthcare organizations in Virginia and North Carolina, I was able to see firsthand some areas in the Nursing Centers that needed improvement. One area of opportunity is improvement in transporting patients to needed services. In fact, “transportation is often cited as a major barrier to health care access” (Syed, Gerber, & Sharp, 2014, p. 976). I will like to team up with medical transport to provide an option for wrap around services to improve the gap by providing a bridge between transportation and access to medical and other social activities. This paper will explain the potential impact the transportation service will have on quality care, quality of life, cost of care, and access. Background Medical transport is a well known transportation company in the Virginia area and other states. They provide emergency and non emergency transportation services to individuals with conditions that are disabling or who need extra assistance with mobility. All drivers are trained through the Critical Care Emergency Medical Transport Program (CCEMTP). The CCEMTP is an educational program for people who will be transporting...
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...a long time, health was understood simply as the state of absence of disease. However, this definition of health has been replaced by another one, which includes physical, mental and social well-being. Health is widely recognized as the greatest and best resource for social, economic and personal development, as well as one of the most important dimensions of quality of life. Health and quality of life are related. The quality of life refers how a person appreciates his or her self-realization of physical and emotional necessities and his or her social connections. (Pimento & Kernested, 2015). Analyzing my current life and my health conditions, I consider that there are some aspects that I need to improve. These aspects are important so that I can advance in my quality of life and promote my health condition. Among the many social determinants that influence our health, I am affected by the biology and genetic inheritance, my current social status, and social support network....
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...Concept Analysis: Healthcare Related Quality of Life Tarren Evans, RN BSN APSU/RODP NURS 5000 March 21, 2015 Quality of Life Concept Introduction The phrase “health care related quality of life” (HRQOL) or “quality of life” (QOL) is often used in healthcare. The perceptions of the meaning can vary depending on who is explaining it. The reason for this selected topic is to research other disciplines and see if indeed significant variations in the meaning exist. The purpose of this concept analysis is to define, research, and analyze if the dissimilarities improve or hinder a patient’s plan of care. This paper will examine the significance of a concept to advance understanding (McEwen, 2014). Literature Review Can quality of life be defined to have a uniformed definition? The first known research on quality of life was published in 1957 that surveyed mental health adults in the USA. The Oxford English Dictionary (2010) defines QOL as “the standard of health, comfort, and happiness experienced by an individual or group”. There are several influences that can alter the definition of QOL. The acronym “HRQOL” is a narrowed term when characteristics relating to an individual’s health status are likely to be affected (Sandau, 2014). The literature review discussed some domains that render the effects on the perception of this concept. A collaborative study done by doctors and nurse practitioners discussed that physical, social, emotional, cognitive, and spiritual...
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...United States, nearly 90,000 patients with chronic kidney disease progress to ESRD and begin renal replacement therapy. Most patients optimally would prefer a kidney transplant, but many may not have the ability to find a donor and must get on a transplant list. So while they wait for a suitable kidney donor their only option is dialysis. End Stage Renal Disease patients have two choices of dialysis, either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Chronic dialysis can impose a considerable burden on patients and their families, with regards to health care and their quality of life. Many statistical studies have been done to compare the qualities of life with ESRD patients who are on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. According to Lausevic, M., Nesic, V., Stojanovic, M., Stefanovic, V. (2006), health-related quality of life is a multidimensional concept that includes physical functioning, social functioning, mental health, and general health perceptions. This paper will discuss certain nursing issues, with regard to ESRD patients and their choice of renal replacement modalities, and review the literature from which this information was collected, and the statistical methods used and how the data was analyzed. Nursing Issues The choice of renal replacement modalities is usually a personal choice of the patient if they are given the proper information on...
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...Everything we do in life is either a debit or credit which leaves you with either a loss or a gain. Health care has become so much of a debt on people’s lives when it should be a credit. We as people should be able to have access to healthcare at an affordable price with quality service which are three aspects that are the most important in healthcare access, quality, and cost. Healthcare access is simply being able to have it when you need it although many don’t have it due to cost or because they don’t have the knowledge to access it. Access to healthcare effects the consumer’s quality of life which can lead to fatally. Cost which is being able to afford the healthcare is one of the biggest issues according to www.cdc.gov.com the percent...
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...m P.M HCS 533 Michael Gaul 22 March, 2016 The System Development Life cycle (SDLC) is a model which is used in a project management that involves and describes the stages which are used in information system development project. This life cycle is very useful for the implementation of system development project. The system is a set of components that interact to achieve common goals. It is widely used method of software development and acquisition in information technology area. Various enterprises used this system to achieve a common goal by working together in a proper and systematic way which is useful for achieving the resources and goal. There are various phases which are involved in the process of systematic development life cycle i.e. Planning, Analyzing, designing, supportive and implementation (Joanne Curry, 2007). Planning help us to review the project request, allocate resources and identify project development team. Analyzing is done to conduct preliminary investigations, Designing is done to acquire hardware and software and develop details of systems. Supporting is done to identify errors and monitor system performance and Implementation is a final stage which develops programs and install and convert it into new system. This phase says about its usage in various different enterprises and institutions (Angela Bonin, 2012). The use of System Development Life Cycle in health care institution involves various principal component of a regional hospital care...
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...transplant recipients, and the decrease in the death rates from CHD (Pillutla, Shetty, & Foster, 2008). Background Information Children with CHD have been noted to have increased rates of mental health comorbidities, which include depression and anxiety. Depression and mood disorders in this population have been positively correlated with lower physical and psychosocial quality...
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