...advantages and disadvantages of various methods of government intervention to correct market failure arising from aircraft emissions. 3. Discuss the likely effects on the retail market for coffee if there is a large increase in city centre rents. 4.In the UK, students face increasing tuition fees. Discuss the benefits and costs to society of abolishing all tuition fees. 5.Discuss three policies to reduce the level of cigarette smoking amongst under 21s. 6.Discuss the extent to which governments should subsidise companies who are developing cars which run on clean fuels such as hydrogen? 7.Discuss whether the government is mistaken to worry about monopoly power? 8.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the government intervening in agricultural markets? 9.Discuss the effects on UK business of a rise in fuel prices. 10. Discuss whether the government should end free health care for people and make them take out private health care insurance like in the US? 11. Discuss the role that pollution permits could play in reducing global warming 12. Discuss the case for implementing a congestion charge for driving into Birmingham city centre. 13. Discuss the micro...
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...April 2013 ------------------------------------------------- Student name: _____________ Contents The business proposal - a brief summary (P1) 4 My business idea (Minimum 100 words) 4 The location & reason: Add Map! 4 Aims and Objectives (P1) 5 Action Plan (P1) 6 Swot analysis (P1) 7 Business threats 7 Legal Considerations (P1) 8 Proprietor’s background (P3.1) 11 Personal Development Plan (P3.2) 13 Market research Plan (P2.1) 14 The target market (P2.2) 15 The customers (P2.3) 16 The competition (P2.4) 17 The competition (P2.5) 18 Test marketing/ prospective clients (P2.6) 20 Advertising plan (P2.7) 21 Promotion (P2.8) 22 Sales plan (P2.9) 22 Production plan (P4.1) 23 Insurance (P4.2) 23 Legislation (P4.3) 23 Suppliers (P4.4) 24 Business premises (P4.5) 24 Business equipment (P4.6) 24 Terms of trade (P4.7) 25 Labour costs related to hours available (P4.8) 26 Financial Plan (P4. 9) 27 Personal survival budget 27 Sources of finance (P4.10) 29 Total finance available £ 29 Estimated pre-start costs (P4.11) 29 Estimated working capital (P4.12) 30 Sales Analysis (P4.13) 31 Cash flow forecast (P4.14): 32 Break-even analysis (P4.15): 32 Projected profit and loss account (P4.16): 32 Start up balance sheet (P4.17): 32 The business proposal - a brief summary (P1) Name: | Business name: | My business idea (Minimum 100 words) | The location & reason: Add Map! | Premises | How the business...
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...housing stock. b That the state thinks there is less market failure in the housing market now than in 1979. use. Figure 1 shows that drivers do not initially pay for the negative externalities (external costs) they generate. A tax equivalent to the marginal external cost would push price up to PX. Road use would be reduced from Q to QX, the socially optimum level. In practice, it is difficult to estimate external costs. d Congestion and other negative externalities caused by car use will increase. Road use by cars is likely to continue to increase in the absence of government action because: the price of road use does not reflect its true costs; road use is income inelastic – as incomes rise, people use their cars more and more families have cars; increasing economic activity and geographical mobility mean there are likely to be more cars on the road. Activity 2, page 163 a The action suggests that pre-2003 car use was above the socially optimum level. This is because the Mayor’s action was designed to reduce car use. b Two other policies which could be used are to increase the cost of parking and to increase cycle and bus lanes in central London. Figure 1 MSB MSC MPC costs/benefits Activity 3, page 164 a The government does not provide IVF treatment in every region because of lack of resources. b NHS IVF treatment is a substitute to private IVF treatment, but in terms of maternity care it is a complement. PX P MSC MSB MPC 0 QX Q road use Multiple choice questions, page...
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...housing stock. b That the state thinks there is less market failure in the housing market now than in 1979. use. Figure 1 shows that drivers do not initially pay for the negative externalities (external costs) they generate. A tax equivalent to the marginal external cost would push price up to PX. Road use would be reduced from Q to QX, the socially optimum level. In practice, it is difficult to estimate external costs. d Congestion and other negative externalities caused by car use will increase. Road use by cars is likely to continue to increase in the absence of government action because: the price of road use does not reflect its true costs; road use is income inelastic – as incomes rise, people use their cars more and more families have cars; increasing economic activity and geographical mobility mean there are likely to be more cars on the road. Activity 2, page 163 a The action suggests that pre-2003 car use was above the socially optimum level. This is because the Mayor’s action was designed to reduce car use. b Two other policies which could be used are to increase the cost of parking and to increase cycle and bus lanes in central London. Figure 1 MSB MSC MPC costs/benefits Activity 3, page 164 a The government does not provide IVF treatment in every region because of lack of resources. b NHS IVF treatment is a substitute to private IVF treatment, but in terms of maternity care it is a complement. PX P MSC MSB MPC 0 QX Q road use Multiple choice questions, page 165...
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...Unit 18 Understand potential careers in the health sector. P1- Explain the requirements for two different careers in the health sector In this assignment I will be looking at two different jobs within health and social care. Entry and training Requirements : Midwifery When applying for university each university has its own requirements. HEIs usually look for a minimum of five GCSE at a grade C or above. Typically English language or literature and sometimes a science subject. Other requirements that are need are two or three A levels or an equivalent such as BETEC health and social car qualification. COME BACK TO THIS Skills required There are a range of important skills and knowledge an individual will need in order to pursue a career in midwifery. Excellent people skills is needed. Having babies happens to all sort of people , so the individual who wants to peruse career in midwifery , will be providing professional support and reassurance to a huge diversity of women during some of the most emotionally intense periods. Good communication and observation Individual needs to be a very good listening and communicating with the women, their families and partners. Ability to answer questions and offer advice Midwives are the most frequent point of contact for parents to be, so you must be able to answer their questions, share your knowledge and skills with patients, their families and friends and make sure their needs are recognised...
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...Unit 12: Public Health Contents No. | Title | Page no. | 1 | P1: Describe key aspects of public health | 3 | 2 | P2: Describe the origins of public health policy in the UK from the 19th century to the present day | 4-5 | 3 | P3: Describe current patterns of ill health and how they are monitored | 6 | 4 | P4: Explain the main factors affecting current patterns of health in the UK | 7-8 | 5 | P5: Explain health promotion and protection | 9 | 6 | P6: Explain appropriate methods of prevention/control for a named communicable and a named non-communicable disease | 10 | | Bibliography | 11 | P1: Describe key aspects of public health These are the key aspects of public health: 1) Monitoring health status – They do this by tracking changes in the health of the population and alerting people to potential problems, like the rising levels of obesity within the population....
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...Chap1 Comparing Apples and Oranges The concept of “apples and oranges” relates to the consistency of anything that is compared with something else. Whenever you make a comparison in sentence, you have to make sure the things you compare are , in fact, comparable. Than ①主语比较 1. Because the Earth’s crust is more solid there and thus better able to transmit shock waves, an earthquake in the eastern United States will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will a quake of comparable magnitude occurring in the West.(D-P35-9) 2.Local residents claim that San Antonio, Texas, has more good Mexican American restaurants than does any other city in the United States. (D-p78-14) 3.The guiding principles of the tax plan released by the Treasury Department could have even greater significance for the economy than do the particulars of the plan. (C-p8-6) 4. Because natural gas is composed mostly of methane, a simple hydrocarbon, vehicles powered by natural gas emit less of certain pollutants than those burning gasoline or diesel fuel. (C-p8-16) 5. The United States government employs a much larger proportion of women in trade negotiations than does any other government. (C-p22-8) 6. The pay of senior executives increased in 1990 by a larger percentage than did the wages of other salaried workers. (C-p67-5) 7. A newly developed jumbo rocket, which is expected to carry the United States into its next phase of space exploration, will be able to deliver a heavier load...
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...Paper P1 pt em 20 be 15 r/D ex ec am em s be Governance, Risk & Ethics Please spread the word about OpenTuition, so that all ACCA students can benefit. ONLY with your support can the site exist and continue to provide free study materials! Visit opentuition.com for the latest updates watch the free lectures that accompany these notes; attempt free tests online; get free tutor support, and much more. OpenTuition Lecture Notes can be downloaded FREE from http://opentuition.com Copyright belongs to OpenTuition.com - please do not support piracy by downloading from other websites. r The best things in life are free IMPORTANT!!! PLEASE READ CAREFULLY To benefit from these notes you must watch the free lectures on the OpenTuition website in which we explain and expand on the topics covered In addition question practice is vital!! You must obtain a current edition of a Revision / Exam Kit from one of the ACCA approved content providers they contain a great number of exam standard questions (and answers) to practice on. You should also use the free “Online Multiple Choice Tests” and the “Flashcards” which you can find on on the OpenTuition website. http://opentuition.com/acca/ December 2015 Examinations ACCA P1 1 Content 1. Corporate Governance 2. Approaches to Corporate Governance 11 3. The Board of Directors 19 4. Board committees 37 5. Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility ...
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...CHAPTER 1 The Accounting Environment: What Is Accounting and Why Is It Done? QUESTIONS Q1-1. A variety of answers are possible but the essential elements are the production and communication of information so that stakeholders can make decisions. Q1-2. Financial accounting is concerned with providing information to those outside an entity such as investors, lenders, and CRA. Managerial accounting provides information to those inside the entity such as managers and other decision makers. Table 1.3 provides differences: Table 1.3 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FINANCIAL AND MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING | |Financial Accounting |Managerial Accounting | |Stakeholders |External to the entity. Includes investors, |Internal to the entity. Managers and other | | |lenders, taxation authorities (such as the |employees. | | |Canada Revenue Agency), competitors, and many | | | |others. These stakeholders usually don’t have | | | |direct access to information about the entity | | | ...
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...mic AS ECONOMICS STUDY GUIDE UNIT ONE Markets: How They Work & Why They Fail For Edexcel Syllabus: updated 2010 CONTENTS Page Reading list 3 Syllabus 4 SECTION A – HOW THEY WORK 1. The Basic Economic Problem 8 2. Specialisation and the Division of Labour 10 3. Production Possibility Frontiers 12 4. Types of Economy 15 5. Positive & Normative Statements 18 6. Theory of Demand 19 7. Theory of Supply 21 8. Equilibrium/Market Clearing Price & Price Mechanism 23 9. Consumer and Producer Surplus 26 10. Price Elasticity of Demand 28 11. Price Elasticity of Demand and Revenue 30 12. Price Elasticity of Demand along Demand Curve 31 13. Cross Elasticity of Demand 32 14. Income Elasticity of Demand 33 15. Price Elasticity of Supply 34 16. Elasticity Summary 35 17. Indirect Taxes and Subsidies 38 18. Labour Markets 41 SECTION B – MARKET FAILURE 19. Market Failure 45 20. Externalities 46 21. Externalities Diagrams 47 22. Merit and Demerit Goods 49 23. Missing Market: Public Goods 51 24. Imperfect Market Information 53 25. Government Intervention to Correct Market Failure 55 26. Factor Immobility: Labour Market 60 27. Unstable Commodity...
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...MAP 4 21.2 20 25 19.1 18 17 24 34 8.2 19.2 Swansea University Campus Visitors Car Park (Pay and Display) Key Buildings 1 2 2.1 3 4 5 6 7 8.1 8.2 8.3 9 9.4 11.1 11.2 11.3 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19.2 24 31 32 32.1 33 34 36 40 Finance Building Singleton Abbey Singleton Abbey, Stable Block Keir Hardie Building James Callaghan Building Law Library Mosque Library and Information Centre Faraday Building Faraday Tower Talbot Building Wallace Building Margam Building Glyndwr Building ˆ Vivian Tower Sports Science Motion Laboratory Grove Building Grove Building Extension Richard Price Building Amy Dillwyn Building Haldane Building Fulton House Union House Energy Centre Digital Technium Taliesin Annexe Taliesin Arts Centre Egypt Centre Institute of Life Science 1 Llyr Building ˆ Institute of Life Science 2 / Centre for NanoHealth Porters’ Traffic Control Lodge 3 4 3 14 8.3 3 12, 33 11.2 4 11.2 11.2 11.2, 11.3 4 Hispanic Studies History Italian Law Mathematics Media and Communication Studies Medicine Physics Politics and International Relations Psychology Social Policy / Work Sports Science War and Society Singleton Hospital To Sports Village (pedestrian access) 36 Bus, Cycle & Pedestrian Access 33 P 11.3 11.2 16 P 14 P 21 21.3 Staff Car Parks Bus Stops Taxis P 27 26 Public Telephones Catering Facilities Baby Changing Facilities Services / Facilities 2.1 2 2 32 32 17, 18, 32 32 17, 18, 32 17 7 2 17 17 30 23 3.1 13 17 32.1 18 1...
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...MICRO-ECONOMICS BY DARLINGTON MZIE 2014-15 Mosi-oh-tunya high DARLINGTON PHIRIM M ECONOMICS DEF: a dynamic subject that studies e changes in e economy -it is a scientific inquiry where economic agents seek to allocate scarce resources efficiently. This goes about in answering fundamental economic questions, how, what and 4 whom. (P. Samuelson) -it’s a human science which studies e relationship between e use of scarce resources and their uses that strive for them. BASIC ECONOMIC PROBLEM SCARCITY –human needs and wants tend to be infinity. This leads to what can be refered as the economic problem. ...
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...orders P1- Outline current crime and disorder legislation P2- State the main sentences and orders criminal courts can impose M1- Analyze the impact of two pieces of crime and disorder legislation D1- Evaluate the impact of one piece of crime and disorder legislation Mentioned the impact on the victim, society and communities and the transport police but could do with more detail and facts or references statistics. The Theft Act This is taking the property of another without the intension to give it back; this can have an impact on the victim as they’re without their property whatever it may be (car, phone, wallet, game) or any other property. The person then becomes deprived and feels insecure in case of any other incidents that may occur and they find themselves to be in the same situation, there’s many different types of theft such as robbery, theft, burglary, aggravated burglary. The theft Act is dishonestly taking a belonging from one person and treating it as their own to sell to a third person or do whatever they please with It, theft has a great overall impact on society and communities shoplifters for an example are dishonestly taking produce and products this has an impact on the business owners and citizens could have to do without certain items. Another type of theft could be metal theft this could be taking certain metal from public buildings such as churches, war memorials and other public building such as schools which can cause a health and safety...
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...1 1. What is meant by price elasticity of demand? [2marks] Price elasticity of demand is a responsiveness of quantity demanded due to change in price of a commodity. 2. What is meant by price elasticity of demand? [5marks] Price elasticity of demand is a responsiveness of quantity demanded due to change in price of a commodity. It can be calculated using a formula. % CHANGE IN QUANTITY DEMANDED PED = % CHANGE IN PRICE There are five types of elasticity where the value ranges from 0 to infinity. They are; Perfectly inelastic ( elasticity value is equal to 0) Perfectly elastic ( elasticity value is equal to infinity) Elastic ( elasticity value is greater than 1) Inelastic ( elasticity value is less than 1) Unitary elastic ( elasticity value is equal to 1) Note: - Candidates can include simple diagrams of different types of elasticity. 3. Discuss why the price elasticity of demand for the items mentioned in the article might differ. [5marks] Note: - Here, no need of definition since in part –c definition of elasticity has been given) The items mentioned in the article are clothing and footwear, together with certain perfumes, hair-styles, cell-phones and household appliances. First of all clothing and foot wear can be classified as a basic human need where people find very difficult to live without that. This means any person is ready to buy these products at any price since they did not have a choice. So, these products are inelastic product where...
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...THE ROLE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION P1: In health care setting, communication is very important because in this setting they are dealing with human life. If communication is giving and receiving information, this means that it is very important for it to be effective in every health care settings for the health care workers to be able to carry out their duties effectively . The role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in health care is to bring mutual understanding and relationship between the service user and the health care workers, and also between the health care workers and their colleagues, it helps to make the service users feel safe and also helps in developing trust and respect in their relationships. P1A: This year I was placed with the MMDNA for my work placement, on my first day at work I had a brief interaction with the nurse that was on duty with me. The interaction was all about introduction of our selves and also the nurse gave me some information on the type of services that MMDNA gives to their clients, and did a brief introduction of the service users that we will be visiting, she told me what is wrong with them and what we will be doing when we get to their various houses. We had this interaction out side in the official car of the nurse. What is meant by effective when discussing communication and interpersonal interaction in health care is when the message is clear and well understood between the giver and the receiver...
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