...of any aspect of human experience or "holon." By looking at our experiences through all four of these four perspectives, we both gain greater insight into their totality/nature, and avoid falling into the more common traps of believing that the perspective we are naturally drawn to is the "one right" perspective. In brief summary, each and every experience we have as human beings can be understood through 4 perspectives, consisting of a matrix of two binary choices: interior/exterior vs. individual/group. These four quadrants are a summary of a data search across various developmental and evolutionary fields. Wilber examined over two hundred developmental sequences recognized by various branches of human knowledge -- ranging from stellar physics to molecular biology, from anthropology to linguistics, from developmental psychology to ethical orientations, from cultural hermeneutics to contemplative endeavors -- taken from both Eastern and Western disciplines, and including premodern, modern, and postmodern sources. Each of the quadrants might more accurately be constructed as a branching tree, and not a simple straight line, indicating the rich variation within each grade and clade (each level and type). Each quadrant includes both hierarchies (or clear gradations) and heterarchies (or pluralistic and equivalent unfoldings within a given grade). The Left Hand is what the holon looks like from within. The Right Hand is what the same holon looks like from without. Interior and...
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...SOFT SYSTEMS METHODOLOGY Soft Systems - Modified December 2005 Bob Williams 1 bobwill@actrix.co.nz The Kellogg Foundation http://users.actrix.co.nz/bobwill SOFT SYSTEMS METHODOLOGY Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) was developed by Peter Checkland in the late 60’s at the University of Lancaster in the UK. Originally it was seen as a modelling tool, but in later years it has been seen increasingly as a learning and meaning development tool. Although it develops models, the models are not supposed to represent the “real world”, but by using systems rules and principles allow you to structure your thinking about the real world. The models are neither descriptive or normative, though they may carry elements of both. One of the interesting things about SSM is that it constrains your thinking in order for you to expand your thinking. Thus blowing away the idea that system thinking is always expansive. Like many other systems approaches the heart of SSM is a comparison between the world as it is, and some models of the world as it might be. Out of this comparison arise a better understanding of the world ("research"), and some ideas for improvement ("action"). In classic SSM the researchers begin with a real-world problem (or perhaps “situation” is a better word). They study the situation in a fairly unstructured way. Following this, they develop some models of that situation. The particular strength of SSM for evaluators is that it can be used to untangle the evaluative lessons...
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...Hey hi hello First use Hello, with that spelling, was used in publications as early as 1833. These include an 1833 American book called The Sketches and Eccentricities of Col. David Crockett, of West Tennessee,[2] which was reprinted that same year in The London Literary Gazette.[3] The word was extensively used in literature by the 1860s.[4] Etymology According to the Oxford English Dictionary, hello is an alteration of hallo, hollo,[5] which came from Old High German "halâ, holâ, emphatic imperative of halôn, holôn to fetch, used especially in hailing a ferryman."[6] It also connects the development of hello to the influence of an earlier form, holla, whose origin is in the French holà (roughly, 'whoa there!', from French là 'there').[7] As in addition to hello, halloo,[8] hallo, hollo, hullo and (rarely) hillo also exist as variants or related words, the word can be spelt using any of all five vowels.[citation needed] Telephone The use of hello as a telephone greeting has been credited to Thomas Edison; according to one source, he expressed his surprise with a misheard Hullo.[9] Alexander Graham Bell initially used Ahoy (as used on ships) as a telephone greeting.[10][11] However, in 1877, Edison wrote to T.B.A. David, the president of the Central District and Printing Telegraph Company of Pittsburgh: Friend David, I do not think we shall need a call bell as Hello! can be heard 10 to 20 feet away. What you think? Edison - P.S. first cost of sender & receiver to...
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...Expert System Robert Savageau CIS 501 ABSTRACT In the creation of an Expert System the knowledge base is in the center of it all. Understanding the process which is done through identifying, conceptualizing, formalizing, implementing, and testing followed by reiterating the stages thereby insuring knowledge acquisitioned is in its totality. There are many knowledge elicitation techniques and their success is in choosing the right method(s) used for the knowledge being acquired. The five general stages of knowledge acquisition will be discussed, as will a few knowledge elicitation methods. It is not the intent of this paper in giving a complete listing and discourse of elicitation methods, rather an introduction of knowledge acquisition design steps and methods of elicitation. Knowledge Acquisition is extracting the knowledge from any source and Knowledge Elicitation deals with attaining that knowledge specifically from people (Burge, 1998). There five general stages in knowledge acquisition giving knowledge engineers (KE) certain activities preparing the knowledge /deliverables from that stage to be used as input in the next (Marakas, p246). Hayes-Roth (1983) as referenced by Marakas (2003) and by De Kock (2003) views knowledge acquisition as consisting of five stages, having the output from one stage becoming the input for the next consecutive stage. The five stage model is a reiterative process of constant improvement and fine tuning to ensure the systems correctness...
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...ADAPTIVE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ARMS) FOR CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION Mihaela Ulieru and Paul Worthington Emergent Information Systems Laboratory The University of Calgary Ulieru@ucalgary.ca http://www.enel.ucalgary.ca/People/Ulieru/ Abstract The purpose of this work is to develop an adaptive risk management framework capable to prevent, identify and respond in critical time to threats. Our focus is on protecting critical infrastructure (e.g. public utilities) which vitally depends on network and information security. As solution we propose a holonic Cybersecurity system that unfolds into an emergency response management infrastructure capable to react in due time to unknown and new kinds of attacks/threats. The system can adapt to its changing environment through its self-organizing capability. Mimicking the way immunity works in biological organisms the system can dynamically adapt to embrace new risk situations and can dynamically create and learn new risk models as it encounters new risk situations. Keywords. Risk management, holonic, self-organization, multi-agent systems. 1. Rationale During the emergency response to the September 11, 2001 attack on the World Trade Centre, emergency response commanders on the scene were unable to communicate to ‘911’ Public Service Access Points (PSAP) that people should evacuate the building. As a result, PSAP operators complied with New York City’s standard operating procedure for hi-rise fires and advised...
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...Social Environment Paper April J Apodaca BSHS/325 June 20, 2016 Foundations of Human Development in the social Environment The bio-psycho-social development of humans is made up of three dimensions: biological, psychological and the social development. All three of these processes are essential for humans to develop. Biological, psychological and social development systems interact together as if in synchrony to create a person’s identity, behavior and personality. In human services, understanding the human development and how it affects an entity or an individual is significant. Even though two people are born to the same family, they will each have a different future. However, on the same note if a child that has parents who are addicts will be predisposed to an addiction even though this person is adopted to an outside family. It is critical to take all of these factors into consideration when viewing the person as a whole. Bio-Psycho-Social People’s genetics (biology), mental health and character (psychology) and social environment all contribute to the health or illness of a person. The biologic portion is contributed from the mother and the father of the individual, such as hormones, hereditary diseases, or infections. The psychological contributes self-control, negative and or positive thinking. The social would be, in the neighborhood a child is raised or the employment he or she has. All three of these together make up the entire entity of...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This research paper acknowledges different quality management tools. It is about the evolution of different quality tools and defining the best practice Strategic model in IT organization in relation to achieving quality within their business processes and integrating business processes to achieve strategic goals. Previous research and study indicates the various quality system tools in order to achieve quality management objectives in the competitive business environment. This research paper investigates and finds out the evolution of different quality system tools and significance of various quality tools and then designing best practice strategic model for future in Information Technology organization. The importance of this proposed research is that currently IT companies are experiencing increased global competition and parameters like complexities of the product, different markets, customer focus, high quality of product, decision making and integration among various business units in the global environment and the environment in which the firm operates are the issues of concern. Traditional quality tool in IT systems are not capable of coping with these demands and still stay competitive. Changes are needed in order to achieve sustainable results and maintaining fitness and overcome the problems of traditional tools. Today industrial companies need stable position socially and economically...
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...4 The Apple DOS HELLO program * 5 Perception of "Hello" in other nations * 6 See also * 7 References * 8 External links ------------------------------------------------- First use Hello, with that spelling, was used in publications as early as 1833. These include an 1833 American book called The Sketches and Eccentricities of Col. David Crockett, of West Tennessee,[2] which was reprinted that same year in The London Literary Gazette.[3] The word was extensively used in literature by the 1860s.[4] ------------------------------------------------- Etymology According to the Oxford English Dictionary, hello is an alteration of hallo, hollo,[5] which came from Old High German "halâ, holâ, emphatic imperative of halôn, holôn to fetch, used especially in hailing a ferryman."[6] It also connects the development of hello to the influence of an earlier form, holla, whose origin is in the French holà (roughly, 'whoa there!', from French là 'there').[7] As in addition to hello,halloo,[8] hallo, hollo, hullo and (rarely) hillo also exist as variants or related words, the word can be spelt using any of all five vowels.[citation needed] Telephone The use of hello as a telephone greeting has been credited to Thomas Edison; according to one source, he expressed his surprise with a misheard Hullo.[9] Alexander Graham Bell initially used Ahoy(as used on ships) as a telephone greeting.[10][11] However, in 1877, Edison wrote to T.B.A. David,...
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... | |6 See also | |7 References | |8 External links | First use Hello, with that spelling, was used in publications as early as 1833. These include an 1833 American book called The Sketches and Eccentricities of Col. David Crockett, of West Tennessee,[1] which was reprinted that same year in The London Literary Gazette.[2] The word was extensively used in literature by the 1860s.[citation needed] Etymology According to the Oxford English Dictionary, hello is an alteration of hallo, hollo,[3] which came from Old High German "halâ, holâ, emphatic imperative of halôn, holôn to fetch, used especially in hailing a ferryman."[4]...
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...Managerial Decision Making Lucinda Johnson Business Research for Decision Making MGT600 January 3, 2012 Kimetha Scarbrough M Ed Abstract The product needs to be well certain for several companies to be effective, the promotion obverse of the merchandise has to be moderately robust for which the four well-known P's that is pricing, product/service in the contribution, elevation and insertion. No business can ignore whether small or big the basic marketing functions to make the business a success. Individual or business owner must make sure that establishment of properties has to be additional determined on the source opinion that the exceeding said four P's motivation become uninterrupted source. In the contemporary world this modest reasons determination not effort and to improvement continued income, an obscure perfect of corporate examination has to be estimated. Managerial Decision Making To get feedback from the merchant and consumers on the product that is being sold. Analyzing the outside competitors by illustration deduction on SWOT analysis | Responsibility appropriate situation preparation approximation of the four sources which take steps ahead the exacting company and attractive the required major for the company to rise. Thoughtful the inside worth sequence organizations and approximation the openings in it so that incessant maintain purposes be capable of be make sure. Foundations on all these, many inferences are strained...
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...Organizational Structure Employee Benefits Medical The Zappos Family offers a preferred provider organization (PPO) medical plan, large provider network, and no money out-of-pocket for certain medical expenses! Some highlights of the plan are listed below: • No deductible for in-network utilization. • All eligible primary, routine, and preventative care covered at 100 percent. Dental Delta Dental PPO Our dental plan covers 2 free exams per year and 3 free cleanings. You will have a $2000 plan maximum per year to cover basic and major services. We also provide an adult orthodontia benefit. Vision Superior Vision We offer two types of vision plans: a base plan and a buy-up plan. The base vision plan provides you with everything you need to keep your eyes healthy! The buy-up plan is intended for eyeglass/contact lens lovers because it has an increased allowable for just a few dollars more per paycheck. Life Insurance Hartford The Zappos Family offers life insurance and accident insurance. For both plans, your benefit is 1x your annual salary. Fitness • On-site Fitness Center, open 24/7 with cardio equipment, weight machines and free weights. • Regular on-site wellness calendar featuring fitness classes, financial awareness classes, and nutritional/general health classes several times per month. • Endurance Event Reimbursement Program - 100 percent reimbursement of entry fee into eligible endurance events. • Company sponsored fitness challenges...
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...reactivas, retrospectivas y conservadoras de las ideologías liberales y socialistas. Cuando hablamos y discutimos el modelo ECOOPEM hemos hizo con el pensamiento orientado por uno proceso de doble acción, como sea; 1) Proceso Pedagógico Integral e Holístico (PPIH); y 2) Proceso Andragógico Integral y Holístico (PAIH). ¿Por qué la educación, o mejor, la Co-Educación, es un sistema compuesto por dos subsistemas? O, en otras palabras, ¿Por qué el Sistema Co-Educativo dividiese en dos subsistemas? En un primer momento, dividimos así porque el modelo ECOOPEM está orientado para el desarrollo y madurez de sistemas humanos, siguiendo un foco holístico que tiene como primero grande holón la Enseñanza dedicada a la estructura elementar y propedéutica de la formación educacional humana; y como segundo grande holón el Aprendizaje (que podemos señalar como elemento hermenéutico, interpretativo e epistemológico), como formalización de los saberes necesarios para tornar el...
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...Leadership by Virtue: Does Holacracy Need Leadership? Source: Posted on January 14, 2015 By Ted Bauer (thecontextofthings.com BA 7910 November 7, 2015 Howard Eaton Introduction: The main objective of Holacracy is to distribute leadership and decision-making throughout an organization so that fewer decisions get bottlenecked with the boss, which, results in faster decisions, improved creativity and innovation, and improved productivity. Holacracy has become more popular in the last decade as younger and more visionary C-suite leaders balk at conventional, top-down organizational structures to seek out new “open” ways of working that are fast, agile, and that succeed by pursuing their purpose, not following a dated implicit organizational plan. "The industrial age operating system is no longer compatible," said Traci Fenton, the founder and CEO of WorldBlu, which preaches the Freedom at Work method used by hundreds of companies worldwide, including Zappos before it adopted Holacracy. "You have to move into the new age to realize we've outgrown the clothes." (Greenfield – HolaWhat? 2015) When companies implement Holacracy, they learn to create new structures (circles) and ways of making decisions that empower the people who know the most about the type of work the organizations perform: the frontline (customer facing) workers. Some of the notable champions of Holacracy include Tony Hsieh, CEO of Zappos.com, Evan Williams, co-founder Medium, and David Allen...
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...55 Mongolia: The Water Situation in Ulaanbaatar Mongolia: The Water Situation in Ulaanbaatar Hiroshi Sato* I. Introduction To many, Mongolia is a country of steppes and desert. Geographically, the country can be divided into three main regions: north, central and south. These regions vary greatly in terms of terrain, climate and other natural elements. The west of northern Mongolia is a wooded region covered in Siberian taiga forest. Meanwhile, the central region is home to Mongolia’s vast, characteristic steppes, and southern Mongolia is full of desert steppes. In 1990, Mongolia abandoned socialism and its one-party rule as the People’s Revolutionary Party introduced a multiple party system with influence from the Soviet perestroika movement. Then in 1992, the constitution was amended and the nation of Mongolia was born. Through these reforms, Mongolia ushered in a new democracy and transitioned from a planned economy to a market economy. As the economy flourished following the transition, a number of issues came to the surface. Of the issues raised, environmental issues are a major one in Mongolia. Currently, the impacts of domestic economic stimulation and problems such as recent global warming on the environment can be seen everywhere. Mongolia’s environmental problems are wide-ranging; air pollution, waste management, water pollution, overcentralization in the capital, energy issues, water resources, and urban environmental issues are but a few of...
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...Geografie fizica generala, curs 4 (NOU) UNIVERSUL 1.TABLOUL GENERAL AL UNIVERSULUI 1.1. DEFINIŢII, LIMITE Universul sau Cosmosul constituie un spaţiu ale cărui limite sunt imperceptibile şi în care materia se află organizată în structuri şi forme care au stadii diferite de evoluţie extrem de variabile. De-a lungul timpului, dar mai ales în ultimele decenii, limitele spaţiului relativ cunoscut s-au îndepărtat tot mai mult, pe măsura perfecţionării instrumentelor de observaţie, de înregistrări şi a lărgirii câmpului informaţional. Astronomii folosesc frecvent pentru acest spaţiu temenul de Univers observabil sau Metagalaxia. El ar constitui o parte redusă a Universului, în care se află stele, galaxii ce sunt detectate prin recepţionarea radiaţiilor emise de ele. La nivelul cunoaşterii actuale, limitele Metagalaxiei s-ar afla de la 5 miliarde ani lumină (a.l.) limita optică, la 10 – 15 miliarde a.l. (limita undelor radio recepţionate). Dincolo de Universul observabil s-ar afla Universul fizic (îl înconjoară pe cel observabil), un spaţiu în care corpurile sau structurile cereşti nu pot fi urmărite direct, dar prezenţa lor este presupusă datorită unor influenţe pe care acestea le exercită asupra unor structuri din ariile observabile. 1.2. CARACTERISTICI ALE UNIVERSULUI - Universul este considerat transparent, caracteristică pe care a dobândit-o la c-ca un milion de ani de la Big – Bang. - Universul este omogen, întrucât la scara lui diversele componente apar ca distribuite...
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