...wrong with the child? The child may have Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder or ADHD. Within this paper the following questions will be answered, the definition of ADHD, the cause of ADHD, the symptoms of ADHD and if the symptoms differ in boys and girls, the different treatments for ADHD. Definition of ADHD If one has seen the children who cannot sit still, concentrate, or talks constantly and wonders if the child has ADHD then one needs to know the definition of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. According to Mayo Clinic (2009), the definition of "attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of children and often persists into adulthood. Problems associated with ADHD include inattention and hyperactive, impulsive behavior. Children with ADHD may struggle with low self-esteem, troubled relationships and poor performance in school" (Definition, para. 1). Within this clinics definition of ADHD there is an estimated three percent to five percent of children who are affected in the United States (Sharp & Odle, 2009). Causes of ADHD Parents of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder often wonder if they caused their child to developed ADHD. The causes of ADHD are not known. However, it appears that heredity plays a major part in the development of ADHD. Children with a parent or sibling with ADHD are more likely to develop the disorder. Before birth, children...
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...their ‘problems’ arise from the fact that they process emotional and intellectual information somewhat differently from ‘normal’ children (Wrights Law). Children with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may exhibit symptoms as early as the age of six or seven but sometimes even sooner. Children with ADD suffer in many ways if their condition is not diagnosed and is left untreated. They tend to be more inattentive, careless, unorganized and also impulsive. ADD has symptoms that affect concentration and a child’s ability to focus (Native Remedies). ADD can also cause mood swings and other social problems. Children with ADD should receive treatment in the form of counseling and the appropriate medication so the child can have a more ‘normal’ and happy childhood. Usually, ADD symptoms will appear over the course of many months rather than all at once. If the appearance of these symptoms is not managed correctly, it can lead to low self-esteem and other behavioral problems in the years to come. Deciding on what ADD/ADHD medication is best fit for the child can be difficult, but doing your homework helps. The first thing to understand is exactly what the medications for ADD and ADHD can and cannot do. ADD medication may help improve the child’s ability to concentrate, control impulses, plan ahead, and follow through with tasks. However, ADD medication is not a magic pill that will fix all of you or your child’s problems...
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...Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), is one of the most general childhood brain condition that can proceed throughout adolescence into adulthood. Indications of ADHD regards an individual experience of complexity involving focusing, attentive, determining, and hyperactivity (excessively active). These indication potentially establishes challenges for a child who is influence by ADHD, to succeed in school, a relationship with others, or duties within the home. Neuroimaging have disclosed the reason why youth experience attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. ADHD was determine through investigation that it is because an individual brain has develop within the normal standard, however, it has been detained at an intermediate level of 3 years. This detainment is most strongly distinctive within the area of the brain that regards reasoning, focusing, and conception. Previous investigation have that the extreme layer of an individual brain acknowledge as the cortex, indicates a detained process before becoming mature in general, and that the brain indicates an abnormal development pattern. These detainments and abnormalities potentially emphasize the characteristics indication of ADHD, and to be of assist to justified how condition is establish. Intervention can provide much relief for several indication of ADHD, but, a remedy for this disorder have yet to be established with an intervention plan. However, several individuals who are under the influence of ADHD succeed in school and...
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...the best decision to medicate children with ADHD. When a child begins suffering in school, having low self-esteem problems, and lashing out these are all actions to consider medicating your child for. ADHD can be characterized in children who are hyper active, inattentive, or even impulsive. Most children will show one or all the characteristics. What did you do today? My day consisted of taking a shower, brushed my teeth, made my lunch, got my daughter ready for daycare, went to college, did some grocery shopping, drove home, made dinner, washed dishes, and none of that was complicated for me. These are all task that I do on a regular basis. I was able to move from one task to another one without difficulty....
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...October 28, 2013 Argumentative Essay ADHD and Medicine for Children When you think of zombies what do you imagine? Do you imagine green, bloody, brain-eating monsters or small, skinny, sleep deprived children? In many cases this is what ADHD medicine turns many children into – zombie-like creatures. Stephanie’s daughter, Hannah, had always been a handful. Even as a preschooler, she would tear through the house like a tornado, shouting, roughhousing, and climbing on the furniture. Nothing seemed to have Hannah’s attention for very long. She would run away in the grocery store or in the mall. It was a full-time job parenting Hannah. Stephanie thought that her little girl was a normal child that got overly excited sometimes. Hannah’s second grade teacher began to notice how hard it was for her to calm Hannah down when she got too excited in class, so she talked to Stephanie about Hannah’s inattentiveness and disruptive behavior. “It was a struggle to get her to do simple tasks such as, homework, coloring, and brushing her teeth. She was so energetic and hyper all of the time. She couldn’t stay focused on anything for long. She would get annoyed and move on to the next thing that caught her attention,” Stephanie says. Her concerns lead her to Hannah’s pediatrician who recommended an evaluation for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. ADHD is a common behavioral disorder that affects an estimated eight to ten percent of school-age children. Boys are about three times...
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...Could the abuse of medicine prescribed to help treat Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) be compared with the use of illegal substances used to improve athletic performance, such as anabolic steroids? Some say no; however if the two situations are looked at more closely, both anabolic steroids and prescription stimulants are substances used to aid and assist in a particular activity or task. As the Center of Disease Control (CDC) states, anabolic steroids aid in the production and repair of muscle tissue at a quicker rate than our own body can actually perform (reference). On the other hand, prescription stimulants assist in helping the individual concentrate on the issue at hand, blocking out any distractions. Although the two are both a form of aid in the performance of an individual, prescription stimulants remain more accepted among our culture (Dodge, Williams, Marzell, & Turrisi, 2012). Taking anabolic steroids and prescription stimulants without being prescribed these medications are both ways of abusing a substance. More importantly, they are two examples of substance abuse that are also considered a form of cheating in both athletics and academics, correspondingly. Some think that using either one of these substances constitutes cheating, but somehow our culture does not view stimulants in an academic context as cheating. Perhaps it is the outcome of the two actions. Using substances to improve one’s athletic ability results in only one win. Thus if...
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...A curious attitude is to be expected from a boy with ADHD. I entertained him. Object by object, he investigated every nook and cranny of the apparatus, and every time, I would be ready for each inquiry with a response. His attitude had changed from quiet and introverted, to that childish curiosity and inquisitiveness befitting his age. By the time we had arrived at the facility, he did not seem like that same child I had found in that hospital bed. I did not want to leave him; I wanted to do more. But perhaps this is all I could do. There is no magical cure-it-all for any illness; for his affliction, time would be the only remedy. In the meantime, all I and others can do is to show him kindness. That is my role. On another instance, I had transported a 60-year-old woman from a nursing home to a nearby hospital for an appointment with a respiratory therapist. The first word I’d heard from the nurse was how grateful she was for us taking her off her hands as if we had heard of their agony and thought it incumbent upon ourselves to grant them a much-needed reprieve. The nurse complained, “She is not particularly friendly, and doesn’t like to talk much.” This proved...
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...In fact, in many cases, manufacturers take advantage of their customers, especially those with mental disorders. Nearly twenty percent of children who live in the United States have purchased drugs to improve their behavior (“ADHD The Epidemic of…”). Some of the children who purchase medication to make their mental state better may not actually need it, but as long as companies receive money, they are not concerned. Medication companies combined earn hundreds of billions of dollars per year. In the book Mind over Meds by Andrew Weil, he discussed that with $240 billion dollars being spent on unnecessary medications and health care every year, the money being spent could be saved or put to better use by consumers. If consumers resorted to alternative remedies rather than purchasing traditional over the counter drugs from untrustworthy companies, then they could live wealthier or help others in...
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...movements. Also discussed are the effects ADHD and ODD can have on teachers who are observing children involved in a scripted act, unknown to the teachers, and how the halo effect might cloud their review of the child being observed and graded on their behavior. Introduction The effects of what is called the “halo effect” and how it relates to grading of student projects and ratings of their disruptive disorders can have dramatic effects on the finding of research project and diagnosis’ of patients. Halo effect is properly defined as: The halo effect is the systematic bias that the rater introduces by carrying over a generalized impression of the subject from one rating to another. An instructor expects the student who does well on the first question of an examination to do well on the second. You conclude a report is good because you like its form, or you believe someone is intelligent because you agree with him or her. Halo is especially difficult to avoid when the property being studied is not clearly defined, is not easily observed, is not frequently discussed, involves reactions with others, or is a trait of high moral importance. (Cooper & Schindler, 2010, p. 298) This literary review discusses the halo effect in the education environment. Twelve articles have been reviewed and discussed on the subjects of 1) teachers rating students, 2) students rating teachers, 3) the perception of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD),...
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...The topic of my presentation is behavior, assessment of behavior and modification of behavior. Objective related to my presentation is how u judge abnormal behavior of students in your class, to judge the abnormal behavior u must have some information regarding assessment of behavior/ behavioral observation, then how you change the abnormal or overt behavior of children. Beside these the main objective is that whenever you call by the therapist, counselor or clinical psychologist for psychological consultation than how you help him to overcome symptoms of abnormalities or the disorder. First of all I am going to give you information related to the term behavior. Every one of you are very much familiar with the term behavior you use this word many time in your class Learning disabilities are neurologically-based processing problems. These processing problems can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing and/or math. They can also interfere with higher level skills such as organization, time planning, abstract reasoning, long or short term memory and attention. It is important to realize that learning disabilities can affect an individual’s life beyond academics and can impact relationships with family, friends and in the workplace. Learning disabilities should not be confused with learning problems which are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor handicaps; of mental retardation; of emotional disturbance; or of environmental, cultural or economic...
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...Television and Children In the last couple of years the growing concern over the effect of television on children has gripped the nation. Studies have shown that today’s shows on television have a negative effect on the social behavior on children, causing them, among other things, to be more hostile toward others, and interact less with others. While in the past, cartoons could have been an easy target by parents and other watchdogs on this issue, these days, other types of shows and programming have been culprits as well. The suggested solutions on how to remedy this stem from parents connecting with their children. As the saying goes, easy to say, but hard to do. In today’s busy world, parents often miss how big a presence television is in their children’s live. According to the University of Michigan Health System, “television viewing among kids is at an eight year high” (Boyse, 2010, para. 6). Children spend an average of 32 hours a week in front of the television, collectively from watching movies, playing videogames, or just watching shows on TV. As their parents get busier with work, children spend more time finding ways to entertain themselves, and the most obvious choice is the TV. Television executives are aware of this, of course, and today many shows are being geared toward babies and toddlers as opposed to past generations, making television the number one teacher in the early lives of these young ones. According to Jerry Odland (2004), “young children are spending...
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...The Effect of Modern Drugs on Today’s Youth Children and the Law Seminar It’s nearing finals time and students across campus are beginning to feel the anxiety with exams over the horizon. While many students hit the books to quash this feeling, others search for something more. Whispers soliciting a need for Adderall resonate throughout the halls. These students don’t have prescriptions for their drug of choice, but this doesn’t deter them. They know that the risk in purchasing and ingesting this “study buddy” is far outweighed by the extreme focus and potentially high exam scores it may bring. It’s not that these students are ignorant of the law; it is quite the contrary. These situations are now so commonplace that today’s youth perceives the law to be a technicality in their search to find a means to an end. This pervading attitude should come as no surprise to most adults. For as long as human history has been recorded, drugs have defined and reflected the attitudes of their era. In the 1920’s, alcohol was placed under prohibition and Americans were looking to every which way to circumvent this federal regulation. In the 1930’s, reefer madness swept the country and marijuana was criminalized. The 1960’s marked the era of a rising counter-culture fueled by the psychedelic drug LSD. Even the cocaine boom of the 1970’s and 1980’s define a period of American history marked by high crime rates and an evolving nightlife. Today’s society is no different. In many ways, people...
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...factors, including biological influences, family relationships, school environments, and cultural values impact how students conduct themselves. In an effort to reduce or eliminate the occurrences of problematic behaviors, educators, behavior management specialists, counselors, and administrators are turning to applied behavior analysis (ABA) and functional behavioral assessments to determine and address the various factors that contribute to disruptive behaviors. Biological Factors When assessing the root causes for emotional and behavioral disorders, biological determinants are often overlooked or disregarded (Johnson, 1989). However, recent research indicates that there are several biological factors related to the prevalence of ADHD and conduct disorders. Neurological deficits, chemical imbalances, and poor nutrition can have a direct impact on the choices that students make (Johnson, 1989). Environmental contexts can serve to either intensify or diminish the level of influence these factors have over behavior. Neurological Deficits Neurological deficits are often related to learning disabilities. When students become frustrated learning content, their frustrations may lead to disruptive behaviors. Some students may be predisposed to certain conditions, while other disorders may be a result of health impairments. Some neurological conditions cannot be treated, though teachers can implement interventions that...
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...for her birthday. She used it to shoot kids at an elementary school near her San Diego home, wounding nine and killing two. A reporter asked her later why she had done it. Her answer: "I don't like Mondays. This livens up the day." In 1993, two bodies were found on a country road in Ellis County, Texas. One was male, one female. The boy, 14, had been shot, but the 13-year-old girl had been stripped, raped, and dismembered. Her head and hands were missing. The killer turned out to be Jason Massey, who had decided he was going to become the worst serial killer that Texas had ever seen. He tortured animals, stalked another young woman, and revered killers like Ted Bundy, Charles Manson, and Henry Lee Lucas. He was nine years old when he killed his first cat. He added dozens more over the years, along with dogs and even six cows. He had a long list of potential victims and his diaries were filled with fantasies of rape, torture, and cannibalism of female victims. He was a loner who believed he served a "master" who gave him knowledge and power. He was obsessed with bringing girls under his control and having their dead bodies in his possession. Nine-year-old Jeffrey Bailey, Jr. pushed a three-year-old friend into the deep part of a motel pool in Florida in 1986. He wanted to see someone drown. As the boy sank to the bottom, Jeffrey pulled up a chair to watch. When it was finished, he went home. When he was questioned, he was more engaged in being the center of attention than in...
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...INTELLECTUAL ABILITY IN CHILDREN WITH ANXIETY: A REPLICATION AND EXPLORATION OF THE DIFFERENCES A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts In The Department of Psychology by Melissa Munson B.S., University of Florida, 2004 May 2009 i Table of Contents List of Tables……………………………………………………………….. iii Abstract……………………………………………………………………... iv Introduction………………………………………………………………… Anxiety……………………………………………………………... Etiology…………………………………………………………….. Consequences of Anxiety…………………………………………... Theories…………………………………………………………….. Anxiety and Intelligence……………………………………………. Working Memory………………………………………………....... Memory Deficits and Psychopathology…………………………….. Integration and Purpose for the Study……………….……………… Hypotheses…………………………………………………………... Method……………………………………………………………………… Participants………………………………………………………….. Measures…………………………………………………………….. Procedure……………………………………………………………. Data Analysis………………………………………………………... 1 1 3 3 5 6 9 11 13 14 15 15 15 18 20 Results.…………………………………………………………………….... 22 Discussion……………………………………………………………………. 26 References…………………………………………………………………… 30 Appendix A: Demographic Questionnaire…………………………………...41 Appendix B: Recruitment Flyer………………………………………………43 Appendix C: Tear-off Recruitment Flyer…………………………………….44 Appendix D: Phone Screen………………………………………………......45 Vita…………………………………………………………………………… 46 ii ...
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