...volume of the standard text, Taxonomy of educational objectives: the classification of educational goals[1] (referred to as simply "the Handbook" below). Although named for Bloom, the publication followed a series of conferences from 1949 to 1953, which were designed to improve communication between educators on the design of curricula and examinations.[2][3] It refers to a classification of the different objectives that educators set for students (learning objectives). Bloom's Taxonomy divides educational objectives into three "domains": Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor (sometimes loosely described as knowing/head, feeling/heart and doing/hands respectively). Within the domains, learning at the higher levels is dependent on having attained prerequisite knowledge and skills at lower levels.[4] A goal of Bloom's Taxonomy is to motivate educators to focus on all three domains, creating a more holistic form of education.[1] A revised version of the taxonomy was created in 2000.[5][6][7] Bloom's Taxonomy is considered to be a foundational and essential element within the education community as evidenced in the 1981 survey Significant writings that have influenced the curriculum: 1906-1981, by H.G. Shane and the 1994 yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education. A mythology has grown around the taxonomy, possibly due to many people learning about the taxonomy through second hand information. Bloom himself considered the Handbook,[1] "One of the most widely cited...
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...Creative Thinking Skills Creativity is essentially not a knowledge or a science branch. Instead it is a skill that may be improved through various methods. Amabile (1983) has reserved studies showing that the same factor that stimulate intrinsic motivation also simulate creativity. Brownd Walter (1983- 1993) discuss problem posing strategies for determining what a problem really is or presenting problem succinctly for solution as a basis for creative-problem solving. The very act of generating solutions to problems requires the creative process of going beyond previously learned concepts and rules. Creativity involves divergent and convergent thinking to produce new ideas (Crowl et al., 1997). Its place in the network of higher order thinking...
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...the profession. Hence, the most ideal method for approaching these questions, would be to utilize the Bloom’s Taxonomy, which gives an higher order of critical thinking for professional nursing tests. In other words, this higher order request proposes that while gaining knowledge, it is vital to move higher up in the critical thinking levels and end with evaluating every test question and situations provided to a nursing student, such as myself. As an illustration, a bit of knowledge to know would be Florence Nightingale is the founder of Nursing. Nonetheless, when thinking fundamentally, I would want to know why or why not is nursing considered a profession thus this is restricted of...
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...Critical Thinkers and Education A Teachers Goal Bia Mcgrue Scypion EDU372: Educational Psychology Prof. Jimletta Vareene-Thomas 2/20/2016 Critical Thinkers and Education A Teachers Goal Throughout life we are challenged and we encounter an abundance of issues or problems that we need to solve. Some problems that can be resolved effortlessly and efficiently but other obstacles may require a more critical and creative thinking to overcome. When it comes down to thinking to solve problems we depend on our thinking or give some regurgitated answer that we just read. But “much of our thinking, left to itself, is biased, distorted, partial, uninformed, or downright prejudiced” (TCTC, 2016). The purpose of critical thinking is so that we are able to not only accomplish or attain understanding but also so we can assess or check each other’s frame of reference and eventually clarify the question or dilemma at hand. Some would argue whose challenge is it to get students to move pass their beliefs and assumption. Is it on students to dig deeper to gain or find additional tools and information that leads to developing a more in depth thought process. Richard Dawkins expressed that we should “not indoctrinate your children. Teach them how to think for themselves, how to evaluate evidence, and how to disagree with you” (Dawkins, 2015). Picture a student who completes every assignment follows along attentively writes down the notes and answers the questions with the information found...
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...The study is focused principally on the implications of reading skills to the critical thinking of third year high school students The profile of the students on sex, English rating and English language preference were considered. It assessed the students’ reading skills on word recognition through context clues, noting details, getting the main idea, inferring, making generalizations and predicting outcomes. It also evaluated the students’ critical thinking skills, particularly on knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation. The impact of reading skills to the critical thinking of the students was also analyzed and examined. The results showed that in general, the reading skills of the students are low, with making generalizations as their lowest skill and noting details as their dominant aspect. The students’ critical thinking skills are also low with synthesis as their lowest level and knowledge as their dominant aspect. Male students have lower critical thinking level compared to the females. The females are significantly higher in knowledge level. Students with very good/good English ratings have higher critical thinking level compared to those with fair and poor English ratings. Academic performance in English affects their critical thinking ability. Students who prefer the use of the English language are also higher in their critical thinking levels compared to those who did not prefer to use it. Preference...
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...10 Modern Teaching Skills Posted on October 25, 2013 by patrick Do you possess Modern Teaching Skills? As with most professions today, there are rapid developments in teaching that are being driven by social and technological changes. Keeping up to date with these developments within education will pay dividends with improved teaching skills. The skills needed to be a great teacher have now changed; modern teachers need to be competent in many new skill sets that were unknown to their predecessors. So here are, in our opinion, the 10 skills Modern Teachers need to know. Traditional Teaching Skills These first 6 teaching skills (in red in the image) are not new, but their importance has increased significantly for the modern teacher. # 1 Commitment: It is essential that teachers are committed to their work and to the education of young people. The responsibility that lies in the hands of a teacher is huge, so a modern teacher must always be aware of this and be truly engaged in their profession. # 2 Preparation: There used be a time when the right temperament enabled you to become a teacher. Nowadays it’s nigh on impossible to find a teacher without formal academic training. This requirement is increasing as education levels improve in society. The better prepared you are as a teacher, the more effective you’ll be, so you should pursue you studies with this ethos in mind. # 3 Organization: Good organization and the planning of a course in advance are key factors for...
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...Critical thinking Every thought or expression requires some thinking to make. When taking a decision sometimes some action or decision requires a further step, critically thinking. For some reason there are only a number of persons that have the ability to think in a higher level. Critical thinkers have the capacity to think on a higher level. A process for thinking critically is required that will bring about decisions and thoughts that will provide for a better life for ourselves and those around us. Most of us take thinking for granted. However, we develop as critical thinkers when we open ourselves to recognizing the strengths and weakness’ of our own thinking. Every decision taken leads us to another issue to have. In the world of business, critical thinking is very important. Persons are required to have a higher thinking skill because this will be a benefit to the organization or company. All companies have different types issues to solve. In the workplace, brainstorming during the critical thinking method allows for many creative ideas to be made. Brainstorming should have no boundaries, so the mind can move from one thought to the next, allowing for the ideas. These creative ideas can be calculated, selected apart, and restructured at a later time to help meet the needs of the organization. From the YWCA there are many meetings and trainings conducted each month. The reason there are many things to be discussed is because YWCA branch is dedicated to work with children...
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...Policies For Curriculum Development Ashanti C. Chambers Grand Canyon University 10/30/2013 Policies For Curriculum Development Instructional practices and there implementation are crucial to the success or failure of students. In order to achieve high-level learners based on a standardized curriculum, instructional practices must be examine and analyzed to ensure that all student’s needs are met. There are proven instructional practices that have led to higher level learning and student success that are engaging and allow students to be responsible for their own learning. By aligning these practices with a standard based curriculum, students can be successful at applying their learning to real world problem solving while passing the curriculum-based assessments to determine student growth. Marzano’s High Yield Strategies It has been said that teacher are made, not born. Robert J. Marzano used this premise to start his work on creating instructional strategies that can make any teacher an effective instructor. An important study during the late 1960’s indicated that teachers form expectations about their students’ chances for academic success and then interact with students on the basis of those expectations (Marzano, 2010, p. 82). This basically says that teachers often treats students according to what they expect each can do based on their abilities. With these expectations, students will usually start to act in accordance with the expectation that this treatment...
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...Education the first level of thinking I noticed was that of Knowledge(Evaluating) because the task in which the teacher was presenting require different cognitive strategies. The teacher showed students a picture of the block center as well as the art center. She then demonstrated her purpose of the picture to the student by pulling a marker out of the bag asking them where they think it should go. After the teacher saw that the student had grasp the concept of knowledge she provided each of them the opportunity to collect an item from the bag. Meanwhile, during the process of small group the teacher ask question about other selected item the children used that also required them to think. The students developed their knowledge of different learning and thinking strategies as well as their use. In the second videoTechnology in Early Childhood Family Education Classrooms the next level of thinking I noticed was Analyzing where the teacher used the smart board of breaking knowledge into components and determine the relationship of the components to one another such as the schedule that required the students to think about green choices at circle time that require the students to come uo and find their name, and how they related to the overall structure of holding their attention for half an hour where they come up and do and hear things on the smart board. The finally video Introduction to Large Group I noticed the level of Creating thinking to build a sense of community...
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...Higher Order Thinking and Diverse Learners Grand Canyon University: Secondary Methods and Data-Driven Pedagogy April Smith GCU: SED-444 August 25, 2013 Higher Order Thinking and Diverse Learners Grand Canyon University: Secondary Methods and Data-Driven Pedagogy April Smith GCU: SED-444 August 25, 2013 Higher Order Thinking and Diverse Learners This unit is designed for students in beginning Algebra classes. It is an introduction to the basic functions of algebra including the definition of an equation, using basic mathematical skills to solve equations, and applying equations to problem solving. South Carolina Standard 8-3: Through the process standards students will demonstrate an understanding of equations, inequalities, and linear functions (South Carolina Department of Education, 2007). Specific Indicators as outlined by the South Carolina Department of Education 8-3.1 Translate among verbal, graphical, tabular and algebraic representations of linear functions. 8-3.2 Represent algebraic relationships with equations and inequalities. 8-3.3 Use properties to examine equivalence of a variety of algebraic expressions. 8-3.4 Apply procedures to solve multi-step equations. 8-3.5 Classify relationships between two variables as linear or non-linear. Objectives Day 1 Objective: Students will learn the definition of an algebraic equation and the parts of an equation. Day 2 Objective: Students will apply their knowledge of addition and...
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...more essential. The higher and often more complex health needs of today’s patient population requires nurses to have a wider more advanced knowledge as well as skill set. Nursing is more than just providing bedside care. More often than not, we as nurses are called upon to step into the role of social worker, spiritual counselors, therapist and many other titles that our patients may require of us. Nursing is taking into consideration the person as a whole and that usually means also taking care of whatever social, mental, emotional, and environmental concerns our patients may present with, in addition to their acute illness. In order for a nurse to be adequately prepared to step into all of these “roles” we need well educated nurses. When deciding to get a nursing degree, you have a choice between an associate’s degree and a baccalaureate degree. Immediately out of nursing school there may not be a whole lot of measurable difference in the two degrees. Both degree programs will adequately prepare you to be a bedside nurse. The difference between the two degrees however becomes very evident as your nursing experience grows. This paper discusses the differences between associate prepared nurses and baccalaureate prepared nurses. One of the most identifiable areas of difference between the associates and baccalaureate degree is the emphasis on the development of critical thinking skills. ( Alverson, Brown, and Pepa 2004). Although critical thinking is essential for any...
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...BUSINESS RESEARCH SKILLS | LECTURER NAME | : | DR. ADRIEN EROS | STUDENT NAME | : | MUHAMMAD SEPTIAN WICAKSONO | SAXION STUDENT NR. | : | 339858 | GREENWICH STUDENT NR. | : | | COURSE YEAR | : | 2013-2014 | DATE SUBMITTED | : | 30-09-2013 | Coursework is receipted on the understanding that it is the student’s own work that is has not, in whole or part, been presented elsewhere for assessment. Where material has been used from other resources it has been properly acknowledged in accordance with the University’s Regulations regarding Cheating and Plagiarism. Tutor’s Comments: GRADE AWARDED: Task 1 On Critical Thinking: A Brief Explanation and Its Importance on Education Name: Muhammad Septian Wicaksono Student Number: 339858 Date: 23 September 2013 Words count: 513 For a long time, people have always believed that the world is anything but round. It was Aristotle who finally came with a theory of spherical shape of Earth. Aristotle’s conclusion was withdrawn since the shadow of Earth on the Moon during a lunar eclipse is round (Stocks, 2013). It was not easy to come up with such theory which was against a common belief. But, Aristotle came with his critical thinking and proved that the previous theory was wrong. So, what is critical thinking? Paul and Elder (2006, p.4) state that “critical thinking is the art of analyzing and evaluating thinking with a view to improving it”. Many experts believe that critical thinking is very important in...
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...Draw on Bloom's taxonomy to demonstrate the value of thinking about thinking. Good morning/afternoon/evening, wherever this presentation finds you. I will be drawing on Bloom’s taxonomy to understand and demonstrate the importance of thinking about thinking. I will be discussing a brief history surrounding the taxonomy, what it means today, the different levels of thinking involved and how they differ, plus demonstrate how we can reach sophisticated thinking within academia and our lives using fictional examples. First, a bit of history to understand the subject at hand. The original framework was conceived as a means of measuring educational objectives. Benjamin S. Bloom initiated the idea, beginning in 1949, with a final draft published in 1956 (Krathwohl, 2002). Initially, the term taxonomy was unfamiliar as an education term and misunderstood, receiving little attention at the time (Krathwohl, 2002). The revised framework, was developed 45 years later by Anderson and Krathwohl in 2001 in order to fit the more outcome-focused modern educational objectives (Huitt, 2011). The differing frameworks are illustrated and you can see the similarities between the two. They are arranged in a hierarchy from less to more complex. I like the acronyms used here from LOTS (lower order thinking skills) to HOTS (higher order thinking skills). Further to revision of the taxonomy, Anderson and Krathwohl added a conceptualisation of knowledge dimensions (as shown) within which these processing...
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...Comparison of Critical Thinking Skills between Associate, Baccalaureate, and RN-to-BSN Nurses A Comparison of Critical Thinking Skills between Associate, Baccalaureate, and RN-to-BSN Nurses There are many differences in the competencies between associate and baccalaureate level nurses. Associate level nursing programs tend to concentrate on the more technical aspects of nursing which allows students once they graduate to provide appropriate care to patients and families, especially during times of illness. They may practice on a more restricted level, making their nursing skills limited to more direct patient care in nursing homes and hospitals. Baccalaureate nursing programs improve on these skills by teaching more critical thinking to allow a more thorough approach to caring for their patients. RN-to-BSN programs allow ADN nurses that have grown confident in their hands-on skills and want to gain more critical thinking skills the ability to build on their education and "prepare...for a broader scope of practice" (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2014). The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) notes multiple research studies linking fewer medication errors, lower mortality rates and more positive patient outcomes to nursing education received at the baccalaureate level (2014). BSN programs also help teach the leadership needed for nursing supervision and prepare their nurses for graduate studies. Critical thinking competency is key to...
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...physicians grows, so does the demand for care. Patients and organizations will rely on nurses to close this gap in primary care. This will require nurses to provide a higher level of care and a broader range of services. They will be expected to be more independent, accountable, professional, and highly educated. Baccalaureate programs provide advanced training in critical thinking, leadership, education and patient safety (Cresaia & Friberg, 2010). Associate degrees are more focused on the technical aspects of nursing care and teach only the basics of leadership (Moore, 2009). Nurses that obtain a BSN degree are more prepared to face today’s challenges in health care and provide patients with the level of care they need. America’s population is becoming older and more diverse. With an aging population of patients, health care will be faced with more chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and mental health conditions (IOM, 2011). Nurses will need advanced critical thinking skills in order to care for patients with chronic conditions. Managing these conditions will prevent the disease from progressing further and prevent acute care episodes. A study spanning twenty-one University Healthsystem Consortium hospitals found that nurses with baccalaureate degrees or higher their patients “had lower congestive heart failure mortality, decubitus ulcers, failure to rescue, and postoperative deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism...
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