...History of Community Health Nursing and Health Promotion/Risk Reduction Cumberland University History of Community Health Nursing and Health Promotion/Risk Reduction For this assignment, I have chosen two articles from the American Journal of Nursing written in October of 1900. Article 1 The first article obtained is titled Work for Nurses in Play-Schools written by Mary Boyle O’Reilly for the first edition of American Journal of Nursing (O'Reilly, 1900). The article discusses how district nurses were trying to impress upon patients in the area that prevention and sanitation were the keys to battling disease. The district nurses were finding that some people were not interested at all in changing the way in which they did things and that those that did show interest often fell back into old ways soon after the nurses giving instruction were gone. Around this same time, the newly formed Guild of Saint Elizabeth was formed and as part of their work of a social settlement, they created play-school which was where children could go during the months of July and August in an attempt to keep these children from the influences of the streets. The nursing corps associated with The Boston City Hospital decided to go to the play-school and instruct the children on basic nursing, sanitation, and disease prevention in hopes of instilling these principles in the children who had yet to have instilled in them the ways of their parents. This proved to be a very popular course at...
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...History of Community Nursing Matrix As long as people have existed, they needed to look after their health. As a result, the healthcare industry was born. Nurses were a vital part of that growing community. This paper will approach three different historical periods in the United States, discuss the nurse’s role in the community in regards to the major health issues of that period, how they partnered with the community to create new programs and finish with an intellectual discussion on how Jean Watson’s theory of Caring can be applied to the nurse’s role for each historical period. Period 1-- 1800s: In the early year of American settlement , female head of the family provided the care for sick in the family (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). In the early 1800s increased number of urban residents have changed the traditional caring system (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). After the American Revolution, increased urbanization and beginning industrialization contributed to epidemical diseases (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). In 1800, the first Marine Hospital was opened in Norfolk, Virginia (). In early 1800s, nursing care mainly focused on moral issues than illness intervention (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). “The public was interested in limiting disease among all classes of people for religious reasons as a form of charity” (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008, p. 27). The Ladies’s Benevolent Society of Charleston, South Carolina for the sick and poor provided charitable assistance...
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...Public Health Comparison Paper Public health has a varied and fascinating history. From the early colonial day’s onward people worked together to fight the battles against disease. The weapons in this battled ranged from primitive cures in early history to the advanced technology of today. Throughout history public and community health have intertwined for one common goal, the health of individuals in communities. Working at the federal, state, and local levels our governing authorities carry out the public health activities necessary to keep people healthy and safe. While local and state governments carried most of the responsibilities in the early days for public health the federal government’s role was growing. From the beginning of the Marine Hospital Service in 1798 to its expansion into the United States Public Health Service in 1918 the government role began to expand. The federal government greatly increased its health care activities throughout the 1920s and 1930s by creating programs that increased access to personal health services. In 1922 the passage of what was known as the Sheppard-Towner Act established the first grant-in-aid program for supporting the delivery of public health services. This act created the Federal Board of Maternal and Infant Hygiene and gave it the authority to administer funding to states for maternal and child health services The program became a widely replicated model for other federal health programs. These programs allowed the federal...
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...Comparison on Public Health and Community Health. Shelly Shew NUR/408 October 29, 2012 Kim Oatman Comparison on Public Health and Community Health Nursing. This paper will reflect the history of public health and significant events related to these agencies. The difference between public and community health will be acknowledged. Also information included on county, state, and national public health resources. There has been measurable growth and expansion over the years in regard to public health and its creation. Identification of Public health goes as far back as the 14th century. Towns and cities created a system known as quarantine to deter the bubonic plague (Black Death). Travelers and merchandise from places known to carry infections put in isolation. This procedure was in use until the 19th century to protect the public from the smallpox, syphilis, and cholera epidemics. Public health established services in 1798 as the Marine Hospital Service. This came about by early efforts of the federal government to provide health care to merchant seamen, protecting seaport cities from epidemics. In 1813 charitable services started by the Ladies Benevolent Society of Charleston, South Carolina, health care to the sick and poor. Another step toward the improvement of public health was the creation of the American Medical Association in 1847. Shortly after their existence this group formed a hygiene committee to conduct sanitary surveys and to develop a system to collect...
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...Dennis October 11, 2010 Introduction The demand for public health nursing and community health nursing is currently on the rise. However many people do not know how to utilize the abundant amount of information and knowledge available throughout this nursing specialty. There are some people that don’t know that it exists, or they are unaware of the services that PHN provides. This paper focuses on the history of public health nursing, local public health information, the differences between public health nursing and community health nursing. As a result, the author wants the reader to be able to differentiate between the two nursing specialties. Local public health information The Memphis/Shelby County Health Department is the ideal place to find public health information in Memphis, TN. It is there that one can find information on current health facts i.e., H1N1 (symptoms and side effects) west nile virus and other illnesses, public announcements, updates, recalls, general wellness checkups, health concerns and vaccinations (for children and adults). The Memphis/Shelby County Health Department is the best place to encounter the workings of the public health nurse. In addition to the above information, The Memphis/County Health Department can provide information on encountering disasters, readiness and preparations for those disasters (MSCHD, 2010). History of Public Health Public Health is not just a thing of the past. It is a very important part of our...
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...research information about the public health resources for Robeson county located in North Carolina, the state of North Carolina, and the national public health resources. It will describe the history of public health, including pertinent dates and significant events, and describe the differences between public and community health. County, State, and National public health resources The Robeson County Department of Public Health promotes the health and wellness of the residents of Robeson County by offering the following services; child health, animal control, dental health, environment health, health education, immunizations, preparedness and response, social work, women health, home health, and vital statics for the county ("Robeson County NC Health Department", n.d). The state of North Carolina public health resources are provided by the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, which has a Division of Public Health (DPH) sector that provides both direct and indirect services to the public and local health agencies that promotes the healthcare services provided to the public. The (DPH) works with local health departments and other community partners to promote education on disease prevention and promoting a healthy lifestyle. (DPH) offers the following services; Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Minority Health and Health Disparities, Oral Health, Women’s and Children’s Health, state laboratory for public health, Vital Records, and the epidemiology...
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...The History of Community Nursing Community Health Nursing, originally called "Public Health Nursing" from 1900-1970, combines nursing science with public health science to formulate a community-based and population-focused practice, according to Judith Allender and Barbara Spradley in "Community Health Nursing." The overall goal is to improve the health of communities and vulnerable populations. The name "Community Health Nursing" was adopted in 1970, although "Public Health Nursing" was not abandoned, to better describe the place where the nurse practices. Read more: The History of Community Nursing | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_6534870_history-community-nursing.html#ixzz2A1vES5oW 1. The Beginnings * According to Mary Nies and Melanie McEwen in "Community/Public Health Nursing," modern Community Health Nursing can trace its history to London, England and New York City. In 1854-1856, London health care institutions developed "District Nursing." This referred to the community being divided into districts, each served by a nurse and social worker. In 1893, Florence Nightingale developed the idea of "Home Nursing." This idea charged the District Nurse with being a health educator as well as a nurse to the sick at home. In 1877, in New York City, the Women's Board of New York City Mission sent Francis Root into the homes of the sick. Visiting Nurse Associations emerged in Buffalo in 1885 and in Boston and Philadelphia in 1886. However, in 1893 Lillian Ward established...
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...Running head: FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT April 09, 2011 FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT Family Health Assessment The family of my choice is the Jones family. Sarah Jones is 40years African American, born into the Jones family with both parent alive and grandparent alive. The Jones family are devoted Catholic, they believes strongly in their Christian faith. Sarah Jones family has history of diabetes, hypertension, constipation, alcoholism and long history of smoking. Sarah Jones has history of diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a long 2 history of smoking cigarette ,chronic back pain, insomnia,depression and she weighs 300lbs and height 4.5ft tall , has never being married and has no children. Sarah Jones lives with her parents and she is an unemployed student, Sarah’s parents are retired. Health perception and Health Management In regards to the data collect on Ms Jones , it is noted that she has a long family history of smoking . Sarah Jones also has history of smoking cigarette, Sarah Jones has history of congestive obstructive pulmonary disease, which will result in failure to nourish tissues(Gordon, 1987). Nutrition and Metabolic Ms Jones data collected indicated a history of being obese and diabetes and she is unemployed and lives with her parents who are retired , Sarah Jones has problem of insufficient fund which makes it difficult for her to purchase food that are recommended for diabetic client and also she is unable to make good selection of food...
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...How can culture and history impact on service delivery? As a staff working in a community services industry, sometimes we may find it is very difficult and frustrating to build an open and trusting relationships with people come from diverse backgrounds and vice versa. This is usually due to a lack of understanding about their cultural and historical backgrounds which might have a big impact on issues related to their social and emotional wellbeing and mental health. There are many cultural and historical factors that we (staff) need to acknowledge in order to work with CALD people as well as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. By having an insight understanding and knowledge of their history and its context, it is very helpful for us to identify the recent impacts they have on communities and how we can work with them. It is also undeniable that culture and history affects their present and future. Especially for the Aboriginal people, the history had given them many tough and bad experiences which may affect the way they perceive or interact with other people. What is cultural safety? According to William (1999), cultural safety is defined as :” An environment that is spiritually, socially and emotionally safe, as well as physically safe for people; where there is no assault challenge or denial of their identity, of who they are and what they need. It is about shared respect, shared meaning, shared knowledge and experience of learning together”. The “cultural...
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...Health Promotion Among Black or African American Population [Your Name] Grand Canyon University: Family-Centered Health Promotion(NRS-429V) January 10, 2016 Health Promotion Among Black or African American Population The Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2015) notes that “Starting in 1997, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requires federal agencies to use a minimum of five race categories: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander.” Each minority group differs in health status and disparities and health promotion. In this paper the writer will focus on a specific minority group, the Black or African Americans, and will compare the minority group’s current health status to the national average. Further the author will discuss which health disparities exist in this particular minority group and what health promotion means to them and then will discuss an a approach using the three levels of health promotion prevention that is the most effective given the unique needs of the minority group with an explanation of why it might be the most effective approach. The Black or African Americans make up 15.2% of the total United States population and consists of people of African American, Sub-Saharan African or Afro-Caribbean decent. It is the second largest minority population. The current health status of this minority group is continuing to get...
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...Public Health Layers NUR 408 April 23, 2012 Deborah Nallo Public Health Layers The focus of Public Health continues to shift with time because of various social, economic, and political forces. Exploring the public health layers of history in the Los Angeles County, State of California, and the United States, and a comparison between public and community health nursing is the beginning to increasing our knowledge toward resources available. The history of public health in the county of Los Angeles, California, was established in 1903 when the Board of Supervisors passed an ordinance for the provision of a county health department (Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, 2012). It became a freestanding department in 2006 when it separated from the Department of Health Services. They provide 39 programs, 14 public health centers, and four area health offices in the county of Los Angeles only. Types of services provided are grading restaurants and food markets, inspecting hospitals and nursing homes, monitoring ocean water and providing services through public health centers (Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, 2012). Public health nurses help with preparing residents of Los Angeles for emergencies, providing laboratory services to identify disease, and the collection and analysis of data on the health of the community. Los Angeles County Department of Public health updates the residents regarding the changes with the environment after the recent damage...
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...Comparison Paper What is history? Why do we need to study history? When I first started this assignment, I wondered why we needed to describe the history of public health and include pertinent dates and significant events. Being a good student, I did what I was told. While doing the research I realized that history is what shapes us. We not only learn from our successes, but our failures too. History has transformed us into what we are and why we do the things that we do. The History of Public Health According to the “Southeast Public Health Training Center” (2012), “Leviticus is believed to be the first written health code in the world” (para. 1). The book of Leviticus was written around 1500 B.C. and dealt with such issues as personal and community responsibilities, hygiene, sexual behavior, and protection against infectious diseases (“Southeast Public Health Training Center,” 2012). I found this very interesting since here we are thousands of years later still dealing with basically the same issues. The middle ages (500 to 1500 A.D.) marked a time when sickness was thought to be a consequence of sin. Bloodletting and alchemy were prevalent during this time. The biggest mistake of this era was their failure to believe that the environment could be the culprit, thus leading to epidemics such as the bubonic plague which resurfaced in Europe during 1348. Two-thirds of the population died within two years before scientists and religious figures discovered the...
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...Running head: ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS Assessment and Analysis of Cedar Rapids, Iowa Assessment and Analysis of Cedar Rapids, Iowa Nurses assess patients to evaluate their health status. Assessments help to discover health problems, areas that need improvement, and at risk health concerns. The data is then analyzed and used in planning and implementing effective nursing care. The health status of a community is evaluated by community health nurses. The community is defined with three critical components: people, place, and social interactions or common characteristics, interest, or goals (Maurer & Smith, 2009). To assess a community the nurse then needs to assess the people in a particular place along with their social interactions or common characteristics, interest, or goals (Maurer & Smith, 2009) which can also include: Geopolitical data, Phenomenological data, social interactions, goals, beliefs, and functional health assessment. In this paper we will example how a community health nurse would compile and collect the data needed to assess a specific community. Cedar Rapids, Iowa is a community that is without a doubt, unique. The people of Cedar Rapids are described to be “pushy”, often even aggressive. This personality could result from the election officials pushing people to pay attention to poll changes. The changes to local precincts came about because of the 2010 census and population shifts around Marion and Cedar Rapids. County...
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...Health history of a patient is an important tool in identifying health issues and devising efficient interventions to address them. Hence, health providers can use health history information to diagnose, treat and plan for the care of the patients (Ball et al., 2006). In that light, we will focus on the patient named BB for purposes of privacy and confidentiality. BB is a 70-year-old Caucasian female. The patient resides and recently just moved to Show Low, Arizona. She is married and operates her business with the help of her husband. The interview was conducted at her home in Show Low, Arizona. More importantly, the patient's consent was sought before this meeting and she was assured of the confidentiality of the information shared (Jarvis, 2016). Therefore, in continuing with the purpose of this paper - it is to complete a health assessment and history of BB. Health Assessment and History Demographic information The patient described within this documentation will be referred as BB for the purpose of privacy and confidentiality. BB is a 70-year-old Caucasian female. She was born in Long Island, New York and she currently resides in Show Low, Arizona. She has lived in Arizona for the last 30 years as stated, and is married and lives with her husband. Though retired from the 9 to 5 working world, she is self-employed, running her business with the help of her husband. Perception of health The patient appears contented with current life status and well-adjusted too...
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...History of Community Nursing Matrix Past Period 1: Historical Time Period: Colonial period in America was “characterized by human existence” described by Stanhope & Lancaster (2012, p23). Nursing Role in Community: Caring for the infirmed was undertaken by the female head of the house, which meant there was no formal training caring for sick members of the household. It was also the responsibility of the female head of the household to grow and gather herbs used for healing. Major Health Issues: Yellow fever, small pox, cholera, typhoid, typhus, TB, and malaria. Poor sanitation systems, and poor control over communicable disease that entered the country through seaports made it difficult to organize and support any public health effort that could curtail the spread of sickness (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). Partnerships Used: The colonist relied on British traditions to establish a system of caring for the sick. The Elizabeth Poor Laws “guaranteed medical care for the poor, blind, and lame. Each county or township was responsible to care for their residents” (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, p.24). As time evolved and the American Revolution was over, the public began to understand and support the need for government sponsored boards of health and they were established. The sponsored boards collected vital statisitics, sanitation improvements, and control of communicable diseases (Stanhope &Lancaster, 2012). During the colonial period, it seemed as...
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