...THE HISTORY OF POLICING The word Police is derived from the Greek word “Polis”, meaning that part of non-ecclesiastical administration having to do with the safety, health and order of the state. The Greek politeria, meant the art of governing and regulating the welfare, security needs and order of the city-state in the interest of the public. Although Police is derived from the Greek, it was the Romans who perfected the system. The Roman politia meant the same thing as the Greek Politeira. It was a symbol of power residing in central Authority. During the duration of the Roman Empire, Police in Rome was organized from the ranks. There was the Roman Prefect which had under his control fourteen Magistrates, each responsible for a district and assisted by vigiles who patrolled the streets, lictores who were law enforcement officers and stationaii who were residents of the city blocks. In Britain, Policing developed as a local affair with a role which has remained till now. That it is the responsibility of every person to maintain law and order. This role is rooted in history and common law tradition of Britain that each citizen had a duty to suppress crime and disorder within his area. Failure to do so entailed the payment of fines. The burden of policing was placed on every adult citizen. It was an avocational obligatory policing, manifesting itself in the forms of tythingman of the Saxon Police, the frankpledge in the South and East of England after the Norman conquest...
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...Police History LaShawn Green CJA/214 November 12, 2012 Luis Martinez Sir Robert Peel created the London Metropolitan Police District in the year of 1829. He was a strong believer that the prevention of crime could be accomplished without intruding into the lives of other citizens. He also wanted to prove that it was possible to reform a variety of criminals and not just punish them. By creating the development of the London Metropolitan Police District, Sir Robert Peel came up with nine principles that are very relevant today’s society just as they were back in the 1800’s. According to "From The 'Lectric Law Library's Stacks Community Policing: Learning The Lessons Of History" (2012), these principles include the use of crime rates to determine the effectiveness of the police, the importance of a centrally located, publicly accessible police headquarters, and the value of proper recruitment, selection, and training. American police developed similarities to the London Metropolitan Police District. Majority of the U.S. cites established municipal police departments that came together as uniformed officers in paramilitary-style organizations serving the interests of the politically powerful. The American police officers carried around guns and operated under the command of local precinct captains politically appointed. As the turn of the century approached, the progress of the police movement began to promote professionalism in the law enforcement world. “While the...
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...training involved or pay for any services provided. During the 1840’s The Metropolitan America, focused on crime prevention verses post-crime detection and punishment. At that time officers were starting to get paid for their duties and 24 -hour services were provided. The Frontier America Businessmen hired private security in efforts of reducing violence, theft and protecting their personal property. Bounty hunters, Vigilantes, self -proclaimed posses served as informal law enforcement in territories and Indian land (“Cji Interactive”,n.d.). In the 1920’s Professionalism, policing focused more on law enforcement and crime control. While the social service elements were reduced and the political connections were rejected. Civil service systems were eliminated and police work became standardized, with specialized areas like juvenile and drug units (“Cji Interactive”,n.d.). There are many different types of policing organizations in the United States and they all have different roles and functions at the state, local, and federal level. Federal...
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...It seems that every few years a new trend comes along that effects law enforcement. Several years ago it was racial profiling, before that it was Rodney King and police brutality. In the last two or three years there has been an alarming trend in assaults on police. It seems that we are losing officers at a faster rate than ever. People seem to have no respect for law enforcement nowadays. I don’t know if it is from the media making such a big deal out of corrupt officers, or just a general reaction to the economy. Whatever the reason, it is taking a toll on law enforcement. I know from experience that I hate reading that another officer has fallen. However, I read what happened so that I can try to avoid the same situation as much as possible. That brings on another problem with paranoia. It is possible to be too paranoid; it causes overreaction to situations that are unthreatening at face value, such as the officer drawing his weapon on a normal traffic stop where another officer probably wouldn’t. Is it bad to do? Yes and no. On one hand it is an overreaction and could cause a complaint, and could be totally inappropriate to the situation. On the other hand we are taught from day one in the academy that anyone at any time could try to harm us. So now the officer goes around thinking that he may die at any moment. It is good to have your guard up, but not to the point that you mistreat the public. I think in the near future, the word of a police officer without any physical...
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...NORTHERN CARIBBEAN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF HUMANITIES, BEHAVIOURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF BEHAVIOURAL & SOCIAL SCIENCES Write 2-3 pages outline the history and development of policing in Jamaica. In partial fulfillments of the requirements of the course CJUS115 Criminal Justice Instructor: Dr. Fay Williams By Sydoney Blackwood I.D # 15130115 Section A Date: 1st October, 2014 In 1671 a letter was written, sent and adhered to. This letter established change for Jamaica; a brighter and emancipated future. “We serve, we protect, we reassure with courtesy, integrity and proper respect for the rights of all,” a mission to uphold in this ‘change’. After Jamaica was captured by the English Colonists in 1655, law enforcement was conveyed. Seemingly during this period, the community recognized the need for an agency to maintain law and order. In 1716, night watchmen were appointed to serve various cities in Jamaica, after which in 1832 the first attempt was made in establishing a permanent police force. The Morant Bay Rebellion called for the strengthening of this force after their services were rendered. An improved force was established, the Jamaica Constabulary Force. This force had major responsibilities and so was a choice for individuals, as it was voluntarily that one may join the force. These responsibilities were and currently are based on the Jamaica panel code. Over a period of time in the Jamaican Constabulary...
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...The History of Policing and the New Advancements of Technology in Policing Columbia Southern University Scholars divide the history of U. S. policing into three eras, The Political Era, The Reform Era, and The Community Integration Era. From 1840 till about 1920 is called The Political Era, during this era the police came to be armed with two types of technology, the gun and the nightstick. Even though technology has changed through the centuries we still revert back to the gun and nightstick when called upon to use force. “Whatever technologies progress the police have made since the second half of the 19th Century, they still rely to a considerable extent on basic tools available 100 years ago to protect innocent life and themselves.” Some of the technology that came about in during this era is use of the telegraph and telephone installation of the police callbox, Bertillon system of criminal identification and the fingerprinting system. Historian’s call the 1920’s to the 1970’s The Reform Era. During this era “Reformers were out to get rid undesirable political influences and create what they deemed professional police departments.” Some people will say that this era helped emphasize discipline, equal enforcement of the law, and centralized decision making. During the Reform Era policing became more centralized and also the social distance between police and community also increased. Technology became more important with patrol cars and radios which helped to organize...
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...Introduction “Police history” predates the evolution of the “police” as a permanent occupational group within a bureaucratic institution, providing the primary state response to crime and disorder. That was primarily a development of the 19th century and a reaction to the rapid social change of the industrial revolution and rapid urbanization. Prior to 1800, governments maintained order by a variety of means, local and national. One of the key historical debates concerns the effectiveness of these approaches and the degree of continuity between the premodern and modern police models. Around 1800 a small number of distinctively different types of police institution emerged. The French, under Napoleon, instituted the Gendarmerie, a state military police model. It evolved from the “Marechaussee,” which had had a dual military and civil function since the 16th century. The model was exported across Europe by Napoleon. The British developed two models. The first, set up to answer similar challenges to the Gendarmerie in France, was the Royal Irish Constabulary model. It was close to the state military model, but distinctively styled as part of the civil power of the state and subordinated to the Magistracy. The Irish model was subsequently exported to Britain’s colonies and became the basis of forces such as the Indian Police Service. The Metropolitan Police was consciously created as a local force with a uniform that was deliberately different from the military and a mission that...
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...POLICE HISTORY PAPER 1 Police History Paper CJA/214 6/10/2013 POLICE HISTORY PAPER 2 History of Police Police a constituted of persons powered by the state enforcing the law, limit civil disorder, and protect property. Police forces are separate from military of the state, policing dealing with different situations giving protection of private property and maintain class system. Sheriffs, rangers, troopers, or even civil guards is the name for police with the word police coming from Greek (Wikipedia, 2013). Police are more in conflict with individuals many slang terms used for police officers centuries old with lost etymology. Different jurisdictions police officers have different firearms, but in Ireland, United Kingdom, New Zeal and, Norway and Malta specialist units do not carry firearms. Police have handcuffs to restrain their suspects and use their hand guns when needed the last resort to use. Police officers stay communicating with their radios carried on them in also inside their patrol vehicles. Some police vehicles unmarked for criminal without alerting them they are coming they can make a move without criminals noticing them. Motorcycles used in policing making it to locations that the vehicles cannot...
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...The United States has a very strong and lengthy history in regards to the policing system. This system of rules is required to maintain a sense of normalcy that can be viewed as being free from harm in the communities. Policing overtime has proven to be effective after years of improvements and changes. Policing can be dated as far back as 1066. During this time American law enforcement was inherited much of how Great Britain. The communities were based on their behaviors and moral other than their criminal problems. According to (Grant & Terry, 2012) Sir Robert Peel found a way to create London Metropolitan Police system. He created what was lacking in the discipline of England. His envisions help shape the policing of modern day (Walker-Katz, 2008). He made an impact on the practice of policing that will for be used for centuries to come. The first Europeans had to establish a way to protect themselves and with that they established policing. This responsibility was left up to the well and able bodied men and boys at that time (Sabath). During this time policing took on two forms informal and communal, which was called “The Big Stick” (Spitzer, 1979). The informal policing consisted of private citizens and English counterparts The community or communal policing also had a great effective on the method of policing during that time. A system referred to as the watch system was developed by community volunteers that would warn if danger occurred. Many different cities participated...
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...History of Police A system of rules is required to maintain a sense of normalcy that can be free from harm in communities. Policing today has proven to be effective after years of improvements and changes. Policing ensures everyone is looking out for each other. This paper will discuss; the history of policing, the relationship of government and policing organizations, and how that relationship may affect police practices. Sir Robert Peel was the home secretary in London. According to (Grant & Terry, 2012), Sir Robert Peel created the London Metropolitan Police an efficient system of law enforcement. Sir Robert Peel laid the foundation to the history of policing. In 1829, he created principles in policing that through time made the first modern police force effective and time- standing. His advancement in policing included chains of command, uniforms, and, rules of conduct (Grant & Terry, 2012). Sir Robert Peel has made an everlasting impact on policing and his format to policing is still in practicing existence. The government plays a major role in assisting policing organizations throughout the United States of America. There are various sectors in the government that aim to assist in keeping in accordance with the law. According to (Grant & Terry, 2012) U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) enforce U.S. laws while it investigates and gathers intelligence on national and international criminal activities that threaten the security of the homeland. ICE also investigates...
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...This paper will explain a brief history of the background of the police agencies and their jurisdiction concerning local, state, and federal law enforcement. Each falls under the jurisdiction of the Department of Homeland Security. This paper will also cover a brief overview of each department’s responsibilities in regards their primary purpose. The historical history of police agencies was organized in the Western world. During this time, colonists used the English style of policing. The large extent of American Policing was formed by the British Model. Except for the military intervention, law enforcement was not organized until close to year 1200. When an individual committed a crime and was indentified, an organized posse pursued him or her. The posse was led by a shire reeve (county leader) or by a mounted officer (Schmalleger, "Chapter 5: Policing: History and Structure," 2011). The words sheriff and constable originated from these early terms. Early policing relied on bailiffs or watchmen. Bailiffs were in charge of looking for suspicious activities. Bailiffs also handle any issues, which created both a night watch and day ward. In 1829 Sir Robert Peel created the first modern police agency in London called the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829. Sir Robert Peel created the London police force because he wanted to provide citizens with real policing. He believed that prevention of crime could be possible without intruding into the lives of the citizens. The Metropolitan...
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...Police History Paper Detric Lester CJA/214 April 28, 2013 Professor Shawn R. Kehoe, MPA Throughout the course of history, American policing has been influenced heavily by the English system. England and Colonial American citizens were both responsible for law enforcement in the early stages of development in their communities. The history of policing has changed progressively over the years. In the legal system law enforcement systems evolved over a period of time causing major differences in the titles, responsibilities and credentials of police officer. The historical development of police history time line began during the Early 1630’s when Colonial America early constables and sheriffs were concerned about the behaviors of the community-approved religious attendance and the appropriate restraint of farm animals, they served court papers for a fee. In the early 1840’s Metropolitan America in New York the first full time preventive force was established, with each district having its own authority. Each ward had a separate patrol and citizens were chosen by Aldermen to be officers. Frontier America territory became a state by the early 1840’s, then sheriffs and marshals were elected in the towns and counties. New entrepreneurs elected to reduce violent crime to keep their business thriving and their town’s reputation clean. By the early 1920’s police professionalism characteristic were policies focused on law enforcement and crime control, and social service elements...
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...Criminal Justice Practices: Past, Present, and Future Evaluation Paper In today’s society the world relies heavily on policing within their community’ citizens around the world want to feel safe, some as they walk the streets during the day and others while they sleep in their beds at night. Once upon a time citizens felt a great deal safer than they do today. People were not afraid to leave their homes and take strolls through the neighborhood at night, whenever they felt like walking to get some fresh air, thanks to the police. The policing throughout the city and in the neighborhood s made citizens feel safe, people were not afraid to leave their homes and sit outside on their front porches. However, as time began to change the world, policing changed as well. In this paper this author will evaluate the past, present and future trends in the interface between components of the criminal justice system and criminal justice connections with surrounding society which involves policing in the United States of America. Sometimes it’s better to let the things in the past, stay in the past but not when it comes to policing, back in the late 1800s and early 1900s police made people feel safe within their community. Police officers would walk the streets patrolling the neighborhood, standing on street corners talking to the neighbors in the community and actually getting to...
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...Modern Policing | ContenTrader CONTENTCART OUR MISSION WRITERS START HERE INFO FOR BUYERS TUTORIALS & TIPS TERMS & PRIVACY ContenTrader An Open Market for Freelance Writers to Display & Sell Written Content. SUBSCRIBE TO CONTENTRADER Search … Enter your email address to subscribe and receive notifications of New Content, Site News, and Specials. CATEGORIES Academic Topics Email Address Activism Addiction Subscribe to ContenTrader Adult Aerospace African American WRITERS WRITE, READERS BUY… African American CONTENTRADER Agriculture Amy Nourse Andy Foster Bart Welser Best Companies Bisexual Budgeting ACADEMIC TOPICS, C. J. OAKES, CRIMINAL JUSTICE, ETHICS & MORALITY, LAW, MODERN CIVILIZATION, PEOPLE, UNCATEGORIZED Celebrities HOW SIR ROBERT PEEL INFLUENCED MODERN POLICING Change NOVEMBER 6, 2015 CONTENTRADER 1 COMMENT Business & Finance C. J. Oakes Casual Sex Claire Jeffers Classic Literature Climate Change Collectibles Commercial Art Communication Community Conspiracy Theories Sir Robert Peel indisputably has wielded more influence on modern policing than anyone else. In fact, his influence has been so strong that he is often referred to as the father of policing. To what extent is this the case? PLEASE FOLLOW & LIKE US :) Translate » Constitution Constitutional Law ContenTrader Admin Corporations Corrections Courts Policing the population...
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