...Philosophy Final Paper For this paper I chose the topic of gay marriage. I chose gay marriage because I know that there has been a lot of controversy over the subject. People either say gay marriage is unnatural, immoral, and wrong or to not let them marry is discrimination and not equal treatment. The first article is arguing for gay marriage and the second article is arguing against it. While both articles give some good arguments, the first article is definitely the stronger of the two. I myself am against gay marriage, but both of these articles pose good points, but also some flaws. The first article I read was from USA Today arguing that the problem with not allowing gay marriage is that it’s not equal treatment. They start out the article with giving a premise saying that traditionalist only see marriage in religious terms and that they say by common definition, marriage involves a man and woman. I think this argument is weak because the premise isn’t really supporting the conclusion, its just saying that a certain group of people thinks that way. After this they propose the premise saying that judges look at marriage as far from a religious matter and that the state gives married couples privileged treatment under law. I think this premise is weak because it doesn’t really explain how they homosexuals are treated unequal, it’s just saying what privileges married couples get. Next he goes on to give the premise that homosexual couples, even some together 20-30 years...
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...could only be known through the examination of one’s perceptions of the world (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014). His individual psychology theory has provided an excellent theoretical framework and intervention techniques for individuals, couples, and families since its inception. Sherman and Dinkmeyer proposed empirical evidence that suggested that components of Adlerian therapy were an integrative approach spanning 66 psychotherapeutic models (Dinkmeyer & Sperry, 2000). While Adler was ahead of his time in many regards with his theories and practices, his view of homosexuality as pathology is quite outdated. Nevertheless, Adlerian theory and techniques have a valid role in counseling the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community. This literature review will examine the core tendencies of Adler’s individual psychology as well as early Adlerian attitudes and misconceptions about homosexuality. It will then assess the modern applicability of Adlerian theory in the LGBT community as a whole. Adler’s Individual Psychology The theory of individual psychology is rooted around the core belief that healthy individuals have social interest and compassion for other people (Gladding, 2005). Adler’s concepts place emphasis on the uniqueness and unity of each individual. He believed that all individuals strive to become successful and strive for growth. According to Adler, people are not victims of...
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...person of the opposite sex as husband and wife in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law. But as the second definition, it states, the state of being united to a person of the same sex or a relationship like that of a traditional marriage. Same-sex marriage is one of the most controversial issues in the world. According to our text book, Doing Ethics, William Bennett warns of the dire consequences of legalizing same sex unions. He states that “the legal union of same-sex couples would shatter the conventional definition of marriage, change the rules which govern behavior, endorse practices which are completely antithetical to the tenets (a principle or belief, especially one of the main principles of a religion or philosophy) of all the world’s major religions, send conflicting signals about marriage and sexuality, particularly to the young, and obscure marriage’s enormously consequential function-procreation and child rearing” (Vaughn 2013, p 453). Also in our text book, Doing Ethics, Elizabeth Brake argues that “marriage provides benefits which are denied to same-sex couples on the basis of their orientation; if the function of...
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...PHIL 225: Philosophy of Love & Sex Essay #1 (20%) Due Nov. 28 in class (no electronic copies accepted) 5% per day late penalty (late papers can be left in drop off box outside K201) Answer one of the following topics in an essay of approximately 1200-1500 words (4-6 double spaced pages, 12 pt. font, 1” margins). Avoid plagiarism by using your own words and making sure to cite sources properly using a well-known format such as APA or MLA. ** you must cite at least 2 peer reviewed sources not including our textbook (i.e. go to library) 1. Explain the philosophical and social/cultural significance of various mythological/religious narratives of the origin of love and sexual desire 2. Human desire is born of a wound/cut/separation in human nature. Discuss this statement with reference to Erich Fromm, Genesis and Aristophanes’ speech on love. 3. Discuss various religious, cultural, or philosophical arguments for or against homosexuality. 4. Discuss the views on Love by Erich Fromm (erotic love) and Harry Frankfurt. What do they have in common? How does each argue that true Love is different from lust/infatuation/falling in love AND motherly/charitable love? 5. Discuss the idea that universal love (Agape) is or is not (e.g Freud) the basis of civilization. 6. In Leonore Tiefer’s and Michael Ruse’s articles we have a couple of critiques based on pointing out that established ideas (i.e. that sex is a natural act & the Human sexual response cycle) have little or...
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...existence, and treatment of, homosexuality and same-sex relationships. Unfortunately, it seems that this is one of those arguments that keeps us from moving forward. What frustrates me the most about the whole argument is how unnecessary—and ridiculously riddled with misconceptions and outright insulting fabrications—it is. Homosexuality seems to be too difficult a concept for our society to accept, but it is too real, and too ancient, an issue to deny. My purpose for writing this paper is to address one of the myths about homosexuality, and in doing so make a vital point about the biggest misconception that exists on the subject. In a society where each consecutive generation pushes the boundaries of social norms and acceptable behavior further outside of polite society’s comfort zone, fads and rebellions are commonplace. Often homosexuality gets lumped in with these fleeting trends and is seen as something transitory, something that will go away if denied acceptance long enough. On the contrary, homosexuality is not something new or impermanent. Rather it is a concept, a fact of life, which has been with us since the earliest recorded histories of man. In this essay I will show how ancient societies—the ancestors of everyone in this great country—reacted to the presence of homosexuality. I will explain how all of these diverse peoples, all over the globe, recorded in their histories and their art not only the presence of homosexuality in their societies, but also...
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...In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of L7452 Leadership and Ethics Yvette Harlan Argosy University Dr. C. Larson-Daugherty Organization Visitation This writer was able to secure an interview with the Executive Vice President/Chief of Operations Officer. The organization had a successful attendance of homeless veterans and their families during their 25th annual Stand Down, which is an event to provide substance abuse treatment, medical treatment, psychiatric assistance, legal assistance (Homeless Court), linkage to social programs in San Diego County and other vital assistance such as housing, dental and food services. The event is held every year in July and lasts for three days and two nights. As stated in my earlier paper, this writer held the position of director of the “Welcome Home” Family Program of Veterans Village of San Diego (VVSD). During my seven years of leadership with this non-profit organization, this writer gained a wealth of knowledge in regard to the lack of services that is afforded to our veterans. Although VVSD’s motto is “leave no one behind,” there is a huge homeless population of veterans from wars dating back to the Vietnam War era to the current wars in the Middle East. I was the only female director on staff, and one of three directors of color. An issue arose where the former President/CEO made sexual innuendoes toward this writer on two separate occasions. The first incident stunned this writer because of the high respect...
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...affairs with men. He was tried and imprisoned for his homosexual relationship (then considered a crime) with the son of an aristocrat. Many of his plays such as The Importance of Being Earnest and Salome are translated in to foreign languages and are adopted into films and poems written by him made their presence in the list of bestsellers of his time and still continue to be read worldwide. The most celebrated novelist and author of his time, Oscar Wilde was appreciated by and acquainted with many influential artists of the day including English author John Ruskin, American poet Walt Whitman and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde witnessed an ill-fated downfall in 1885, when the author was arrested and imprisoned on account of his iniquitous homosexuality that made him leave his country forever. He was also harshly criticized for his outspoken atheism and active role in atheistic movements in the country which eventually led to his death in 1900. Wilde has many accomplishments, but we tend to look past the trials and tribulations in which he faced. He had a fascination with literature and writing was always his first love. But Wilde had other loves too. His name was Alfred and Oscar Wilde got in hot water with his homosexual relations. Trouble came to Wilde’s life when he started to act...
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...This paper addresses the plight of homosexual rights.Historically,homosexuals have not only been treated as social outcasts but also their legal right to equality has been denied.We have made an attempt to portray homosexuality as an alternate way of life rather than perversion or a crime. 2 Historical Background Homo erotic practices were widely present, and integrated into the religion, education, philosophy and military cultures of various societies and also condemned by many. 1 Introduction 2.1 Ancient history Homosexuality is defined as sexual orientation characterized by aesthetic attraction, romantic love, and sexual desire exclusively for members of the same sex or gender identity. The potential for homosexual behavior appears to be a basic part of human sexuality, since many people experience homosexual interest, curiosity, or activity at some point in their lives. Homosexual behavior has also been observed in most animal species. Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or, in the case of women, lesbian because of the exclusively sexual connotation of homosexual. When individuals engage in both heterosexual and homosexual behaviors, they are said to be bi-sexual. The practices associated with the erotic attraction of people to one’s own gender have been around since the dawn of humanity. Homosexuality, one of the many different sexual behaviors exhibited by humankind, has been rejected, persecuted, and denied.In many countries homosexuality is illegal...
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...it protects the human dignity of the client. It is acknowledged that the Singapore Association for Counselling Code of Ethics (SAC) has many similarities and differences compared to the American Counselling Association Code of Ethics (ACA). This paper will compare the two code of ethics using the systemic perspective model which comprises of eight specific areas, mindset, emotional, physical/biological, philosophy, culture, political/economic, social and environment. Systemic perspective model is based on a framework whereby different components of a perspective can be understood in parallel with each other rather than in isolation. Specifically, this paper will illustrate these comparisons between the perspectives based on same sex issues. Systemic Perspective Model Mindset When dealing with clients who face a crisis in sexual identity, the counsellor must maintain an open mindset and not form prejudices that might hinder the counsellor-client relationship. Mindset is a fixed disposition that predetermines an individual’s response to a situation. As a counsellor, one must be receptive to all views regardless of societal influences, especially on a contentious issue such as homosexuality. It is evident that both SAC and ACA code of ethics recognized diversity as their key point, hence, the counsellor are likely to prioritise the clients' views and emotional needs and not form pre-conceived notions of alternative lifestyles. Counsellors...
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...Gay Marriage Tina M. Keena SOC 120: Introductions to Ethics & Social Responsibility Instructor: Daniel Beteta August 31, 2012 Gay Marriage “The protection of fundamental human rights was a foundation stone in the establishment of the United States over 200 years ago. Since then, a central goal of U.S. foreign policy has been the promotion of respect for human rights, as embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The United States understands that the existence of human rights helps secure the peace, deter aggression, promote the rule of law, combat crime and corruption, strengthen democracies, and prevent humanitarian crises” (Bureau of Public Affairs). With this said and published why is there so much debate and argument over the rights of those in the Gay and Lesbian community being allowed to marry each other? The Bible does indicate that marriage is between a man and a woman, but the Bible was written by man as an interpretation of God’s word. This Country with many others has overcome so many obstacles within the times. Banishment of slavery, equal rights to women, and acceptance of interracial marriages has become respected and acceptable. If all of this can come full circle to where it is acceptable, the rights of those who are gay should also be accepted. Equal rights to all human beings regardless of race, religion or sexual orientation should be recognized. In 1967 there was much controversy over the interracial marriage of...
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...Quezon City Polytechnic University Batasan Satellite Campus Batasan Hills, Quezon City Research Paper in Symbolic Logic HOMOSEXUALITIES Submitted by Joann E. Buenavente Submitted to Prof. Fabian Avila I. Introduction Homosexuality Homosexuality is romantic or sexual attraction or behavior between members of the same sex or gender. As an orientation, homosexuality refers to "an enduring pattern of or disposition to experience sexual, affectionate, or romantic attractions" primarily or exclusively to people of the same sex; "it also refers to an individual's sense of personal and social identity based on those attractions, behaviors expressing them, and membership in a community of others who share them." Homosexuality is one of the three main categories of sexual orientation, along with bisexuality and heterosexuality, within the heterosexual-homosexual continuum (with asexuality sometimes considered a fourth). Scientific and medical understanding is that sexual orientation is not a choice, but rather a complex interplay of biological and environmental factors,[1][3] especially with regard to early uterine environment. While there are those who still hold the view that homosexual activity is "unnatural" or "dysfunctional", research has shown that homosexuality is an example of natural variation in human sexuality and is not in and of itself a source of negative psychological effects. Prejudice and discrimination against homosexual and bisexual people...
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...Running Head:PROBLEM OF EVIL Problem of Evil and God's Existence Ammar Ather Roll#:14-10556, Sec:B Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Problem of Evil and God's Existence The existence of God and questions pertinent to it, has been discussed for centuries predating Biblical documentation and golden Greek philosophical era of Aristotle and Plato. Thus a supernatural identity has always been the centre of attention among people, Empire, states, ever since man has been derived by intuition of knowing certain things. God has been called by people at times of distress and reassurance. The ancient Egyptians and civilizations called gods when shaken by ordeal. Christians remember God as the embodiment of salvation. People offered god with festivals, coronation ceremonies and even blood sacrifices. The identity of God is perceived differently by people of different beliefs, times and areas. The image of God ranges from Pantheism in the Vedic references to strict Monotheism in Islamic scriptures. This idea is imperative for proceeding and constructing research based on pure rational and Philosophical grounds. The objectivity demands reviewing God and existence within the context of a specific frame of thought and then appropriate approach is utilized to construct an argument. Thesis statement:The belief in God is a cardinal question in dealing with the soteriological and moral implication of mankind which is better contemplated by reviewing theodicy...
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...This paper will examine the life of Jeremy Bentham and his accomplishments throughout his life. Special attention will be placed on his contribution to the study of ethics. Jeremy Bentham was born on The 15th of February, 1748 in Spitalfields, London, England At the early age of 3 years he started learning Latin and two years later he started playing the violin. Jeremy gained his BA in 1763 from the Queens College, Oxford University; three years in 1766 he attained his MA from the same institution. He was a theorist in Anglo- American philosophy of law, his opposition to the political powers of his day aided in his development and thinking, his ideas stimulated the growth of “welfarism”. He also pushed for the recognition of individualism and economic independence. He however did not stop there; his fight for equal rights continued and included the freedom of expression, women’s rights and the decriminalization of homosexuality. He also argued that the church and the state should be separated and also took a strong stance in the call for the abolition of slavery and the death penalty. He utilized many avenues to get his point across to the politicians. In 1777 his first book, Introduction to The Principles for Morals and Legislation was published ant it brought him instant fame. This book was written to support a proposal made by Jeremy on the penal code. It was supposed to be the instrument of change and was being pushed by Jeremy and his friends. It was however turned down...
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...Practical Philosophy November 2001 Plato’s theory of Love: Rationality as Passion Lydia Amir 'I … profess to understand nothing but matters of love.' Socrates in Plato’s Symposium. times, when due to their education and to political changes, women earned the right to love and to be loved as equals to men. When one dispels these misunderstandings related to the popular notion of Platonic love, one finds a great richness and depth in Plato’s theory of love. In explaining why love is so important to us and yet why it fails us so often, Plato’s view of love seems applicable to our time. It is common knowledge that a very high rate of divorce threatens our marriages. We expect a lot from the sexual passion we call love, but usually end up disappointed when the romance goes away. Yet we keep getting married, thinking that we are going to be the ones that will beat the system. If we fail, we change our partner and try again. We end up our love life as we began it, confused, afraid and as disappointed as we were hopeful. The malaise that characterises our love lives naturally finds its way to the philosophical consulting room. In this paper I shall attempt to show how Plato’s view of love can be helpful both in dispelling our confusion about love and in proposing some solutions to our suffering. A comprehensive account of Plato’s complex theory of love, an exhaustive presentation of the controversies involved in interpreting it or a thorough discussion of the problems it creates...
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...Homosexuality From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about homosexuality in humans. For homosexuality in other animals, see Homosexual behavior in animals. Sexual orientation Male and female symbols overlaid Sexual orientations Asexual Bisexual Heterosexual Homosexual Non-binary categories Androphilia and gynephilia Non-heterosexual Pansexuality Polysexuality Queer Research Biological Human female sexuality Human male sexuality Demographics Environment Hetero/homosexual continuum Kinsey scale Klein Grid Neuroscientific Queer studies Sexology Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine Non-human animals Animal sexual behaviour Non-reproductive sexual behavior in animals Homosexual behavior in animals (list) Category Category v t e Part of a series on Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people LGBT flag Sexual orientation Homosexuality Demographics Biology Environment History LGBT history Timeline Social movements Culture LGBT community Coming out Pride Slang Symbols Gay village Rights Laws around the world Marriage Union Adoption LGBT parenting Military service Legal aspects of transgenderism Intersex human rights Social attitudes Heteronormativity LGBT stereotypes Queer Religion and homosexuality Religion and transgender Prejudice / Violence AIDS stigma Anti-intersex Biphobia Genderism Heterosexism Homophobia Lesbophobia Binarism Sexualism Suicide among LGBT youth Transphobia Violence against LGBT people LGBT trafficking ...
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