...Gwen Altman AMH 2020 16 March 16 World War II and the Homefront Six years, 1.6 trillion dollars, and over 60 million deaths. No one could possibly refute the massive impact of World War II. However, many look abroad rather than see the affects in the United States Homefront that would alter the nation infinitely. The Second World War brought on unprecedented economic growth. Increased rights and freedoms were also secured for females and African Americans. World War II sparked a whole new era of economic and social change in the United States. The American public dove head first into the war effort in all aspects. For example, Americans “bought billions of dollars’ worth of bonds to help defray the cost of the war” (Winkler). Despite having just experienced the economic turmoil of the 1930’s, many were quick to purchase patriotic bonds. Those who did not donate supported the war effort through obtaining resources for soldiers. Rations restricted in demand goods like sugar, meat, and fuel and others grew their own fruits and vegetables in professed “victory gardens”. Communities also collected scrap metal and rubber from objects like aluminum cans. Most importantly, the American economy soared with the jobs generated by mammoth amounts of ammunition and transportation needed. “New Deal strategies of Preparedness and Conversion readied industries to create war materials” (Tassava). For instance, major automobile manufactures changed to construct airplanes. These new factories...
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...Home Front in WW1 Recruitment Volunteers * At beginning army was only small with only 250 000 men, needed 1 mill at least * Germany and enemies armies already bigger * Used propaganda * “pals battalions” large groups encouraged to sign up together as guaranteed to fight together * Half a million signed up In the first month * March 1916-2.5 mill volunteers * Downside * Families and towns lost all men * Questioned their return * Why did they join? * Posters * Get away from dull everyday life * Share in the excitement * Thought it their duty Conscription * Clear war not over by Christmas * Casualties had to be replaced, prepare from battle of the Somme November 1916 and replace thousands of dead after * Volunteers were running out – released harsh truths as people returned injured or not at all * Jan 1916 – unmarried men 18-40 * March 1916 – married men also * 1 in 3 conscripted between 1916 -18 * Meant gov had more control over work forces at home as the not conscripted were skilled workers that stayed to do jobs that couldn’t be replaced and helped the war effort Contentious objectors * Object to war for religious or humanitarian reasons * Had to convince a tribunal if they were genuine or coward * If convinced then they would help on the front line eg drive ambulances or war work at home eg mining * If rejected then sent to army, if they...
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...Women on the U.S Home Front When the war began there was an extremely high demand for jobs to produce wartime materials, and when the men were shipped off to war, the women stepped up and took their place. Women also did various other things from victory gardens to rationing goods. But, arguably their most important role was to keep a positive attitude and high moral on the Home Front. War can be a very scary time but women did all they could to make their children, and others feel safe. During WWII, life on the Home Front was a significant part of the war effort and had a major impact on the outcome of the war, and no one had a more significant role on the Home Front than women. This document is a personal account of Mourine Merrow, she describes her early life and her life throughout the wars. It also includes a photo of Mourine and her husband working together at the Aircraft Training School. Mourine Merrow was born in Michigan in 1916 and she lived there throughout the war. Mourine felt many impacts of the war in her daily life, and rather than complain or get upset, she took things into her own hands and did all she could to support the war. She supported the war by rationing foods and goods, by volunteering at various places, wrote letters to troops to boost moral, planted a victory garden, and she even enrolled in the Aircraft Training School. This story was intended for all U.S citizens, to show everything that she did, and you can do, in your life to be a good American...
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...TO: The Law Firm of Hackney and Walton SUBJECT: Charity Recommendation DATE: February 24, 2013 Operations Homefront is a non for profit organization that focuses their efforts to providing financial and relative support to military families and wounded soldiers. When the organization formed in February 2002, they supported 151,150 needs of military families; today they have provided more than $128 million dollars of funding to programs that support military families, including 4,200 wounded warriors and their families. Their services include financial assistance to cover mortgage payments, doctor, contractor, and mechanic bills, as well as, supplying food, baby items, furniture and household items, and handy work assistance within 24 to 72 hours of their request. Charity Navigator has given Operation Homefront the highest rating for the past six years straight. They state, “Nationally, $.94 of every dollar donated to Operation Homefront goes to programs.” Operations Homefront Statement of Financial Position indicated that they have a current ratio of 34.21, a going concern of 1.00, and 77.72% of total net assets are unrestricted. Their Statement of Activities showed that their fund raising efficiency is 28.45. Their fundraising and management expenses total fewer than 6% of total expenses while carrying out 94.22% program effectiveness. Operation Gratitude is a not-for-profit organization that annually sends 100,000+ care packages and personal letters of appreciation...
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...Canada’s Homefront During WW1 In August 1914, Britain declared war on Germany, which meant that Canada was going to war as well. Canada’s young men were going to war to serve their country as well as demonstrating their patriotic duty to Britain as they left behind their loved ones on the Canadian homefront. The First World War had a profound impact on life in Canada during the war. As our Canadian soldiers faced conflicts and huge challenges on foreign battlefields, there were many changes coming for those left behind on the Canadian homefront as they faced many social challenges and a shift in life, as they knew it. During WW1, the Canadian homefront saw a great transformation in the role of women in Canadian society, reforms in the labour movement and an increase in tension between French and English Canadians due to the conscription crisis. At the turn of the century, the role of women in Canadian society began to change drastically as their roles expanded beyond the home. Many Canadians viewed the woman’s role as the mother and homemaker but Canada’s participation in WW1 dramatically altered how women were viewed. So many Canadian men enlisted in the war that Canadian labour force was hugely diminished because if men were at war, they could not be working in the factories so Canada was forced to turn to women to join the workforce. “As the number of volunteers increased it was becoming clear that a new source of labour would have to be found. Women...
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...During the Civil War, what happened off of the battlefield was of great importance to the success of the Civil War. The home front brought economic prosperity to many states in wartime production of numerous goods. Even though it may seem that the home front and the battle front were not immediately connected to each other, women and children played a big role in wartime production and the war itself while men were fighting. The Homefront had an immediate connection with the battlefront. (The Home) “The profound and abiding connections between the home and battlefront, the way the two can blur in the context of the Civil War experience.” (The Home) “The battlefront and Homefront merged for many southern women during the war” They were so close to the battlefront that they heard the nearby cannon fire. (Women) The Homefront and battlefront became “one and the same” during this time. Even the people who lived far from the fighting and where the battles took place, they still felt the harsh effect of the Civil War in every day of their daily lives. Family members attentively waited at home to hear what was happening in...
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...The Film Industry and the Homefront In the center of American isolationism and the era of cultural growth within the early 1900’s, the establishment of film revolutionized popular opinion in encouragement of the war effort. To a certain extent, the film industry during WWI aided in increasing productivity, rationalizing supplies, and building a strong war morale in the homefront; necessary for a victory. Under Woodrow Wilson’s presidency, isolation was more or less implemented along with a few other imperialistic endeavours; focusing mainly on the Spanish American War. As for the rising conflict in Europe, Wilson initially proposed to be the “counselor of peace” in his speech to Congress. Venturing off upon the Monroe Doctrine, American involvement...
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...Introduction For all their good intentions, historians’ analysis of antebellum and postbellum women in South Carolina is often riddled with bias against a familial hierarchy that has existed in families since Biblical times. While this domestic and societal order is not fiction, it is only, for purposes in this research, a contextual experience that creates an understanding of women and their approach and reaction to events prior to, during, and after the Civil War, for ethical and moral values assigned to this status are of a different approach altogether. The Civil War’s effect on South Carolinian society was dramatic, as with many other states in the Union. On the homefront, a noticeable difference occurs in the woman’s role within her family structure and in her relationship to the culture in which she lived. An Antebellum South Carolina Antebellum Carolina On the eve of civil war, South...
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..."Civil War, American." World Book Advanced, World Book, 2017, www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar117060. Accessed 5 Mar. 2017. Hylton, Raymond Pierre. "U.S. Civil War." Salem Press Encyclopedia, January. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=t6o&AN=89160968 "Strengths and Weaknesses: North vs. South." Ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association, n.d.Web. 02 Mar. 2017 Homefront South Guelzo, Allen C. "Civil War, American." World Book Advanced, World Book, 2017, www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar117060. Accessed 7 Mar. 2017. Cummings, Judy Dodge. Civil War. Abdo Publishing, 2014. Essential Library of American Wars. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=e860xna&AN=609266. "Strengths and Weaknesses: North vs. South." Ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association, n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2017 Major Battle Woodworth, Steven E. "Gettysburg, Battle of." World Book Advanced, World Book, 2017, www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar222960. Accessed 6 Mar. 2017 go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSIC&sw=w&u=sai15294&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CEJ2181500099&it=r&asid=fcd96a7c03608a546bff5b8ec9a2a485. Accessed...
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...As the call for men came to defend their country African Americans joined the fight as well. During World War Two African Americans had the ‘Double V Campaign” which stands for victories at war and also on the homefront for equality. Being treated as equals and even friends during the war with white people once the African Americans returned home to racial discrimination they felt they deserved to be treated as equals. The GI Bill was created so upon returning home veterans of the war could have an easier transition. With this being said African Americans did not receive these same rights. African Americans were often denied for buying certain homes especially if they were in a white community (845). Even if the did end up getting the loan and then were allowed to buy the house, their neighbors would not approve and would discriminate them. African Americans often did not understand this because during the war they were treated for the most part the same as any other white man. A white man trusted the African American with his life....
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...Throughout the course of WW2, Canadians continuously proved themselves to be as capable as the powerful countries: Great Britain and United States. The Battle of Britain, the Battle of the Atlantic, the Italy Campaign, D-Day and the liberation of the Netherlands were proof of that. Along the Great Britain and the United States, Canada took part in Operation Overlord. Canadians were assigned the part of Normandy beach codenamed Juno and had penetrated farther inland than other Allied forces. The 1930’s and WW2 saw Canada’s involvement with foreign affairs, thus establishing its role as a major player in international affairs. On the homefront, Canadians actively supported the war effort. Like WW1, many women worked in war industries, for the Red Cross and volunteered at the soldiers’ canteens. One of the notable figures during this time was Elsie MacGill, the woman who designed the Hurricane fighter planes. However, this period saw the interment of 20,000 Japanese Canadians due to the public’s irrational fear of a Japanese...
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...depleted to fill the ranks of the U.S. military. Women were needed to fill in their places while men were at war. Prior to 1942 women were not allowed to serve in the military except as nurses. Shortly after war was declared women began signing up to serve. “The aircraft industry (which was not unionized at the time) led the way immediately after Pearl Harbor, hiring 60 women whose husbands had died in the attack.” (“World War II Homefront Era”) Approximately 350,000 women served during the war. “By 1944, 16 percent of all working women held jobs in war industries. While an estimated 18 million women worked during the war.” (“Rosie the Riveter”) Women replaced men as office workers, gunnery instructors and in other non-combat roles. Many women began working in factories, manufacturing airplanes and working in shipyards, proving that women could perform “men’s work.” “By 1945, more than 18 million U.S. women worked in defense industries and support services. Shipyards in the San Francisco Bay Area employed more than 240,000 people.” (“World War II Homefront Era”) More than six million female workers helped to build planes, bombs, tanks and other weapons that would eventually win World War II. Women had done equal if not better work than what men did. Yet they were still not paid equal. “More than six million female workers helped to build planes, bombs, tanks and other weapons that would Jadoon 5 eventually win World War II.” (“Rosie the Riveter”) Women played a huge role...
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...While many are credited with politically acting to bind the nation or create change, Barton, with only a liberal arts degree, was able to comfort the nation during one of the largest periods of distress in history, the Civil War. A plethora of important figures in history are linked with the end or a cause of a war or conflict, but those who aided the country amidst a war are often lost in the echo of gratitude. Although it may seem unimportant, Barton played a highly crucial role in healing soldiers, comforting those on the homefront, and virtually solacing the country. She was not politically involved, as she gave aid to Confederate prisoners as well, emitting a truer level of humanitarianism and philanthropy other recognized leaders do not often...
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...So, Germany is in economic crisis, they are in turmoil and cannot repay the war debts. The country has huge council like meetings of politicians to try and resolve the situation, this is where Hitler makes his big break. Hitler wasn't a politician at the time, he was instructed by the military to research and review small political groups. History about the Nazi party done, what on earth could they have done to influence our world socioeconomically? Well let's talk about the German Homefront first, Germany was beyond broke; The Treaty of Versailles required them to repay the war debts of many nations from WWI(Side note, many historians consider WWI and WWII to be a continuation of each other. They believe the Treaty of Versailles put into action everything needed for WWII and hence the beginning of it.) As of May 1928 the National Socialist Party only had 2.8% of the votes within the parliament, Social Democrats managed to have the highest, with a whopping 33% of the vote. However, by march 1930 the Nazi party had 19.2 % of the vote and by July of 1932 they had 38.4% of the vote, higher...
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...in war. One is old with gray hair, one is young with rosy cheeks, and one is neither young nor old and Whitman concludes the poem by comparing him to Jesus Christ because of Christ’s sacrifice for humanity, which, in this case, is the soldier sacrificing himself for the Union. Consequently, by taking the wounded from the medic tent and putting them into the homes of the public using his poem as a vehicle, Whitman is able to evoke sympathy and support simultaneously because of his ability to make this issue apply to everyone. Undeniably, Whitman used his power as a poet and writer for a Union newspaper to bring the war into the homes of ordinary people. His writing offered a behind-the-scenes look at what was actually happening on the homefront and affected his audience emotionally by showing that war is gray, dim, and indiscriminate because it affects old, young, and in-between equally. ...
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