...In life we perform various actions of which before performing we do not think the consequences of; it is only after experiencing the effects of it that we are able to highlight the causes. People behave the way the way they do because of their past, their past experiences in life, how they were treated, and what events occurred in their life, what paths and methods they were influenced or forced to chose. All these can be causes for a person behaving or acting the way he does. Same is the case with me. I did not realize the actions I did were good or bad until I saw the side effects of them. The side effects were evident through the different events that occurred in my life later on. The realization came to me only after experiencing those events. The realization was a gradual process.(transition) Few months back I got admission in IBA, in the field of BBA. It is considered to be one of the top universities for bachelors in business administration in Pakistan. In the first couple of weeks everything sailed smoothly, and I thought I was on top of the world. But as the saying goes, everything that goes up must come down, and so I to had a downfall. As time passed on I noticed and felt something strange. Every day I used to have that same feeling. It was as if I was lacking in something, maybe it was that I could not fit with my mates, or not enjoying the university life. For about a weak I could not figure out what had went wrong, and what I should do. But the day finally arrived...
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...FINAL DRAFT- HINDSIGHT MAIRA KHUDA BUKSH SECTION: MC-1 ERP: 09329 DATE: 30-10-14 “I used to be very distracted and apathetic until my father’s words led me to work hard and be more focused” I used to be very distracted and apathetic. I held a relaxed, creative, imaginative, artistic and friendly approach towards life. I spent my time in leisure activities like socializing, shopping or having a good time. I remained calm and relaxed most of the times. I believed in taking my time to stop and smell the roses instead of running the mad rat race. Relaxation, enjoyment and fun came very naturally to me. I did not feel any sort of compulsion to meet deadlines. I had no problem relaxing or sitting without doing anything unlike. I had no concern about my future aims. I had not decided earlier about my plans after my Intermediate. When my exams ended, and I saw my friends moving ahead and going in good universities, I realized that I should also do something. I did not want to be left out. One of my friends was applying for BBA in IBA (Institute of Business Administration). I thought that this is a good idea and it would be perfect for me. Though I knew that passing the IBA test is not easy, I had 20 days so I believed that I could do it by working hard. I shared this idea with my father, but he refused and said that it is not as easy as I think. It requires a long haul. He gave me the examples of my cousins and my brother, who after preparing hard for months, failed...
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...Syeda Batool Fatima Rizvi 08496 Batool_fatima16@hotmail.com It was the summer of 2010. That one dark night that changed my life forever. Every time I think about it the horrific images come right in front of my eyes as vividly as the night I’d seen them, sending nasty chills down my spine all over again. The fear, the terror that had griped me then denies to elude me even today. Even after four years, I’m still the scared little 18 year old girl who saw people get killed brutally and mercilessly right In front of her eyes, especially when she could easily have been one of them, if the police had not intervened and saved her from such fate. I remember clearly the events of that June night. It was just like every other day in the bustling city of Karachi. I’d woken up to the sound of noisy car horns and rickshaws , below my balcony, stuck in the never ending traffic of the city and the loud shopkeepers calling out to passer bys to entertain them into buying items at reasonable discounts. And then my mom had reminded me of the errands I had to make and the things I had to get done that day ,promptly getting me out of bed and out to work. I was pretty much done with everything by evening except for a bank visit that I had to make but I was so hungry that I stopped by a restaurant instead. It was dark by the time I’d finished eating so I hurried to be done with the errands and reach home. I had just gotten inside the bank when everything changed all at once. Five masked men all...
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...As human beings we do encounter such situations that test our morality and strong character, forcing us to choose either of the two paths which we feel to be more appropriate. In these immense situations we follow our mind, hoping to be on the right path. However the main question here is that how will we be sure about the ethical concerns. What may be wrong for one individual might be right for others. In these troubled situations I just follow the moral grounds set by the Almighty. Every person has an extremely unique history of encounters and situations which may have challenged what they held to be ethically and morally true. Well this is a story of 2012 when I was in tenth evaluation. My companions were planning to go for a motion picture as our finals were over. Anyhow the primary issue was I was out of cash. My pocket money was very nearly finished as I was heartily using it on my past excursions. My father completely declined me to give me cash. Conversing with my father made me realize that I need to do something myself, understanding this I woke up late in night, sneaked into my father's room, took out his wallet from the drawer and took out some cash. On coming back to my bed I felt extremely blameworthy, however thought it’s alright I simply took some cash. In the morning I woke up tensed and stressed speculation what is the proper thing to do. Well after that I tried to divert my mind from this concern and got primed for the motion picture. After some time my companion...
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...Unit 4 Assignment 1 1. Read the following article Agans, R., & Shaffer, L. (1994). The hindsight bias: The role of the availability heuristic and perceived risk. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 15(4), 439-449. “ This article can be located by using the Kaplan Online Library article search feature. Click here to access the Kaplan Library. You may also access the Kaplan Library by following these instructions: 1. Click the Academic Tools tab 2. Click Online Library. 3. Log in to your account 2. Read the narrative for Exercise 11-24 – found on page 437 in your textbook. After you have read the Article and Narrative, prepare a response to the following Requirements: Assume that you are a business consultant hired to advise Earth Baby, Inc. (EBI) on the proposed venture from Great Deal, Inc. (GDI). Your task is to analyze the proposal and make a recommendation to either accept or reject it. Your presentation must include critical thinking and analysis supported by evidence using independent references. Your analysis must also include any biases that might be relevant to the proposal. The article reading may provide special insight for this requirement. The analysis must be Word document, 2 to 3 pages long, not including the Title Page and Reference List. The analysis must be presented in proper APA, 6th Edition formatting, including a Title Page with properly formatted Running head. A “Conclusion” section is also required...
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...As human beings we do encounter such situations that test our morality and strong character, forcing us to choose either of the two paths which we feel to be more appropriate. In these immense situations we follow our mind, hoping to be on the right path. However the main question here is that how will we be sure about the ethical concerns. What may be wrong for one individual might be right for others. In these troubled situations I just follow the moral grounds set by the Almighty. Every person has an extremely unique history of encounters and situations which may have challenged what they held to be ethically and morally true. Well this is a story of 2012 when I was in tenth evaluation. My companions were planning to go for a motion picture as our finals were over. Anyhow the primary issue was I was out of cash. My pocket money was very nearly finished as I was heartily using it on my past excursions. My father completely declined me to give me cash. Conversing with my father made me realize that I need to do something myself, understanding this I woke up late in night, sneaked into my father's room, took out his wallet from the drawer and took out some cash. On coming back to my bed I felt extremely blameworthy, however thought it’s alright I simply took some cash. In the morning I woke up tensed and stressed speculation what is the proper thing to do. Well after that I tried to divert my mind from this concern and got primed for the motion picture. After some time my companion...
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...HINDSIGHT ESSAY Life was all about friends. My parents were of lesser importance to me. Friends were such an intergral part of my life that I could not imagine a single day without them. We did practically everything together. Travelled around Pakistan, hiked, camped and explored so much together. All spent every weekend at my place. Ate, slept, played in fact lived together. Life was good. Life was happy. The cloud of gloom could not wait any longer and it showered the rain of envy and spite. The people I loved so much turned out to be foes. All along I had been associating with people who were not genuine to me. Who had envy in their hearts. Who were fake. All my life was fake. Pretence. St.Patricks High School used to be a very happy place. The year 2013 goes down in the history of St.Patrick’s history as the saddest year ever. It witnessed many fights and destructions of relationships. My best friend, Ahmed Abdullah Siddiqui, became an enemy. Politics. Dirty politics. He got indulged in what one should abstain from ; destructive competition. Thirteen years of a beautiful friendship were squashed burnt ans trashed. It was heartbreaking. Just for a petty post he decided to give up such a divine bond. Whenever there is a fight there are always two sides or more. Sadly, not a single person from the people I called friends stood with me. All along I played a neutral, calm and composed role. Despite of the aggressive and offensive behavior of Abdullah I maintained my composure...
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...Some moments can change one’s life completely. It just takes a few minutes to alter to alter the way one thinks or behaves. Such an instant came in my life which taught me a lesson for life. During my schooldays, I used to be very irresponsible. My parents used to tell me to leave this attitude but I used to turn a deaf ear to all their advice. I didn’t pay attention to my studies. I didn’t study the whole year and just opened the books a week before my exams. My parents always asked me to take things seriously. However, since I used to pass every exam without studying much, I thought that it was a piece of cake. With the same reckless attitude I came to class matric. I was confident that I would pass this class with flying colors and little effort. Nevertheless this time it didn’t happen. My over-confidence didn’t pay off and I didn’t score well in my midterms. My result was a slap in my face. I felt dejected. I suddenly realized how my heedless attitude had led me to this stage. Then I made a resolution to myself to take my life seriously. I started studying on regular basis. I didn’t become a book-worm but I started paying attention to my studies. My parents were very happy to see that I had changed. At the end of the year, not only did I get highest marks in my school, but also achieved a position in BISE Hyderabad. This was certainly the best moment of my life. My parents were over-whelmed with joy. I am not irresponsible anymore...
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...THE BLESSING OF PARENTS I remember the time when I used to be young and naïve. I took everything in life for granted, particularly the immeasurable blessing of having parents. During the entire time that I was with my parents, I used to be ignorant and resentful. My parents raised me, they nourished me, they educated me, and they tended to each and every one of my wishes. Yet I took their love and care for granted. I could never see the value of what they were doing for me. My parents never let any of my needs go unfulfilled. Still, I always demanded more and more of them. My father worked his shoes off to be able to provide for me while my mother sacrificed everything from her time to her energy for raising me. She taught me, cleaned after me, cared for me, and helped me strive for success in life. But alas, I was young, I was naïve. I never recognized what they would do for me. Whenever they could not fulfill my wishes on time, I would feel discontent with life. Whenever they could not tend to any one of my silly needs, I would be angry and upset with them. Whenever they forbid me from doing something, I would argue with them, not realizing that it was for my own good that they always forbade me. Today, I sit here in my house, my own house, thinking of how stupid and child-like I used to be. Through the efforts of my parents, I’ve become what you would say a ‘success’ in life. I have a stable job, my own family, my own car, my own house; but is this everything that matters...
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...Moments are known to change one’s life completely. Something beautiful or drastic could happen just in a minutes’ time and could alter the way one thinks or behaves altogether. Such was the case with me, when an incident on the 30th of October, 2012, changed the way I drove. It was my birthday. The day had been going well except the few delays before the party at Boat Club. I was anxiously waiting for nightfall since quite a few of my old friends were turning up this time: most of them were studying abroad and it had been a while since I had met them. The celebrations were under way by half past nine and a couple of hours later, the guests had started to leave. By the time everyone had left, it was a quarter to twelve and my best friend was the only one left since I had to drop him home on my way back. It was late and my parents had started calling my phone so we rushed out and into my car. The roads were quiet and empty since it was past midnight on a weekday. I was driving over the speed limit. I distinctly remember my friend telling me to slow down, and, using the phrase “better late than never”. I turned towards him, looking at his face over the rim of my glasses, and said “don’t worry, you know how I drive. I’ve got this!” I had been driving for a few years so I was confident about myself but what soon followed shattered all my confidence and courage since after that night. The car was going at a 100 km/hr and just when I crossed Pizza Hut at the Mai Kolachi – Boat...
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...Hindsight bias is an individual overestimating their ability to have had predicted the outcome in a situation after said situation has occurred. When hindsight bias was introduced in class, my ears immediately perked up. My uncle is a criminal defense attorney and has spoken (complained) about hindsight bias in jurors many times. Jurors are acquainted with, typically, a bad outcome before they even hear any of the evidence. Case in point, a man is on trial for murdering his wife. Jurors already know the outcome of that situation – the wife has been murdered – without hearing any evidence. Already their hindsight bias was leading them before they have heard the evidence, to ask subconsciously, who did the wrong thing and why, rather than will...
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...Final ‘Hindsight’ essay checklist Criteria | | Marking scheme | Central Idea | The central idea is clear and sharply focused on one issue explained through an event/experience or a series of events/experiences of Sarah’s, the protagonist of the short story “A Sudden Trip Home in the Spring.” | 1 | Content | Your essay contains a series of well-crafted memories of an event/experience or a series of interrelated events/experiences (surrounding a relationship) which describes Sarah’s significant feelings, before, during and after the event/s; remember that you are not re-telling her story, but are reflecting on memories of her feelings, expressing them, reflecting (her thoughts and opinions) on them, and considering them with the ability of hindsight (looking back). Reflections (how it had made her who she was and how a turning point brought about a change in her) are also well-explained. | 2 | Organization | The organizational strategy demonstrates evidence of planning and a logical progression of ideas. The essay presents interesting introduction, effective conclusion and thoughtful transitions that convey a sense of wholeness. Content is sequenced effectively and organised in ways which assist impact. | 2 | Word choice | Word choice is precise, effective, and includes some vivid words and phrases as appropriate to the task. | 1 | Sentence fluency, grammar and mechanics | Sentences are fluent and vary in length, structure, and beginnings; they express thoughts and feelings...
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...Use the historical interpretation (sources written in hindsight) and your own knowledge. How stable and how strong was the Russian regime on the eve of world war? The stability and strength of the Russian regime (autocratic rule of Tsar Nicholas II ) had remained untouched for several centuries, in a sense that it did not alter or fault through the hardships amongst the peoples of Russia/Empire as a whole as a means of the 'sole,righteous' system of autocracy. It was successful in terms of maintaining Tsardom/Romanov dynasty since the early 17th century; surely a revolution would have occurred before the 20th century as most of Europe and America had experienced a mass cultural movement of emerging liberal ideas and reasoning, known as the 'Age of Reason' or 'The Enlightenment'. However this was not the case as the Russian regime under the Tsar had collapsed towards the end of the first World War when he was forced to abdicate from the throne; some would argue that it was inevitable due to the unpopular attitudes towards the social and economic conditions which left the majority of the population in severe poverty. Others may disagree with this inevitability due to such events that could not directly blame the Tsar such as 'Bloody Sunday' in 1905, the state that Russia had been left in by, Alexander III and most notably the role of Prime Minister, Pyotr Stolypin. The focus of analysis will be to explore key leaders/figures and events, and to create a judgement to which degree...
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...consequence of creeping determinism, Fischhoff argued, could be seen when hindsight judges were asked to estimate the probability of an event while ignoring outcome data; that is, when they were asked to retrieve their foresight state-of-mind. Most research, including Fischhoffs, has indicated that hindsight judges cannot accurately recall foresight knowledge. A study by Hasher, Attig, and Alba (1981), however, demonstrated that initial foresight knowledge was not erased from memory, it was simply more difficult to retrieve. Given that foresight knowledge seems to be more difficult to retrieve once outcome knowledge has been provided and that, in many cases, foresight knowledge may actually conflict with hindsight knowledge, one method suggested by Fischhoff (1975) to assimilate outcome data makes use of heuristics as proposed by Tversky and Kahneman (1973, 1974). Of particular relevance to our study, Fischhoff argued: THE HINDSIGHT BIAS 441 A second heuristic leads judges to evaluate an outcome's likelihood by the relative "availability" of scenarios leading to its occurrence and nonoccurrence. The judge who knows what happened, and has adjusted his perceptions in the light of that knowledge, may well find it difficult to imagine how things could have turned out otherwise. (1975, p. 298) Our purpose was to investigate the role of the availability heuristic with regard to outcome knowledge. If hindsight knowledge facilitates the use of heuristics because it inhibits...
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...Bias Indiana Wesleyan University School of Business and Leadership MGMT- 515: Business Communication Dr. Jeff Boyce Cognitive Bias The cognitive bias that affects my critical decision making processes is the Hindsight and Curse of Knowledge bias. I predict outcomes without acknowledging the correct outcome. I often use this bias when I watch sports. I am an avid fan of basketball, and I typically like to predict the outcome of games and even the entire season. Cognitive bias is processing or obtaining information and filtering it through my own personal preferences. This bias is an individual’s personal preference or worldview, rather than concrete facts. Being aware of this bias will affect how decisions are made critical logical thinking should be used. I will not make decisions based on information I have previously gained but use resources to make a definitive decision. Facts should be considered for the best possible outcome. (Roth 2011) Hindsight bias stems from a widely acknowledged human tendency to view a known outcome as having been more foreseeable than it actually was prior to its concurrence. It can make misfortune look like incompetence, folly, or worse. Curse of Knowledge bias limits a person’s ability to imagine what it would be like not to know an already-known fact. It can lead to overreliance on the mere existence of a fact, as opposed to evidence that might be needed to prove the fact to others. Real World Cognitive biases can have negative effects...
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