Welding join together (metal parts) by heating the surfaces to the point of melting with a blowpipe, electric arc, or other means, and uniting them by pressing, hammering, etc.
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Welding electrodes In arc welding an electrode is used to conduct current through a workpiece to fuse two pieces together. Depending upon the process, the electrode is either consumable, in the case of gas metal arc welding or shielded metal arc welding, or non-consumable, such as in gas tungsten arc welding. For a direct current system the weld rod or stick may be a cathode for a filling type weld or an anode for other welding processes. For an alternating current arc welder the welding electrode would not be considered an anode or cathode.
The Four Positions from a Closer View
Now that we have some background about the two basic types of welding, it’s time to take a closer look at those positions.
Flat
In a flat position, a weld is performed along largely a horizontal access and from above the joint. It is the easiest type of weld to perform.
Horizontal
In the horizontal position, the weld’s axis is the horizontal plane. Horizontal welding is often used for fillet or groove welds.
Vertical
With a vertical position, the weld’s axis is largely in a vertical or upright position. It is typically more complicated to perform than flat and horizontal welding.
Overhead
In this the most complicated of the four, welding is performed from the underside of the joint.
The main Types of welding used in industry and by home engineers are commonly referred to as Mig welding, Arc welding, Gas welding and Tig welding.
GMAW or Gas Metal Arc Welding
More commonly called MIG welding this welding type is the most widely used and perhaps the most easily mastered type of welding for industry and home use. The GMAW process is suitable for fusing