...THEMES IN U.S. & WORLD HISTORY Task 2 I. Introduction: a. Audience Hook: The outcome of events and the development of cultures and societies around the world have been impacted by significant individuals throughout history. These individuals have changed political governments as well as societal changes within our own country, the United States and around the world. This paper will discuss one of our well known world leaders and a well-known American Leader and the significant impact these individuals had on society and political changes. b. Thesis statement: History shows how leaders impact the outcomes and development of cultures and society due to social and political changes and influences. c. Preview of Main Points: i. World leader Gandhi led to Satyagraha and the equal rights for all. ii. Martin Luther King Jr. contributed to the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act. II. Gandhi’s contribution to social changes. a. One of the worlds most pronounced leaders of the twentieth century. b. Concept of Satyagraha, truth and firmness (Mohandas Gandhi). c. Indian Independence from Britain in 1947. III. Martin Luther King Jr.’s contribution to the social changes made in the United States. a. King traveled the Country and the world to lecture other leaders, activists, and protestors on the importance, how to, and benefits on non-violent protesting. b. Civil Rights Act prohibiting racial discrimination (History.com) c. Voting Rights Act guaranteeing...
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...laws positively or negatively impact a free society. I truly believe that it positively impacts a free society because of how much it changes and the paths its creates for future generations. One of the biggest examples of civil disobedience would...
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...Throughout history, many great leaders around the world have in one way or another made significant impacts on our day-to-day lives. ‘Mahatma’ (Sanskrit word meaning great soul) Gandhi who always led by example was one of these great personalities. He was a great leader to his people and his life became a message to the world. The message he brought was truth, freedom and non-violence. This paper will examine how Mahatma Gandhi’s effective leadership helped India get its independence through non-violence. One of the ways Mahatma Gandhi was able to be such an effective leader was his ability and determination to stand against injustice and racial discrimination. Gandhi witnesses his first experience of racial discrimination while traveling by train to Johannesburg, South Africa. Though he carried a first class ticket, he was ordered to move to the “colored” cars in the back by the officers. He refused to accept their demands which resulted in him being thrown out of the train. As a result, he had to spend a long and freezing night at the train station. It was through witnessing firsthand the racism and injustice against Indian people in South Africa that Gandhi started to question his people's status within the British Empire, and his own place in the society. This gave him a cause to fight for in his quest to end discrimination and inequality, which would eventually lead to a free India. At age 45, he moved back to India and he dedicated himself to organizing peaceful rallies...
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...another.” -Arun Gandhi (Mohandas K. Gandhi’s grandson) Gandhi is a name that transcends country, state and continental borders. His messages and practices have created a legacy that impacts the world to this day. The method of nonviolence demonstrated in the Salt March shaped the Civil Rights Movement and continues to influence social change. How can one man ignite such vast empowerment within a population that had been oppressed by British rule for over seventy years? Mohandas Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in the village of Probandar. At the time, around two thirds of India was ruled by the British Empire, referred to as British Raj (BBC News). Probandar was a minority within India; it was a princely state meaning the land legally belonged to India, not Britain. Gandhi’s father, Karamchand, was a local politician who was accepting of different religions; he had Muslim, Parsee and Jains friends. His mother, Putlibai, an illiterate devout Hindu, took her religion very seriously and tried to instill such beliefs in Gandhi. Following Hindu tradition, Gandhi was set up by his parents to be married at the age of 13 (Singh). In 1885, Karamchand passed away causing Gandhi to become the head of the household. He was sent to England by his family at the age of 19 to study law and attain a job to support them. However, elders in his caste did not approve of such travels, believing Gandhi would lose sight of his beliefs and become westernized. Regardless, Gandhi chose to go and...
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...The Effectiveness of Protesting In many ways protesting can be effective, back in the day protests were created to bring important issues into the light. There has been many successful protests that actually did create change and expanded history. These protests created possibilities for people in need or people who have been let down by the system. Many other protests were created to enforce justice and give people a voice when society thought they didn’t have one. One example of an important protest that had created a change was The Salt March in 1930. This was a protest over British rule in India over the salt policies that were placed by the British. Mohandas Gandhi led thousands of Indian people to the Arabian Sea Coast to make their own salt from the sea water, which soon led to 60,000 arrests including Gandhi and in 1947 India received their independence. This was an important event that...
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...What in your view was the short-term significance of the Second World War on India? The Second World War had a profound effect on India, politically, economically and socially: I will be examining this and how the war ultimately bought about India as an independent nation. This essay will examine the short-term significance of Second World War on India (1939-47). September 3rd 1939 Viceroy Linlithgow, with no consultation or warning, committed over 300 million Indians to war with an enemy they knew little about. India had a long history of being ruled by Britain since it established a trading post there in the 17th century, and this declaration showed how they were still part of the British Empire. Whilst many rejected fascist ideologies, for the predominately Hindu populace, for whom engagement in violence was in direct contravention of their religion’s teachings, involvement in European war was deeply resented. “Nowhere do these great principles of morality and justice mean more than in India”. This statement, by Viceroy Linlithgow, following his declaration of war, illustrates how imperialistic and short-sighted Britain was to their relationship with India as these ‘principles’ had no place in how India was governed. For nearly 200 years the British Empire had suppressed India into submission, turning it an east-empire trading dock. This shows that even though India had been a huge help in the First World War many British officials still believed in India still being...
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...Volkert PSY/300 Psychology June13, 2011 Pamela Parks Life Span Development and Personality Paper Gandhi use to say, “My life, my message”. This was his passion, his calling, what he knew he was meant to do and how he was meant to serve others. How does a person develop into who they become? Who and what influences impact a life so much that it shapes a persons’ entire life? Gandhi always said that God was the guiding force behind why he did what he did. He was a servant that made many mistakes and much of what he did and said was a work in progress and an experiment with life. He spent his life spreading the message that truth and freedom through non-violence was the way. He grew up in an affluent home and was married at the age of thirteen. It seems that quite a lot of his influences that helped to shape him happened when he went to London to attend law school and become a Barrister. He promised his mother that he would observe the Hindu precepts of abstinence from meat, alcohol and promiscuity (Brown, J. M. (1989). While there he joined the Vegetarian Society, the Theosophical Society and read the Bhagavad Gita which is the Hindu scriptures. In 1893, he was hired by an Indian firm to work in South Africa, where he faced discriminations that would be the turning point in his life, shaping his role as an activist. Gandhi was born to an affluent family but did not begin his journey until he was away from his family at school in London. Heredity played a role in...
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...Historical Impact During the 19th and 20th centuries, there were many people who rose to power and demonstrated themselves as leaders with strong influences over their followers. This time period consisted of a few historically significant leaders such as Lenin, Hitler, Mussolini, and Mao Zedong. The main objective of these leaders was to spread their version of totalitarian ideas. Yet, another leader was prominent during the same time period, but unlike Hitler, Lenin, and Zedong, his goal was the spreading of democracy using nonviolent tactics throughout his nation as well as across the world; this leader was Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi was a rebel, who successfully gained a large following and much support without formulating any violent war plans, or issuing violent attacks on the opposition. According to many of his writings, nonviolence and morality are the keys to achieving unity. Various peoples, such as Muslims and Jews, have encountered various situations throughout history where Gandhi felt as if using tactics other than war would be considerably effective and beneficial to the overall goal of unity and liberty as long as a strong following aided in the process. Mahatma Gandhi: Selected Political Writing focuses on the different values that Gandhi practiced, as well as preached. Much of these values were critical during a time period when many nations were experiencing turmoil, and many people were not sure how and who to trust. The writings cast Gandhi as...
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...MAHATMA GANDHI The period from 1920 to 1947 had been described as the Gandhian Era which is golden era in Indian Politics even today. During the period, Gandhi spoke the final word on behalf of the Indian National Congress in negotiating with the British Government for constitutional reforms, and for chalking out a program for the national movement. Mahatma Gandhi was, and still is, an inspirational leader who impacts the world and as well as a political and spiritual leader of India. Also still the great leader in India since past to present. He fought for India's rights, and for freedom from British and finally led India into independence. Gandhi is very important leader, because he fought for something he believed in without using any sort of violent behavior. So he was known as a peacemaker hero. Also Mahatma Gandhi is universally accepted leader and an exemplary model of ethical and moral life, with a rare blending of personal and public life, the principles and practices, the immediate and the eternal. He considered life to be an integrated whole, growing from truth to truth every day in moral and spiritual status. Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October, 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. After finishing his early education in India, he sailed to England in 1891 and qualified as Barrister. In 1894, Gandhi went to South Africa in connection with a law suit.The political career of Gandhi started in South Africa where he launched a Civil Disobedience Movement...
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...September 2010 Both Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr. were goal-oriented leaders. Gandhi desired self-rule for India. King wanted first class citizenship for African Americans. Instead of separating religion and politics, both men incorporated both in their leadership roles. Both men chose nonviolence as their strategy because they had felt that it was the only practical solution capable of achieving their objectives. The ideas of nonviolent movements were difficult to achieve, but they were not impossible to accomplish which is shown in the work of these two great leaders Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. Two men from two different time periods but yet they have the same views on how to establish a nonviolent movement. Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. were civil right activists who took a form of action to obtain equal rights amongst their society. The way they handled nonviolent situations was by taking a non direct action. Also the sacrifice that they had to go through whether it had been by being passive resistance or simply by injustice laws that had to be broken. Gandhi developed his theory of Satyagraha (“soul force”), which implicates social justice through love as well as suffering the consequences. Having to read two distinct stories at distinct time they both manage to have something in common which is CHANGE. We end with MLK- demanding that the actions for equal rights will be now! He then goes on to discuss how the time is being set to be neutral...
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...Gandhi and non-violence After the sound of the gun, a great man was killed. The whole India held the funeral ceremony for him. People will always remember this great leader. His name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Gandhi was the leader of the national liberation movement and the Indian National Congress Party. He is the father of modern India. His “non-violence”(ahimsa) and philosophy affected the international movement of nationalists around the world. Elements of Gandhi's philosophy were rooted in the Indian religions of Jainism and Buddhism. The Acaranga Sutra, a Jainist text, describes the fundamental need for non-violence: “All beings are fond of life; they like pleasure and hate pain, shun destruction and like to live, they long to live. To all, life is dear” Gandhi strongly believed that if violence was used to deal with the issue between India and the Britain, the result would be more violence. Gandhi’s emotional speech concluded his principle that all violence was evil and could not be justified. When I was in elementary school, I have heard about a story about Gandhi. In the age of 15, Gandhi stole a small piece of gold from his brother’s bracelet. After that, Gandhi felt extremely guilty. Therefore, he wrote a repentance letter to his father. Gandhi thought his father would punish him heavily. However, his father forgave him. Actually, Gandhi’s father was very proud that Gandhi could admit his mistake bravely. Gandhi was deeply moved. This is the first lesson of...
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...Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (pronounced [ˈmoːɦənd̪aːs ˈkərəmtʃənd̪ ˈɡaːnd̪ʱi] ( listen); 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India. Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahatma (Sanskrit: "high-souled," "venerable"[2])—applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa,[3]—is now used worldwide. He is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for "father,"[4] "papa."[4][5]) in India. Born and raised in a Hindu, merchant caste, family in coastal Gujarat, western India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, Gandhi first employed non-violent civil disobedience as an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, in the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights. After his return to India in 1915, he set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination. Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, but above all for achieving Swaraj or self-rule. Gandhi famously led Indians in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930, and later in calling for the British to Quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned for many years, upon many occasions, in both...
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...Introduction Mahatma Gandhi has been a distinctive leader throughout his lifetime. His leadership characteristics have been recognized, analyzed and praised all around the world. He has become a prime example of a successful leader. In this research paper, I will pick certain theories to analyze Gandhi’s leadership. Then I will choose a “leader” from my circle of family, my mother, and examine her leadership using the same criteria. The purpose of the comparison is to recognize key leadership attributes and behaviors and establish an understanding of the importance of certain fundamentals of leadership. As I was beginning to research information on the topics of leadership and the basic ideas of it, I realized that I agreed with a lot of theories and opinions. However, I decided to take some key ideas and formulate my own definition of leadership that fits my perceptions of life, my cultural beliefs, my background and my personality. In my view, in order to be a leader one must have an open mind. One must have the ability to view situations from different perspectives. One must be able to think logical and free of clichés and acknowledge all advantages and disadvantages for all parties involved. In order to practice those characteristics one must get to know the players of the situation, one must get to know their mindset and their reasoning for action. What inspired me most about Gandhi, and which is also considered his most distinguishable and memorable trait, is that he...
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...became the “Father of our Country” ? An honorable, virtuous, adventuresome, solider who fought for independence from the British. Why him? Why is it that Mahatma Gandhi was the architect of civil disobedience that influenced the world? A struggling, shy, student who had tremendous difficulty speaking in public. Gandhi was unsuccessful as a lawyer in Bombay. He found his calling working for the downtrodden Indian minority in South Africa. Why him? Why is it Mother Teresa, a convent school teacher dedicated to her student’s education became a Noble Prize humanitarian? Her clinics now care for tens of thousands. Why her? Why is it that Jesus, (whether one believes he is just a man or truly the Son of God), became the most influential person who ever lived? Born in a barn to poor parents; Jesus relied on friends and strangers for food and shelter. He changed the culture of the world. Why him? There is something else at play here, Servant leadership. Servant leaders show proof of their character through behavior. They display the common practices of model leadership by modeling the way, inspiring a shared vision, challenging the process, enabling others to act and encouraging the heart (Kouzes & Posner, 2007). Leadership is about service, stewardship, and shepherding those; at home, work, and in the community. Washington, Gandhi, Mother Teresa, and Jesus’ effectiveness as leaders reflects courage, vision, values, and commitment to change. They have the heart, head, hands and habits of...
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...How accurate is it to say that little progress was made towards Indian independence 1920-1930? In the 1920s congress began to become more successful with its appeals and ideas towards Indian Independence. The relationship with Muslims and Hindus had worsened due to the leadership of Gandhi (Hindu) and Jinnah (Muslim) who were working to have a separate state between the Indian subcontinent. Also on behalf of the British Government, they were working hard to keep the Indian empire and its Raj in good shape but they weren’t accomplishing much as the Indian opinion was much with Gandhi now as he was one of the main leaders for change in India. Gandhi had an idea which planted his concept of satyagraha which was to create a way to come to fairness peace and justice in a non violent way. He hoped to have freedom for India. He did this by enduring a course of boycotts, demonstrations and strikes. At first Gandhi was all for the involvement of British rule when he returned to India from South Africa in 1941, however he changed his mind and decided he wanted India to be self-ruled. The Rowlatts act which continued regular wartime restrictions, the Amritsar Massacre in 1919, and the fact that Turkey had to pay indemnity and lose territories which Gandhi saw could be a threat on separateness between Muslims. Because Gandhi has a mass support within Indians due to his spiritual strengths and political awareness for change, he emerged to becoming a main political leader because of his...
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