...of multinational corporations from Hong Kong Introduction Although the origins of Hong Kong-based MNCs can be traced(ditelusuri) to the British colonial period and Hong Kong’s position as an entrepôt(gudang) for trade in South East Asia and China, indigenous (adat) Chinese firms(perusahaan) based in Hong Kong emerged(munculnya) as MNCs in the early 1950s, thus reflecting(mencerminkan) a longer history by comparison to MNCs from Taiwan and South Korea whose emergence(muncul) can be traced(ditelusuri) to the early 1960s. Hong Kong has grown to become a significant home country(negara asal) of FDI(foreign direct investment) with an outward FDI stock of ,$154.9 billion in 1998, or some 3.8 per cent of the global stock of outward FDI. Indeed, it had become the world’s tenth-largest source of FDI in that year based on the size of outward FDI stock after the United States (with a share of 24.1 per cent of the global stock of outward FDI), United Kingdom (12.1 per cent), Germany (9.5 per cent), Japan (7.2 per cent), the Netherlands (6.4 per cent), France (5.9 per cent), Switzerland (4.3 per cent), Italy (4.1 per cent) and Canada (3.8 per cent). In fact, Hong Kong is almost as important as Canada whose outward FDI stock was $156.6 billion in that year. Thus, Hong Kong had become a significant source of FDI in the world economy, particularly more so in relation to the stock of outward FDI from developing countries where Hong Kong is the single largest home country with...
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...one of the renowned gaming centers of the world. In 2006, the revenue earned from gaming in Macau surpassed that of Las Vegas, and all taxes associated with gaming amounted to almost 75% of government revenue. The relaxation of travel restrictions coupled with the growth in the gaming segment resulted in nearly 27 million travelers visiting China in 2007, an increase of almost 62% over the preceding three years. Macau’s traditional textile industry has gradually shifted base to China due to termination of the Multi-Fiber Agreement in 2005. The Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) signed between Macau and China allows tariff free movement of goods from Macau to mainland China. Pataca, the currency of Macau is closely connected with Hong Kong dollar and is freely accepted in Honk Kong. Economic activities of Macau Services activities dominated by tourism and gambling contribute nearly 96% towards its GDP (gross domestic product). Wholesale and retail trade, financial services, construction, and transport and communications are the other tertiary sector activities. The industrial sector is dominated by electronics, footwear, textiles and toy manufacturing facilities. Industries or secondary economic activities constitute almost 4% of GDP. The contribution of agriculture to Macau’s economy is negligible. With only 2% of total area of Macau under agricultural use, the contribution of this sector towards GDP is around 0.1%. Apart from vegetable farming, fishing is a vital primary...
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...JANUARY 19, 2011 GLOBAL CORPORATE FINANCE SPECIAL COMMENT The Current Menu for Renminbi Bonds in Hong Kong: Dim Sum or Synthetic? Overview 1 2 5 Table of Contents: OVERVIEW MARKET PERSPECTIVE SURGE IN RENMINBI DEPOSITS AND TRADE SETTLEMENTS IN HONG KONG GROWTH IN RENMINBI TRADE SETTLEMENTS SUBJECT TO REGULATORY MEASURES SURGE IN DIM-SUM BOND ISSUANCE DIVERSIFICATION OF ISSUERS THE “DIM-SUM SUBSTITUTE”: SYNTHETIC RENMINBI BONDS 6 6 7 9 This report addresses recent developments in the offshore market for bonds denominated in mainland China’s currency, the Renminbi (RMB), whether settled in RMB or another currency. Called “dim sum” bonds when settled in RMB or “synthetic” if settled in other currencies such as U.S. dollars, these debt instruments have so far come out primarily in Hong Kong, with several synthetic convertible bonds in Singapore. However, in future, Chinese authorities may allow offshore RMB transactions elsewhere, and more euro-RMB bonds1 issued in other financial centers could soon appear. A comment answering investors’ frequently asked questions on our approach to rating both types of these bonds will follow within a few weeks. The progressive internationalization of the RMB will facilitate growth in Hong Kong of both kinds of RMB-denominated bonds. In particular, the rapidly expanding volume of the city’s deposits and of trade settlements in RMB has driven growth in dim-sum bonds, and the Chinese government’s allowance last week for Chinese...
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...Table of Contents 1) Executive Summary 4 2) Company Background 4 2.1) Company Prospect 4 2.2) Market Leading History 5 3) Competitors Analysis 6 3.1) Industry Perspective 6 3.2) Market Leader -- Broadway (in 4P points of view) 6 3.3) Market Challenger -- Gome (in 4P points of view) 6 3.4) Company Review 6 4) External Environment Analysis 7 4.1) Geographical view 7 4.2) Demographical 7 4.3) PEST Analysis 7 a. Political 7 b. Economic Environment 8 c. Social Environment 8 d. Technological Environment 9 5) Consumer Review 9 Dissonance-reducing buying behavior 10 6) SWOT Analysis 10 a. Strengths 10 b. Weaknesses 11 c. Opportunities 12 d. Threats 13 7) Conclusion and Recommendations 13 7.1) Target Market and Positioning Strategies 13 7.2) Marketing mix programs 14 a) Product 14 b) Price 14 c) Place 15 d) Promotions 15 1) Executive Summary This marketing report is aimed to analyze the electrical appliance retailer, Fortress, and provide(provides) several recommendations to improve its market positioning that can achieve its targets and objectives. After investigating the current situation and external environment, it is suggested to launch a new promotion campaign that allows Fortress to gain more attention from consumers and succeed in the industry. It is found that the trend of collective purchasing is significant on the internet. Also, the number of marriage increased with the economy rebounded. In the...
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...development of Chinese Mainland, Shanghai, the pearl of the Orient become one of the most developed city in Mainland, aimed to be “four-Centers”, which are clearest themes of Shanghai’s 12th FYP(Five Years Plan), international financial, trade, shipping and economic center. Hong Kong, one of mature international finance center in the world, is always a module for Shanghai, and it is a hot topic to compare these two cities. Years ago, the Chinese government announced a national strategy about Shanghai. According to this strategy, Shanghai is planed to be built into an international financial center completing with mature financial centers and full of a wide range of globally competitive financial products and service by next decades. As an international financial center, Shanghai plans to become the world’s center of trading, pricing and clearing of Chinese yuan assets. The initiative will facilitate FIE(Foreign-invested enterprise) growing use of funds, like offshore RMB and the issuance of RMB-denominated bonds. Other initiatives include finance leases, small loan services, local innovation products and financial guarantees for FIEs(Foreign-invested enterprise). As a mature international finance center, Hong Kong and Shanghai have gradually been as competitor for the finance center in Greater China region, in Asia, even in the world. With the rapid rising position of Shanghai together with China mainland, more and more multinational corporations move Asia headquarters to Shanghai...
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...of the close relationship between Hong Kong and mainland china Hong Kong has enjoyed the benefits of being a capitalist economy and independent from mainland China for over 150 years under British colony without much relationship with China. Even though Hong Kong is now part of China with a strong tie, the Chinese central government valued having a successful capitalist economy in the greater China, consequently they have agreed to preserve the capitalist economy in the Sino-British agreement 1984. In this agreement, China has agreed on preserving the capitalist economy for 50 years after the return of Hong Kong on the 1st July 1997. Hong Kong is now one of the two Special Administrative Regions (SAR) in China having an independent economy with ties to mainland China. This decision had a positive influence on both the Chinese and Hong Kong economy and contributed towards the rapid growth of the Chinese economy and the expansion of Hong Kong as a financial centre in the recent years because now Chinese firms are able to easily reach the international market from Hong Kong. On the other hand, it still has drawbacks and potential threats from China having strong relationship, a free-trade agreement with a capitalist economy such as; large firms with large sums of liquidity and stability moving out of mainland China to preserve its wealth. This paper will discuss the benefit and drawbacks to both parts from an economics perspective for Hong Kong and China having a close relationship...
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...About Zurich Being part of Zurich Insurance Group, Zurich Insurance (Hong Kong) offers a full range of flexible general insurance and life insurance products for individuals as well as corporate customers, catering to their insurance, protection and investment needs. Our presence in Hong Kong dates back to 1961. We are one of the top 10 insurers in Hong Kong. Zurich Insurance Group is a leading multi-line insurance provider with a global network of subsidiary and offices in Europe, North America, Latin America, Asia-Pacific and the Middle East as well as other markets. Founded in 1872, the Group is headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland. With over 60,000 employees serving customers in more than 170 countries, our ambition is to become the best global insurer as measured by our shareholders, customers and employees. Travelplus Insurance Plan Zurich Insurance Company Ltd ZXS/001/ENG/09/2013 (a company incorporated in Switzerland) 25-26/F, One Island East, 18 Westlands Road, Island East, Hong Kong Telephone: +852 2968 2288 Fax: +852 2968 0639 Website: www.zurich.com.hk Travelplus Insurance Plan Travelplus Insurance Plan offers comprehensive coverage for you and your family members or friends to enjoy the wonderful trip without any hassle. Table of Benefits Coverage Maximum benefits per insured person (HKD) Gold plan Silver plan Bronze plan Medical cover • Medical expenses, including follow-up medical treatment • Overseas hospital daily cash benefit 1,000...
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...The global watch Industry is dominated by only a handful of countries, the clear leaders being Switzerland and China. China is the world's biggest watch producer in volume terms. However, Chinese watches are mainly geared toward the lower end of the price range. In the luxury segment, on the other hand, Switzerland enjoys a near-monopoly position. Although the Swiss watch industry accounts for only around 2.5% of global production in terms of unit numbers, it is by far the leading exporter of watches in value terms. The industry is now Switzerland's third largest export sector. At 95%, almost its entire production is exported. The majority of the PESTEL analysis will focus on these two countries. Political: Introduction of anti-corruption measures and restrictions on advertising has resulted in economic slowdown in the watch industry. It resulted in Swiss exports of small watches to china falling abruptly in the middle of 2012. However given the rapid pace at which the Chinese market has developed in proceeding years, the decline in Swiss watches exports should be seen as normalization rather than a slump. Watch exports underwent an abrupt trend reversal in June 2012. This negative trend reversal and shift in demand to more economically priced watches were partly due to political measures. In July 2012, the Chinese administration announced that government officials would in future no longer receive public funds for luxury goods. These measures are primarily aimed at combating...
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...（Suning Appliance (002024)） was listed in Shenzhen Stock Exchange, thus having become the first listed Chinese home appliance chain enterprise featured by IPO, with its market value ranking in the first tier of home appliance chain enterprises worldwide. It has 180,000 staff with annual sales revenue 230 billion yuan. At the end of 2009, Suning enters Hong Kong market through the cooperation with Citicall Hong Kong which had been incorporated into Suning’s business entity. On Mach 1st 2010, Suning officially launched direct headquarter in Hong Kong, naming Hong Kong Suning Commerce Co., LTD, which takes retail and trading of electronic appliance as its main business. By the year of 2013, Hong Kong Suning has total 28 stores in Hong Kong with nearly 600 employees and its annual turnover reaches HK$ 9 billion. 2. Marketing Mixes: 7PS analysis 2.1 Target Customers Hong Kong Suning targets at three types of cutomers: (1) Local customer. According to the statistics released by the Census and Statistics Department today (February 18), the provisional estimate of the Hong Kong Population was 7,219,700 at end-2013. Hong Kong local customers are Suning’s main target customers, suning targets at them on full product line, especially traditional household appliance. (2) Tourist customer. Suning treats tourist customers as its important customers, especially visitors from Mainland China. According to...
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...competition in the logistics business in china intensified, both FedEx and UPS started emphasizing on promotion to attract Chinese customers. Till the late 1990s there was a marked distinction in the approach of FedEx and UPS towards advertising and promotion in China. FedEx followed an approach which emphasized on heavily publicizing its services offering in China. It launched intimidating ad campaigns to attract customers. One of the ad’s showed the tail of a FedEx plane parked in front of a forbidden city saying, “ Call FedEx , it’s almost forbidden not to.” FedEx stressed on promoting its service offerings and enhancing brand awareness among the customers in China. For this purpose, it hired a popular media partner, OMD based in Hong Kong. On the other hand UPS emphasized less on advertising because it preferred to project itself as a local company, but still it held up a six-week T.V campaign the company displayed a motorized three wheeler, a large van, a brown UPS truck and a boeing 747 moving together on an air strip in a line representing its global image rather than showing it as an American company. To target Chinese customers outside the country, UPS sponsored the Chinese new year celebrations in Vancouver and Toronto, where many Chinese immigrants resided. UPS also...
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...Economic History of Hong Kong Hong Kong’s economic and political history has been primarily determined by its geographical location. The territory of Hong Kong is comprised of two main islands (Hong Kong Island and Lantau Island) and a mainland hinterland. It thus forms a natural geographic port for Guangdong province in Southeast China. In a sense, there is considerable continuity in Hong Kong’s position in the international economy since its origins were as a commercial entrepot for China’s regional and global trade, and this is still a role it plays today. From a relatively unpopulated territory at the beginning of the nineteenth century, Hong Kong grew to become one of the most important international financial centers in the world. Hong Kong also underwent a rapid and successful process of industrialization from the 1950s that captured the imagination of economists and historians in the 1980s and 1990s. Hong Kong from 1842 to 1949 After being ceded by China to the British under the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, the colony of Hong Kong quickly became a regional center for financial and commercial services based particularly around the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank and merchant companies such as Jardine Matheson. In 1841 there were only 7500 Chinese inhabitants of Hong Kong and a handful of foreigners, but by 1859 the Chinese community was over 85,000 supplemented by about 1600 foreigners. The economy was closely linked to commercial activity, dominated by shipping, banking...
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...Pack-A-Card Gift Card Packaging Company Marriott School Of Management 2008 1 of 1 Pack-A-Card GIFT CARD PACKAGING COMPANY "The possible benefits make this proposal very tempting," mused Mr. Craig Hunt, "but how would it affect the other areas of the business?" In a recent planning meeting held in July 2008, production manager, Ms. Ching, proposed that Pack-A-Card (PAC) Gift Card Packaging Company adopt a level-production strategy for the next year. PAC's sales were seasonal and the company, therefore, produced on a seasonal basis. By switching to level production, Ms. Ching hoped that production costs could be minimized. Pack-A-Card Gift Card Packaging Company designed and manufactured a variety of gift card packages with tin boxes for large retailers and department stores. Each year PAC produced from 15 to 20 formats of gift tin boxes in a broad range of designs. Dollar sales of a particular design varied by as much as 25 to 35% from year to year depending on fashion trends, color preferences, and consumer spending patterns during the Thanksgiving and Christmas Holiday season. The manufacture of gift card packaging was a highly competitive business. The manufacturing process was relatively simple and capital requirements were not large. Because design, price, and functionality were so important to consumers, competitive pressures on smaller firms were intensified by the existence of a number of large international manufacturers. These large manufacturers had ample financial...
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...Health and Nutrition • Household Cleaning • Car Care • Personal Care • Cosmetics & Fragrances • Kitchen and Cookware • Bodyshaping Lingerie • Undergarments and Apparel • Food and Beverages • Π Water Systems • Health and Nutrition • Household Cleaning • Car Care • Personal Care • Cosmetics & Fragrances • Kitchen and Cookware • Bodyshaping Lingerie • Undergarments and Apparel • Food and Beverages • Π Water Systems • Health and Nutrition • Household Cleaning • Car Care • Personal Care • Cosmetics & Fragrances • Kitchen and Cookware • Bodyshaping Lingerie • Undergarments and Apparel • Food and Beverages • Π Water Systems • Health and Nutrition • Household Cleaning • Car Care • Personal Care • Cosmetics & Fragrances • Kitchen and Cookware • Bodyshaping Lingerie • Undergarments and Apparel • Food and Beverages • Π Water Systems • Health and Nutrition • Household Cleaning • Car Care • Personal Care • Cosmetics & Fragrances • Kitchen and Cookware • Bodyshaping Lingerie • Undergarments and Apparel • Food and Beverages • Π Water Systems • Health and Nutrition • Household Cleaning • Car Care • Personal Care • Cosmetics & Fragrances • Kitchen and Cookware • Bodyshaping Lingerie • Undergarments and Apparel • Food and Beverages • Π Water Systems • Health and Nutrition • Household Cleaning • Car Care • Personal Care • Cosmetics & Fragrances • Kitchen and Cookware • Bodyshaping Lingerie • Undergarments and Apparel • Food and Beverages • Π Water Systems • Health and Nutrition • Household Cleaning...
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...Executive Summary Hong Kong is believed the world best location in the world to startup a foreign business. Due to Hong Kong provide a clean business-friendly environment, a stable government fiscal and the advantage of its location. In addition, with the sustainable growth of the GDP and the simple tax system with its low tax rate which made it an attractive place for investment. However, the highly polluted environment and the over-heated real estate would be a big concern for Hong Kong government. In addition, the dependence on land sales revenue should have to reduce if Hong Kong government wants to achieve a long- term fiscal sustainability. The table below clarifies that different level and different type of risk shown from this evaluation and analysis report, reveals that overall risk are in the low level of risk, except for the real-estate and environment risk. Therefore, Australian investor should expected the business operate in Hong Kong would be fairly and equally treated. However, due to the culture difference, that although Hong Kong is a mixed in high and low context culture compare to China and Japan, the minor culture barrier still remain. | |Type of risk |Level of risk | |Factors |- Political system |Low | | |- Legal system...
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...one of the renowned gaming centers of the world. In 2006, the revenue earned from gaming in Macau surpassed that of Las Vegas, and all taxes associated with gaming amounted to almost 75% of government revenue. The relaxation of travel restrictions coupled with the growth in the gaming segment resulted in nearly 27 million travelers visiting China in 2007, an increase of almost 62% over the preceding three years. Macau’s traditional textile industry has gradually shifted base to China due to termination of the Multi-Fiber Agreement in 2005. The Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) signed between Macau and China allows tariff free movement of goods from Macau to mainland China. Pataca, the currency of Macau is closely connected with Hong Kong dollar and is freely accepted in Honk Kong. Economic activities of Macau Services activities dominated by tourism and gambling contribute nearly 96% towards its GDP (gross domestic product). Wholesale and retail trade, financial services, construction, and transport and communications are the other tertiary sector activities. The industrial sector is dominated by electronics, footwear, textiles and toy manufacturing facilities. Industries or secondary economic activities constitute almost 4% of GDP. The contribution of agriculture to Macau’s economy is negligible. With only 2% of total area of Macau under agricultural use, the contribution of this sector towards GDP is around 0.1%. Apart from vegetable farming, fishing is a vital primary...
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