...Historical Transitioning and Growth of the U.S. Health Care Systems Strayer University Historical Transitioning and Growth of the U.S. Health Care Systems Abstract I found four articles that talked about the milestones in healthcare, financial and technical structure, changing demographics and the baby boom generation. Some of the authors include James Kirkman, Emily Snell, Rick Ratliff, S. Smith and the European Commission Decision. As time moves forward, health care continues to change and evolve in order to keep up with the growing population. If we did not constantly analyze each health care system to see where we need improvements, we would not be able to successfully fulfill our patient’s needs. First we must examine the key milestones involved in the past and present shaping and transitional dynamics behind changes in the present health care industry. Ratliff et al. (2012) stated that “Where central governments have traditionally implemented whole-system change, we also can see similar attempts to connect healthcare providers as part of a single system. A national culture and the relationship between government and its citizens are also influencing factors. Accenture’s previous research into citizen perspectives on healthcare quality has shown that the balance of trust, confidence and communication between citizens and government can vary tremendously across nations”. By having this type of arrangement and effective communication, when it is time to move to something...
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...Health care and everything that it surrounds is continuously changing on a daily basis. There are many milestones that helped shape the health care industry. Some of these milestones of past and present are the substantial growth of uninsured Americans, the rising cost of health insurance and premiums, and The Health Care Reform Act. The financial aspect and technology has also changed healthcare. More money is being spent on technology which allows better treatment for patients. Advanced technology has led to better health care quality and the reduction of medical errors. There are social dynamics that also helped shape healthcare. The changes in demographic across the country play a major role in the type of health care that is needed and available for a specific group of people depending on where they stay and their income. Some of the major fluctuating and daunting challenges in health care management are operating cost, government mandate and regulation, and the new system put in place to comply with the ICD-10 diagnosis code system. All of these things play a major role in health care and the changes that are happening everyday. The amount of people who are uninsured in the United States is substantial. Most people who do not have insurance are low income working families. In most instances, the adults are the ones who are not insured but the children are. The reason for the rise of uninsured Americans is the high price of health insurance and the loss of jobs...
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...Social Justice: America v Canada Concepcion Cruz Argosy University Abstract This paper will define social justice as defined in America, as well as it is defined by our northerly neighbors, in Canada. The author will analyze the ideologies of both countries, with regard to social justice, identifying similarities and illustrating differences by examining historical values, economic structure, and issues of discrimination that factor into the application of social justice and/or social injustice in each country. Using reasoning skills, the author will support statements or arguments about social justice as it pertains to both the U.S. and Canada. America America is a country of conflicting ideologies. Conservatism is an ideology which places a high premium on progress as a slow, gradual process. Conservatives, or in political terms, the Right, view most forms of change as an invitation to chaos. They prefer smaller government and less regulation (www.diffen.com). This constituency is likely to be privileged in society, and usually as a result of aristocracy that has been inherited, or passed down from previous generations. When things change too quickly, this privilege, in the eyes of its possessors, is at risk- hence the fear of change a conservative may have. The other ideology that is gaining traction in recent generations, in America, is liberalism. Liberalism is a belief in equal opportunity for all, within a defined set of laws governed by law. Liberal minded...
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...Accountable Care Organization is a healthcare organization characterized by a payment and care delivery mode. lt seeks to tie provider reimbursements to a quality metrics and reductions in the total cost of care for an assigned population of patients. A group of coordinated health care providers form an ACO, which then provides care to a group of patients. The ACO may use a range of payment methods, (e.g. capitation, fee-or-service with an asymmetric or symmetric shared savings). The ACO is accountable to the patients and the 3rd party payer for quality, appropriateness, and efficiency of the health care provided. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), an ACO is considered an organization of health care providers that agree to be accountable for the quality, cost, and overall care of Medicare beneficiaries who are enrolled in the traditional fee-for-service program. This paper identifies the differences between HMO’s and ACO’s but also correlates the similarities between ACO’s and Patient Center Medical Home (PCMH). The ACO’s place a degree of financial responsibility on the providers in hopes of improving care management and limiting unnecessary expenditures while continuing to provide patients freedom to select their medical services. The success and challenges of ACO are identified and explored. By increasing care coordination, ACO’s can help reduce unnecessary medical care and improve health outcomes, leading to a decrease in utilization of acute care services...
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...improving Quality and Value in the U.S. Health Care System August 2009 Preamble The Bipartisan Policy Center (BPC) is a public policy advocacy organization founded by former U.S. Senate Majority Leaders Howard Baker, Tom Daschle, Bob Dole, and George Mitchell. Its mission is to develop and promote solutions that can attract the public support and political momentum to achieve real progress. The BPC acts as an incubator for policy efforts that engage top political figures, advocates, academics, and business leaders in the art of principled compromise. This report is part of a series commissioned by the BPC to advance the substantive work of the Leaders’ Project on the State of American Health Care. It is intended to explore policy trade-offs and analyze the major decisions involved in improving health care delivery, and discuss them in the broader context of health reform. It does not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of Senators Baker, Daschle, and Dole or the BPC’s Board of Directors. The Leaders’ Project was launched in March 2008. Co-Directed by Mark B. McClellan and Chris Jennings, its mission is (1) to create a bipartisan plan for health reform that can be used to transform the U.S. health care system, and (2) to demonstrate that health reform is an achievable political reality. Over the course of the project, Senators Baker, Daschle, and Dole hosted public policy forums across the country, and orchestrated a targeted outreach campaign to...
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...CONTROLLING HEALTH CARE COSTS WHILE PROMOTING THE BEST POSSIBLE HEALTH OUTCOMES American College of Physicians A White Paper 2009 Controlling Health Care Costs While Promoting the Best Possible Health Outcomes Summary of Position Paper Approved by the ACP Board of Regents, September 2009 What are the Major Drivers of Health Care Costs? Major drivers of health care costs include: inappropriate utilization especially of advanced medical technology, lack of patient involvement in decision-making, payment system distortions that encourage over-use, high prices for health care services, a health care workforce that is not aligned with national needs, excessive administrative costs, medical liability and defensive medicine, more Americans with declining health status and chronic disease, and demographic changes including an increase in elderly persons. This paper addresses each of these drivers of health care costs and provides recommendations for controlling them. Why Do We Need to Control Health Care Costs? Improvements in health care have the ability to provide opportunities for all people to live better, healthier lives. However, the rate of increase in U.S. spending on health care continues to exceed economic growth at an unsustainable pace. The rate of growth in health care spending is the single most important factor undermining the nation’s long-term fiscal condition. Why Should Controlling Health Care Costs be Linked to Promoting Good Health Outcomes? Increasing pressure...
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...Site and Area Review Proposed Hotel on Brickell Bay Drive, Miami, FL Site and Area Review Site Considerations Introduction The site is located on an undeveloped parcel of land on high-end Brickell Bay Drive, just south of SE 12th Street, on the east side by the bay. The available land is divided into two parcels. The hotel will be on the Southern portion of the side. There is no existing structure on the land, just a patch of grass, and it is fenced and closed off. There are hotels on both sides of the property and all along the same street. So it is assumed the area is well set up to provide the appropriate utilities services. The new hotel is planned for opening on January 1, 2015. Plans for the hotel include: 400 guest rooms 20,000 square feet of meeting and banquet space, Two restaurants: one a Bistro type restaurant (casual or linen table service depending on the meal period) to open from 6 AM to midnight (100 seats); and a fine dining restaurant with 80 seats. A bar/lounge with entertainment A pool and outside patio area. Two 1000 sq. ft. gift shoppes inside the hotel 2 – 1000 sq. ft. gift shoppes inside the hotel The developer is planning to develop the hotel as an independent hotel, not as a brand. 1 Thunderbird Consulting Group Site and Area Review Proposed Hotel on Brickell Bay Drive, Miami, FL The Brickell area has long been the financial center of the City of Miami. Located just south of Downtown Miami, Brickell Avenue, from which...
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...macro-environment by means of new inventions and development, materials development, innovative manufacturing, distribution and logistics. This also includes changes in the way that information is sent and received. This can be closely related to the environmental impacts that happen within an economy, such as depleting natural resources (Sieminski). The variations of different countries economic performance and within their regions are considerable (Bodie). What happens in other countries’ economies will influence the U.S. economy and its markets in either a negative or positive way depending on the economic circumstance. What is originally forecasted for the macroeconomic expectations through various analyses may not be the overall outcome. The global economy as a whole can be a very critical factor of industry performance, and if an economy is not expanding it can be difficult for a business to be successful (Bodie). Influences that are capable of impacting an economy are growth rates, unemployment rate, interest rates, exchange rates,...
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...The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12956.html Committee on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Initiative on the Future of Nursing, at the Institute of Medicine PREPUBLICATION COPY: UNCORRECTED PROOFS Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12956.html THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This study was supported by Contract No. 65815 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project. International Standard Book Number 0-309-XXXXX-X (Book) International Standard Book Number 0-309- XXXXX -X (PDF) Library of Congress Control Number: 00 XXXXXX Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies...
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...confront the domestic automotive industry in the current economic environment. In this submission, we first provide an overview of the current business environment, then discuss our Plan for viability, and conclude by answering the specific questions posed in the correspondence received from Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid. We all have a shared interest in protecting American jobs, a vital American industry and American innovation. As the Committee knows so well, the ongoing economic and credit crisis has affected many Americans – from losing their jobs to losing their homes. The recession also has had very negative ramifications for the U.S. auto industry, which supports five million jobs in all 50 states and spends $12 billion annually on research and development in the U.S. – more than any other industry. We fully appreciate that the industry needs to transform itself to better compete by developing safer, greener and even better quality vehicles. We recognize Congress’ important role as guardian of the American taxpayers, and we hope in our submission that we address your valid concerns about our potential for future viability and restore your confidence in our commitment to bring change and accountability. As a company and as an industry, we readily admit that we have made our share of mistakes and miscalculations in the past. We would ask Congress to recognize, however, that Ford did not wait until the current crisis to begin our restructuring...
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...confront the domestic automotive industry in the current economic environment. In this submission, we first provide an overview of the current business environment, then discuss our Plan for viability, and conclude by answering the specific questions posed in the correspondence received from Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid. We all have a shared interest in protecting American jobs, a vital American industry and American innovation. As the Committee knows so well, the ongoing economic and credit crisis has affected many Americans – from losing their jobs to losing their homes. The recession also has had very negative ramifications for the U.S. auto industry, which supports five million jobs in all 50 states and spends $12 billion annually on research and development in the U.S. – more than any other industry. We fully appreciate that the industry needs to transform itself to better compete by developing safer, greener and even better quality vehicles. We recognize Congress’ important role as guardian of the American taxpayers, and we hope in our submission that we address your valid concerns about our potential for future viability and restore your confidence in our commitment to bring change and accountability. As a company and as an industry, we readily admit that we have made our share of mistakes and miscalculations in the past. We would ask Congress to recognize, however, that Ford did not wait until the current crisis to begin our restructuring...
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...Colgate: Global Strategies, Local Strength 2010 Annual Report Colgate: Global Strategies, Local Strength Succeeding With Consumers, The Profession And Our Customers u Innovating Everywhere u Effectiveness And Efficiency In Everything u Strengthening Leadership Worldwide u Colgate-Palmolive Company is a $15.6 billion global company serving people in more than 200 countries and territories with consumer products that make lives healthier and more enjoyable. The Company focuses on strong global brands in its core businesses – Oral Care, Personal Care, Home Care and Pet Nutrition. Colgate follows a tightly defined strategy to grow market shares for key products, such as toothpaste, toothbrushes, bar and liquid soaps, deodorants/antiperspirants, dishwashing detergents, household cleaners, fabric conditioners and specialty pet food. Cover: Photo taken in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China Contents: Financial Highlights Dear Colgate Shareholder Succeeding With Consumers Succeeding With The Profession Succeeding With Our Customers Innovating Everywhere Effectiveness And Efficiency In Everything 18 Strengthening Leadership Worldwide 2 4 8 10 12 14 16 20 Colgate’s Corporate Governance Commitment 21 Your Board Of Directors 22 Your Management Team 23 Non-GAAP Reconciliation Of Financial Measures 24 Global Financial Review/Form 10-K IBC Shareholder Information t Mexico Financial Highlights 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Net Sales ($ millions) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 $12...
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...Colgate: Global Strategies, Local Strength 2010 Annual Report Colgate: Global Strategies, Local Strength Succeeding With Consumers, The Profession And Our Customers u Innovating Everywhere u Effectiveness And Efficiency In Everything u Strengthening Leadership Worldwide u Colgate-Palmolive Company is a $15.6 billion global company serving people in more than 200 countries and territories with consumer products that make lives healthier and more enjoyable. The Company focuses on strong global brands in its core businesses – Oral Care, Personal Care, Home Care and Pet Nutrition. Colgate follows a tightly defined strategy to grow market shares for key products, such as toothpaste, toothbrushes, bar and liquid soaps, deodorants/antiperspirants, dishwashing detergents, household cleaners, fabric conditioners and specialty pet food. Cover: Photo taken in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China Contents: Financial Highlights Dear Colgate Shareholder Succeeding With Consumers Succeeding With The Profession Succeeding With Our Customers Innovating Everywhere Effectiveness And Efficiency In Everything 18 Strengthening Leadership Worldwide 2 4 8 10 12 14 16 20 Colgate’s Corporate Governance Commitment 21 Your Board Of Directors 22 Your Management Team 23 Non-GAAP Reconciliation Of Financial Measures 24 Global Financial Review/Form 10-K IBC Shareholder Information t Mexico Financial Highlights 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Net Sales ($ millions) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 $12...
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... The company has several organizations and programs they contribute and donate to. The company meets its discretionary responsibilities by supporting same sex marriages, the growing peace-building movement, and supporting holding elected leaders more accountable to the people. They also support fair trade. This ensures small farmers in developing countries can compete and thrive in the global economy ("Ben & Jerry's", 2014). Ben & Jerry’s is also social responsible. They support mandatory genetically modified organisms (GMO) labeling legislation. GMOs are organisms that have been created using gene-splicing techniques, which allow DNA from one species to be injected into another species in a laboratory. Currently, people in the U.S. have no way of knowing which foods contain GMOs because companies aren’t required to disclose the information. Ben & Jerry’s is working on way to...
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...no longer produced. Subsequently, the Overview began to fill this role. This year to ensure compliance with Section 113, new chapters are added to include reports from each Military Department on their respective funding, military mission accomplishments, core functions, and force structure. Key initiatives incorporated in the FY 2014 Defense budget. Our budget is formulated based on aligning program priorities and resources based on the President’s strategic guidance. This year’s budget involves key themes to: achieve a deeper program alignment of our future force structure with resource availability; maintain a mission ready force; continue to emphasize efficiencies by being even better stewards of taxpayer dollars; and continue to take care of our people and their families. Implementing Defense Strategic Guidance. The FY 2014 budget request continues the force structure reductions made in the FY 2013 budget request. Following the President’s National Security Strategy and the January 2012 revisions to that strategy, the Budget continues to make informed choices to achieve a modern, ready, and balanced force to meet the full range of potential military requirements. The restructured force will be balanced by technological advancements to deter and defeat aggression, to maintain flexibility, to ensure surge...
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