...Marxist Critique/Race In Zora Neale Hurstons, Their Eyes Were Watching God, Janie Starks, being an African Woman, experiences restrictions as a result of preconceived notions of race held by both white and black people in the early twentieth century. The first person to limit Janie is her Nanny. Janie’s grandmother (Nanny) has spent most of her life in a sensitive time just after slavery was abolished in the United States. African Americans were now being recognized as humans by the American Government and were granted the same rights as white Americans. Nanny confines Janie by limiting the boundaries of success that Janie could achieve in her life: “Here Nanny had taken the biggest thing God ever made, the horizon – for not matter how far a person can go the horizon is still way beyond you – and pinched it in...
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...Women’s Rights Movement Women felt they deserved the right to vote because they had to obey the laws that were passed. They wanted to have a voice. Women felt that they had the right to be their own person, such as not having to go through their husbands to do something. Women also felt they should have the right to control their own body, such as if they wanted to become mothers and when this process would happen. The 1800s and early 1900s movement was similar to the 60s and 70s because they were still fighting for all women’s rights. The movements were different because in the 60s and 70s it focused more on colored women fighting for the rights because of the new laws passed to prevent colored people from their previously given rights. Elizabeth Cady Stanton felt as if women should be treated equally because every person is their own individual. It is not fair for a woman to be treated differently from men just because of their gender. She states that every individual should be able to choose what his or her environment is like, such as voting and which religion she chooses to believe in. A women should get a say so in these things if she is supposed to rely on herself. Women could not just disobey this, because, “to refuse political equality is to rob the ostracized of all self-respect” (Stanton, 17). The...
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...written during the early 1900's by a young woman from Minnesota. It was later on compiled by her son (James Balano), and published. There are many topics that this book covers, the struggles of a young woman with a man's job in the early 1900's, marital conflicts, unhappy with her figure, eating habits, and the every day tortures of being a woman. Perhaps the biggest issues in this book was Dorothea's sex life. She was smart, quick witted, and had an amazing sense of humor. Her husband was a lady's man and knew nothing besides being a captain, which he did well at. Dorothea and her husband Fred were so different that it really caused a strain on their marriage. At times the only thing they seemed to share in common was the bed. Dorothea appeared to love sex, however her husband seemed like a bit of a nymphomaniac from what I gathered. She noted several times how he acted differently around other women, his collection of pornography, and how he was continually boasting of his conquests of women. It was all very degrading to Dorothea and she vented much of this in her journal. Fred also felt the need to tell Dorothea that she was not up to par at sexual positions. He claimed that other women he had been with were more flexible, and urged Dorothea to become more like them. He treated Dora more like a slave then he did a wife. I don't think he ever really knew how to act around women. In one entry, Dorothea was telling of how Fred ate a ton of...
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...Comparison of Gender Roles Gender roles have always been a part of the daily life throughout the 1900’s, however up until recently this has changed. Women have always wanted to have their own opinion, views and the ability to think and act for themselves. In many of the stories read in class, we see how both men and women have gender roles, and how some want them changed. On the other hand, if they even do. In many stories we have seen the characters struggle with societies views, Janie wants to work and be able to think for herself in Their Eyes Were Watching God. In Trifles, we see that women are considered unimportant, or that they only worry about the little things that seem unimportant, as said by the men in the play. Elisa in The Chrysanthemums also faces gender discrimination, which she wishes to overcome. In the last play we read, A Doll’s House, Nora is subject to gender discrimination as well much along the same terms as the previous stories read. In Their Eyes Were Watching God, Janie just wants to be treated the same as everyone else, meaning the male population. Joe treats her as a lesser person throughout the novel, however she feels she should be able to make her own decisions an example is when she tried to leave Joe, however his remarks were, “ where will you go, who will take you in being married and all leaving your husband.” This is Joe and the male society putting Janie down so she feels powerless, this caused her to stay with Joe and not leave, in addition...
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...YWCA Indianapolis P.O. Box 40264 Indianapolis, IN 46240 T: 317-250-8593 EM: ywcaindy@sbcglobal.net www.ywcaindy.org Questions for “The Thing Around Your Neck” by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Cell One 1. What were your thoughts on this first story about the spoiled boy, Nnamabia who stole from neighbors and his own family and always got himself out of whatever jam he was in? 2. Why do you think his family let him get away with such actions for so long? Could you tell they treated boys differently than girls? Do we have examples of such in our own lives. 3. What do you think about the subtle wording about how those that were stealing from around the campus grew up watching Sesame Street, reading Enid Blyton, eating cornflakes, attending school in polished brown sandals? Do you think she was subtly saying something about those actions? a. Educated and wealthy parents straying from their traditions and having the children be westernized in teaching and upbringing, yet maybe westernized upbringing doesn’t help the children as much as you think? b. These were the children that were spoiled. Riding their parents cars, seats pushed back, armed stretched out to reach the steering wheel. 4. Any similarities to the U.S. to the parents reaction to the stealing? a. Denial. b. Blaming riff raff in town when their own children were committing acts b/c of their lack of discipline. 5. Were you surprised with the concept of beauty being those closer to the white persuasion? a. Why did you waste...
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...leaders by gender. These divisions have been a part of organizational structure and slow to change. Historical Perspective of Sexism Women in the United States have been on a slow journey towards equality that has had many twists and turns over the last one hundred years. There have been many women who have helped to pull other women to the same level as men. The women of today are still pushing towards the same level of respect, responsibility and reward that men receive and have been receiving. Chapter one of History of Woman Suffrage Vol. I, opens with “As civilization advances there is a continual change in the standard of human rights. In barbarous ages the right of the strongest was the only one recognized; but as mankind progressed in the arts and sciences intellect began to triumph over brute force. Change is a law of life, and the development of society a natural growth…. In all periods of human development, thinking has been punished as a crime, which is reason sufficient to account for the general passive resignation of the masses to their conditions and environments.” (Cady Stanton, Anthony, Gage and Matilda. 1881, p. 20) Women have been working towards equality since the first Women’s Rights Convention in 1848. The Suffrage movement was first started with Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony in the late 1800’s when the first state suffrage law was passed and continued through the passing of the 19th Amendment. The movement was not well received by...
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...also was a companion a few times. Her passion was writing but not until 1855 did she have her first work published. (Alcott, 1996) In the 1800’s work was a lot different, there were still slaves and whites and colors were not used to working with each other. The story “In Service” tells about a white women who even thought she has been schooled, she is still not able to find work. She ends up going to an intelligence office and having them find her work. The intelligence office is probably like going to a temp agency of the 20th century. While Christie is working for her new mistress she runs into lots of problems she has to resolve to tasks she thinks is degrading and she also has to reassess what she really wants in the future. The job in this story is a lot like the jobs of today. So is the way she went about getting it. After reading the story a few times you start to sympathize with Christie as you follow her thru her journey. She starts out with analyzing what kind of job she would like to try and what she is good at and after making a plan she carries it out. You begin to realize how hard it was for women; even with extra schooling to find a job. If you think about how much money they made in the 1800’s and how hard they worked it was probably a little overwhelming. Even though it was not an issue for Christie to work with a women of color, her mistress express’...
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...that there are so many people with different perspectives on abortion and how it should be handled. Just because individuals see abortion one way others see it another. Religion, definition of abortion, pro-choice, pro-life, moral personhood, rape, and rights are things that will be discussed. Abortion is defined as the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo, resulting in or caused by its death (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion). An abortion that is terminated on the sole fact that it becomes a threat to the pregnant female is referred to as a therapeutic abortion. An elective abortion is a term used for any other kind of abortion not related to health reasons. Most people relate a miscarriage as a form of abortion, but for myself I don’t really see how a miscarriage is related. The pregnant female doesn’t have a choice in a miscarriage, but only has a choice in an induced abortion or any type. Abortion can be traced back as to ancient times. Evidence suggests that abortions were taking place in a number of different ways, from herbs to abdominal pressure. In Ancient Greece a Greek physician would suggest that pregnant women perform energetic exercises, jumping, carrying heavy objects and riding animals to create a miscarriage. The main controversy in today’s society is the question of should abortion be legal? Since many people think that women have the right to choice what happens with the outcome and many think that...
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...Copyright © eContent Management Pty Ltd. Contemporary Nurse (2007) 24: 33–44. Telling stories: Nurses, politics and Aboriginal Australians, circa 1900–1980s ABSTRACT The focus of this paper is stories by, and about (mainly non-Aboriginal) Registered Nurses working in hospitals and clinics in remote areas of Australia from the early 1900s to the 1980s as they came into contact with, or cared for, Aboriginal people. Government policies that controlled and regulated Aboriginal Australians provide the context for these stories. Memoirs and other contemporary sources reveal the ways in which government policies in different eras influenced nurse’s attitudes and clinical practice in relation to Aboriginal people, and helped institutionalise racism in health care. Up until the 1970s, most nurses in this study unquestioningly accepted firstly segregation, then assimilation policies and their underlying paternalistic ideologies, and incorporated them into their practice. The quite marked politicisation of Aboriginal issues in the 1970s in Australia and the move towards selfdetermination for Aboriginal people politicised many – but not all – nurses. For the first time, many nurses engaged in a robust critique of government policies and what this meant for their practice and for Aboriginal health. Other nurses, however, continued as they had before – neither questioning prevailing policy nor its effects on their practice. It is argued that only by understanding and confronting the...
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...Essay Assignment Major themes of history evolve as time progresses. From the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, to the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, massive shifts occur. Regarding work, exchange, and technology; America in the World; politics and power; as well as ideas, beliefs, and culture, the evolution between the centuries have changed the significant themes throughout the United States. Work, exchange, and technology play a huge role in Americans lives throughout each century. People rarely used money; services and products were paid for mostly through trades and barters. Home and work were not separated; they were the same place. Nobody stuck to a schedule; things were done as needed. Skills were acquired through apprenticeship. An apprenticeship lasted from three to seven years. Apprentices lived with their masters during this time period, while trading knowledge for labor. However, women were not allowed to have such apprenticeships. Women gained knowledge of domestic skills through their mother, as it was assumed that the women would marry. Some women would work respectably as: servants, laundresses, seamstresses, cooks, and food vendors—or not respected as prostitutes. Men directed the lives of family members and apprentices: deciding occupations for sons, marriages for daughters, etc. Women (the wives) were responsible for: food, clothing, child rearing and Gonzalez 2 tending to apprentices, yet still subject to man’s direction...
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...Protestant * Mainline Protestant * Historically Black Churches * Roman Catholic * Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) * Jehovah’s Witnesses * Orthodox (Greek, Eastern) * Judaism (Orthodox, Conservative, or Reform) * Buddhism (Theravada or Mahayana) * Islam (Sunni, Shia, Sufism) * Hinduism * Ethnic groups (based on divisions in U.S. Census Bureau documents) * Asian (Asian descent) * Black (African descent) * Hispanic and Latino (South or Central American descent) * Pacific Islander (Polynesian descent) * White (European descent) * * Part III * Answer the following questions in 150 to 250 words each about the religious group you selected: * How does your selected religious group differ from other religious groups (such as in their beliefs, worship practices, or values)? Hinduism is a very complex type of religion it consist of Srauta, Vaishnavism and Shaivism among many other tradition all combined...
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...Family Theorizing and Researching 1. Structural Theories a) Materialism & Conflict theory Marx & Engles -changes in family lives reflect material change (ex, the mode of production, industrialization) macro-micro focus -power differences characterize society at all levels (ex, capitalism creates: exploitation of men in the workforce; oppression of women b) Political Economy -assumes the power of the one class over another (social control), capitalist relations of production -a more concentrated focus on how economic and political processes shape society and history and therefore family, families c) Structural Functionalism Parsons & Bales -the social institution of the family - family is seen as a function, and different parts of society helps it move along -the nuclear family performs functions -they saw the families as a main faction, economic support, these functions that happen in nuclear families include economic support -equilibrium, all parts help it work as a whole -hierarchical generations and role specialization within families produces harmony -the different roles that men and women take on, allows the family be a harmony -parsons and bales, gendered perspective on families, families having instrumental roles such as achieving income, feed the family, cloth the family, this would be men 2. Symbolic Interactionism Mead & Cooley - individuals create their own family realities through micro level interactions -from this perspective...
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...Western medicine and how it has affected African culture Stacy Lefrancois English 106 Professor Bollert 17 April 2015 Abstract A few western medicine care givers have caused a huge suspicion of mistrust among many African cultures. Many Africans prefer their traditional treatments from their home lands and do not trust western medicine. Unaware that western medicine can also be beneficial when it is incorporated with the traditional medicine. Western medicine needs to rebuild their trust in African cultures because of the past destruction done to the people of Africa. The western medical community can learn from the traditional medicine in Africa and Africa can also benefit in the advances of western medicine. Due to the untrustworthiness of some Western health care workers who have intentionally infected their patients with HIV, many Africans do not trust western medicine for treatments of illness because of the fear of being infected. Instead they trust and prefer the traditional treatments offered in their homelands which include traditional practices, herbal medicines, spiritual healing, and their own medical practitioners. . Because Western researchers have experimented on African populations in the past, many Africans to not trust western medicine. Therefore, they reject western treatments for HIV/AIDS. It would be best for Africans and worldwide health if all treatment options both traditional and modern were available to all Africans. “Western medicine...
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...(1865-Present) Kimberly Burrows HIS 204 Joseph Scahill February 2, 2013 Women’s Role (1865-Present) Throughout history, women have suffered fewer rights then men and are discriminated against because of their gender. Historically, a woman’s main role was to tend to the home isolated in the domestic “bubble” and to raise their children while their husbands were away at work. In this paper, I will describe the historical significance of this issue from 1865 to the present. I will explain the historical developments that presented new opportunities for women in society. I will discuss the main individuals that were involved in these struggles. To conclude, I will analyze ways in which it contributed to an “ending of isolation” while assessing the challenges involved. Even today, women still face discrimination based on their gender. However, the role of women has changed significantly which has created a lasting and ongoing increase of women's rights. The woman’s role presents a historical significance from 1865 to today for many reasons. Prior to the Civil War, women were perceived as the weaker sex and were considered intellectually inferior to men. Their freedom was limited and they had fewer rights than men. Women were expected to marry, care for their home, cook, make clothing and raise their children. According to (Manning, 2005), “Women were viewed as wives and mothers, whose economic rights were mainly to be supported by a male breadwinner and protected by the state...
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...03-Banks.qxd 1/30/04 4:52 PM Page 57 3 Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System ETHICAL BACKGROUND It is generally agreed that discrimination based on ethnic origin is morally wrong and a violation of the principle of equality. The equality principle requires that those who are equal be treated equally based on similarities, and that race is not a relevant consideration in that assessment (May and Sharratt 1994: 317). In other words, it is only possible to justify treating people differently if there exists some factual difference between them that justifies such difference in treatment (Rachels 1999: 94). Equality is a nonspecific term that means nothing until applied to a particular context. Thus, in a political context, equality means equal access to public office and equal treatment under the law, and equal treatment extends to equality in terms of job hiring, promotion, and pay. Race refers to groups of persons who are relatively alike in their biological inheritance and are distinct from other groups (American Anthropological Association 1997: 2). Ethnicity is a cultural phenomenon referring to a person’s identification with a particular cultural group (Hinman 1998: 403). Race is socially constructed, and the notion that persons “belong” to a particular race was developed in the last century based on the belief that there was a biological basis for categorizing groups of people. Biologically, however, the term race has no meaning, yet society...
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