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History 1607 to 1877
Question One
The royalist ideas led to strained relationships between the Spanish and Portuguese, and their respective American colonies as a result of rebellion, modernizing reforms and wars in Europe. Despite the liberalization of the trade monopoly, and the subsequent prosperity in most of these colonies, the local people did not benefit much. The Royalists insisted that all the money goes to them, mainly the Iberian monarchies, and the wealthy Spanish landowners. The Royalist ideas of anti-clerical regalism of the reformers from both Spain and Portugal had eroded the traditions of the Iberian Catholic monarchies, yet the ideas of Enlightenment and political alternatives to royal sovereignty could be found. The conservative anti-government outlook of the South was thus created as Latin America chose independence over living under monarchal rule. The same applied to the Scot-Irish people who always felt that they had left Ireland against their will, as they had no choice at all. They were mainly Protestant residents from Scotland, who had been settled on land seized from native Irish. They were also discriminated against by the Irish parliament because of their Presbyterian religion instead of following the Irish dominated Anglican Church.
The Puritans were a group of religious reformists who had the aim of “purifying” the Anglican Church. This started in the 16th century with John Calvin and began leaving England in 1608. They formed the larger group among the settlers, and were wealthy. By the 1640s, their population had grown to a whopping 10,000 and they spread out forming the present states of Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine and New Hampshire. They were not only wealthier than the other settlers, but they were also educated and more intelligent. They stressed on literacy with the main aim