Public Health
PH 100
Study Guide - Exam 4

Chapter 14 At the moment of conception you become genetically male or female Age that fully mature sperm develop-about age 15 Define menarche: Puberty- Females Aging women in their forties and fifties Decline in reproductive hormone production Define Menopause: the decline and eventual cessation of hormone production by the female reproductive system. Define gender identity: recognition of one's gender Define androgynous: Androgyny- blending of both masculine and feminine qualities. Male gonads hang in a sac outside the body because the body cavity is too warm for proper sperm development Conception occurs in the fallopian tubes
Chapter 15 The human sexual response patterns- Excitement stage- arousal stage Plateau stage- leveling off of arousal immediately before climax Orgasm stage-neuromuscular tension is released Resolution stage-return of the body to preexcitment stage Differences between men and women during sexual response patterns Women are multiorgasmic Women reach orgasms as quickly as men during masturbation Define bisexuals:attracted to both genders Define transexualism: a person who rejects his or her biological sexuality Celibacy is the self-imposed avoidance of all sexual intercourse Anal Intercourse Greater danger of transmitting HIV than during penis-vaginal intercourse Can be performed by heterosexual couples and gay men Define serial monogamy- a pattern of dating in which a person is involved in a series of exclusive relationships, one after the other.
Chapter 16 Abortion is NOT considered contraception Define use effectiveness of a contraceptive: measure of a contraceptive method's ability to prevent a pregnancy when used by the general public. Define coitus interruptus:sexual intercourse in which the penis is withdrawn before ejaculation The best time to have intercourse in order to conceive is two weeks after the beginning of menstruation Spermicides are effective with: Diaphragm Cap Condom Side effects of the oral contraceptive pill Blood clots Strokes Heart attacks Oral contraceptives increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in women over 35 Define vasectomy: removal of a section of the vas deferens
Chapter 17 The Stepfamily Association of America recommends the following: Nurture and enrich the couple relationship Reveal and understand emotions Have realistic expectations Develop new roles Seek support and see the positive 200-500 million sperm cells are deposited into the vagina during ejaculation Aids to fertilization: Sperm are deposited near the cervical opening Male accessory glands help make the semen nonacidic Uterine contractions aid sperm movement in the proper direction Sperm cells move fairly quickly Sperm can live for days Cervical mucus is thin and watery at the time of ovulation Presumptive signs of pregnancy: Missed menstrual period after sexual intercourse the previous month Morning sickness Increase in size and tenderness of breasts Darkening of the areolar tissue around the nipples Fetal growth characterizes the third trimester of pregnancy During labor, the cervix will dilate from zero to ten centimeters Define C-section: Cesarean Delivery: fetus is removed from the uterus through the abdominal wall. Define stepfamily: people become parents through marriage, when one or both adults bring children from previous relationships.
Chapter 20 Concerns of personal health: Indoor air quality Drinking water Endocrine disrupters Noise You have the greatest control over factors in your personal environment Carbon monoxide is a colorless gas Volatile organic compounds include; Paint stripper Disinfectants Cleaning solvents Asbestos Minerals with a fibrous crystal structure Causes lung damage and cancer if inhaled Leave undamaged asbestos-containing materials alone Hire qualified professional to remove damaged asbestos You should work with a certified radon reduction contractor if you detect unsafe levels of radon in your home Most land pollution today is associated with the disposal of solid waste The hidden dark side of the technology evolution with respect to the environment is the increased accumulation of obsolete electronic equipment Increases in human population cause: Resource depletion and starvation Habitat destruction Political tensions, terrorism, and war (competition for limited resources)
Chapter 21 Criteria to consider someone dead: Lack of heartbeat and breathing Lack of central nervous system function Presence of rigor mortis Psychological stages of dying Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance Interacting with dying people- Be genuine and honest Provide emotional support Allow people to express their feelings Talking to a child about death- Use straightforward, age-appropriate language Avoid shielding Make certain the child understands Provide simple, direct answers Define the main role of hospice: care for the terminally ill , goal is to maximize quality of life.