...Innovators America has gone through great change from its foundation to present day. Many people have helped to shape the great country in which we proudly call home. Our nation has produced some of the great innovators who shaped the industrial revolution, modern day communications and the use of electric light bulb. The simplest things that we take for granted once were the greatest innovations of their time. Thomas Edison, Alexander Graham Bell and Henry Ford are three of the greatest men that have contributed directly to a many things that we use in our day to day lives and without these men we would not be the advanced society that we are today. Reaching for a light switch is something we do every day. This is possible due to the contribution of Thomas Alva Edison, the inventor of the light bulb. Edison was born on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio (Frith 5). He did not attain a formal education due to the poor family in which he was raised instead he started working on the railroad at age 12(Frith 14). Although Edison did not complete school, he continued to learn and experiment. Edison set up a printing press in the baggage car on the train and sold his own newspaper to the passengers (Frith 17). He retold the news from one end of the rail line to the other end of the rail line, allowing the people to be better informed of their neighboring towns. He was also able to have a small lab to perform scientific experiments, at least until his chemicals mixed together and...
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...Leadership Analysis of Henry Ford Brief Historical Sketch Who knew that a young farm boy that loved tinkering with pocket watches and simple farm equipment would lead a manufacturing revolution. Henry Ford did. Even from an early age Ford understood that he wanted to change the world. His dream was to design and build a “horseless carriage,” a dream that he accomplish in 1908 (Ford, 2008). However, not even Ford could have predicted the magnitude at which both his invention and his business strategies would have on the world. Henry Ford was born in the small town of Dearborn, Michigan on July 30, 1863. The town was better known as the Greenfield Township. Ford’s parents were both European immigrants. His father, William Ford, emigrated from Ireland and his mother, Mary Ford, though born in the United States had strong ties to Belgium. (Henry Ford, 2012) The Fords were a successful farming family and never had to worry about money. While Henry Ford knew at an early age that taking over the family farm would have been a safe and advantageous decision, his ambition kept him focused on other possibilities. (Ford, H 2008) Ford’s teenage years were instrumental in helping him develop is dream and his career. There were two important memories that Ford could recall that sparked his interest in motor vehicles and engineering. Around the age of twelve, the Ford’s were traveling to Detroit with family when they passed a “road engine” delivering farm machinery (Ford, H 2008). This was...
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...late 1800’s and early 1900’s in America. One example of this would be textile factories because they use machines that may be dangerous, but the machine’s efficiency pays off, and there is not a lot of manual labor put into the job. It’s all just risk and skill used to not get a limb or finger sliced off. This was a time for innovation like Henry Ford and his idea of the assembly line. This idea made it so the common man could afford to own an automobile like the rich people. Another innovative thing was done by Andrew Carnegie and his idea of producing steel quicker and for less money. Industrialization produced a positive impact on society because of the transcontinental railroad,captains of industry, and automobiles. The first reason to support the claim is the Transcontinental Railroad. This 2000 mile long railroad was finished in May of 1867 and connected the east and west coast. This revolutionary railroad changed a 6-18 month journey into a 4-6 day journey....
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...the Ford Motor Company Archives, With Reflections on Archival Documentation of Ford of Europe's History Elizabeth W. Adkins, Certified Archivist Director, Global Information Management Ford Motor Company Introduction: The Ford Motor Company Archives and the Story of the Company The history of the Ford Motor Company Archives is intertwined with the efforts to tell the story of the company. Both of these initiatives – the creation of the Archives and the telling of the Ford Motor Company story – began with the approach of the fiftieth anniversary. Company executives and the Ford family realized the importance of Henry Ford and his company in the development and progress of the twentieth century. They accepted the obligation to gather and organize the company's historical legacy to ensure that the broader story could be told. As a result, the first fifty years of the company (including its early international expansion) are fairly well documented and accessible to the public in research materials and in books. The historical record of the next fifty years, including the company's modernization and further international development under Henry Ford II, is less complete. By the early 1960s, for various reasons, the Ford Archives began to experience the "down side" of the up and down cycle that characterizes the history of American corporate archives. Most of the Ford archival holdings were donated to a nonprofit educational institution, Henry Ford Museum...
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...“resources of production” remain resources and never become production”. To me this sums up what being a manager is all about. Later in the chapter he says “from the peak there is only one easy way to go: downwards. It always requires twice as much effort and skill to stay up as it did to climb up”. A powerful statement, that many do not realize. The second chapter, titled “The Jobs of Management”, Drucker talks about how the jobs of management are usually not known by people within the company. People know who the managers are but aren’t quite sure what they do. He breaks down what a managers’ job involves into a couple of key areas. The first of which is “economic performance”. With this Drucker say that management must always put economic performance first in every decision and action they make because this will justify their existence. Other areas of this chapter focus on management functions which include: their first job is managing a business, managing managers and managing both worker and work. The third chapter is called “The Challenge to Management”. This chapter focuses a lot on automation. Since this book was written in 1954, automation was new and opinions varied greatly on the impact it would have on the American business. Part one feature chapters’ four thru nine and includes the first of three stories that Drucker tells about three high-profile companies highlighting an area of management. It is in...
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...Contents 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Ford Company Background 4 3.0 Toyota Company Background 5 4.0 Scientific Management 6 5.0 Scientific Management in Ford Motor Company 7 6.0 Contingency Theory 10 7.0 Contingency Theory in Toyota 12 8.0 How Scientific Management impacts Ford’s Workers 14 9.0 How Contingency Theory Impacts Toyota’s Workers 16 10.0 Definition of Organizational Culture and Structure 18 11.0 Ford Organizational Culture 19 12.0 Ford Organizational Structure 20 13.0 Toyota Organizational Culture 21 14.0 Toyota Organizational Structure 23 15.0 Motivational Theories 24 16.0 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Ford 25 17.0 Impacts of Hierarchy of Needs Theory 29 18.0 Goal-setting Theory in Toyota 30 19.0 Impacts Goal-setting Theory 32 20.0 Conclusion 33 21.0 References 34 1.0 Introduction One of the most important human activities is managing . Ever since people began forming groups to accomplish aims they could not achieve as individuals . Managing has been essential to ensure the coordination of individuals efforts . As society has come to rely increasingly on group effort as many organized groups have been grown larger , the task of managers have been rising in importance . The term management drives from latin word “Manu agere” which means to lead by hand . Lead by hand means , giving directions . It also implies that the leading person first goes where he or she wants to send the followers (Shied, 2010) . According to Drucker (1974) management...
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...effect their writing in ways that are sometimes obvious but other times they are sometimes hard to notice. By reading the biography of the author it can give insight to how they were affected by the period in which they lived and the circumstances they encountered. An author’s intention or audience may also be relayed. A character may be a reflection of the author themselves, someone they knew, or a complete work of fiction. It is best not to make assumptions but at times it can be hard when it seems very personable to the author’s story. In a writing such as “Commitments” by Essex Hemphill, it is suggested that he is using his own experiences to influence the writing because of the emotion in the words and story told. When I first read through I thought if the Jackson 5 song, “I’ll be there” but after reading it again it became clear that it was more about playing a role or part in the family rather than just being there for someone when needed. In “People Who Take Care” by Nancy Henry. She describes how “people who take care of people are not worth much” (Henry 3-4). In her biography it is explained how she was a hard worker. I imagine this must be how she felt or what she saw in those around her. Both of these writings take a very different aspect to their life. While Hemphill’s writing seems more personal Henrys seems more of a story about another or maybe of fiction. The biography of Hemphill describes his struggles in the period he lived about race, culture, his sexual orientation...
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...How far were the policies of the Republican Party the main reason for America’s economic success in the 1920’s [50 marks] Although America remained neutral and did not join World War One until 1917, they were already increasing their country’s profits by selling goods such as: weapons, food, equipment and other ammunition to both sides of the war. During World War One, as well as selling goods, America became ‘the banker’ to the rest of the world: loaning countries money at a very high interest. According to the First World War commissions “Britain, France and Italy owed the USA $22 billion plus interest”, this is showing that USA was at a very stable place financially even before the 1920s began. When the war ended Woodrow Wilson put forward his 14 Points which included a League of Nations. The League of Nations’ overall aim was to prevent war from breaking out again. America’s congress at the time decided that it would be best for America in the long run not to join the League of Nations because, congress believed that the USA should not interfere in any European or world affairs. Refusal to join the League of Nations made America an isolationist country. When Warren G. Harding won the presidential election and became president in 1921 a political party called the Republicans took over from the Democrats and the American government. 1920s America was known as the ‘Roaring twenties’ because of the entertainment and the crazes sweeping the country. There were lots of...
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...How far were the policies of the Republican Party the main reason for America’s economic success in the 1920’s [50 marks] Although America remained neutral and did not join World War One until 1917, they were already increasing their country’s profits by selling goods such as: weapons, food, equipment and other ammunition to both sides of the war. During World War One, as well as selling goods, America became ‘the banker’ to the rest of the world: loaning countries money at a very high interest. According to the First World War commissions “Britain, France and Italy owed the USA $22 billion plus interest”, this is showing that USA was at a very stable place financially even before the 1920s began. When the war ended Woodrow Wilson put forward his 14 Points which included a League of Nations. The League of Nations’ overall aim was to prevent war from breaking out again. America’s congress at the time decided that it would be best for America in the long run not to join the League of Nations because, congress believed that the USA should not interfere in any European or world affairs. Refusal to join the League of Nations made America an isolationist country. When Warren G. Harding won the presidential election and became president in 1921 a political party called the Republicans took over from the Democrats and the American government. 1920s America was known as the ‘Roaring twenties’ because of the entertainment and the crazes sweeping the country. There were lots of...
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...In the case of the ford pinto Lee Iacocca wanted to produce a car to meet with the competition of the Japanese market. The car was to be designed and produced in a condensed time 25 months vice the 43 which would have been the usual. Ford motor company completed the task. At the time there was not a standard from the national highway traffic safety committee as to a rear-end impact, that requirement was not in place until after production. I find Ford was not acting un-ethical in the design and production of the vehicle. The un-ethical part of the event started at the point when the rear-impact test was performed and it was found that the pinto was not up to par. Ford was on the correct path as to the testing of the pinto. There will always be a new regulation in any process of production. Any company has an ethical and moral obligation to meet or want to exceed regulations as to quality of a product. Understanding there will be a cost analyst as to procedures in production, cost of materials and life expectancy of the “product”. Further explanation here as to procedures the production of the product may need to be weighed as to the best economical or the requirements of inspection points during the process, next the needed quality of materials as if to manufacture a dish with a non-toxic finish for food use. And the most confused life expectancy of the product, whether it be a car or a prosthetic hip joint. In an article from NBCNEWS Herb Weisbaun found that consumer reports...
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...Hoffman Dr. Jack 5 Alexis Hoffman Dr. Jack English 2B 30 November 2014 “The Impact of Civil Wars’ First Battle: Bull Run” A couple months before 1861, Confederate troops had attacked Fort Sumter and as a result began the series of battles known as the Civil War. Inspired by earlier winnings made by Union troops in western Virginia, the famous president Lincoln commanded General Irvin McDowell to make an army that would attack quickly and efficiently toward the south and create a route to Richmond. That would result in ending the war extremely fast. The battle would begin with an attack on more than 20,000 Confederate soldiers. Pierre Gustave Toutant-Beauregard (P.G.T) had set up camp near Manassas Junction, Virginia (25 miles from Washington, D.C.) along a river known as Bull Run....
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...FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY | SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RELATIONS MOVEMENT – APPLICATION IN ORGANISATIONS OF THE 21st CENTURY | BUSINESS CORE INTERGRATED PROGRAMME – MR. TRAN QUOC TRUNG | PHAM THI YEN NHI – 1301BF5038 – K52BFA 5/22/2015 | In recent years, human society is having the most dramatically unmatched development speed. To meet the demand of today modern age and become pioneers or successful managers, each of us must have prompt and sensible ability to realize which changes are occurring and which trends are going to expand in the future. In order to realize those changes quickly and successfully, leaders of the 21st century should base on scientific management and human relations movement, which are respectively basic managing theories of Frederick W. Taylor and Elton Mayo. This leads to management and also art of managing have been playing a significant role in every side of our life. Moreover, to manage a world that never stops changing at present and in the future, managers, manage process and organizational methods will have many differentiations (Management in 21st century, Subir Chowdhury). Therefore, this essay will concentrate on the way how scientific management and human relations are applied in organizations of the 21st century. Some aspects such as: definition, practical examples and the applications of the theories in each circumstance of present will be mentioned. Scientific management is a manage theory developed by F. W. Taylor, based...
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...LAS 432 Course Capstone Project Robotic Surgery (LAS 432 - 08) Robert Clark April 19, 2015 Team F Team Leader: Dylan Zinkiewicz - D# 03342318 Team Members: Alisha Young - D# 01615918 Antonice Thomas - D# 01487783 Brooke White - D# 01489597 Katherine Vega - D# 01487783 Contents Alisha Young Intro to Robotic Surgery 2 Antonice Thomas Timeline 10 Overview 15 The Future 17 Dylan Zinkiewicz Economic Talk 19 Marketing & Media Influence 24 Katherine Vega Psychological considerations and Sociological effects 29 Environmental Implications 33 Brooke White Ethics and Legal Issues 37 Conclusion 45 References 46 Intro to Robotic Surgery Robotic surgery is defined in the medical dictionary as "the performance of operative procedures with the assistance of robotic technology" ("Robotic," n.d.). Robotic surgery is an emerging technology that began its experimental phase in 1985 with the introduction of the PUMA 560 robotic arm. The first use of a robot for a surgical procedure was a neurosurgical biopsy, recorded in 1985. Following this successful surgery was the first laparoscopic surgery using the same kind of robot; the robotic arm. In 1987, a successful cholecystectomy was performed. In 1988, doctors decided to use the PUMA 560 robotic arm for a transurethral resection procedure. Finally, in 1990, the Automated Endoscopic System for Optimal Positioning (AESOP) became known as the first system to be approved by the Food and...
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...Years” Irving Bernstein agrees as he said “The Twenties were, indeed golden, but only for a privileged segment of the American population”. Also the LA times released a cartoon in 1928 displaying that the Wall Street boom is racing ahead the “bandwagon” which displays American prosperity. The Economic boom created jobs, increased wages and caused the innovation of lots of new products. The impact of world war one boosted the economy because America lent money to western European countries and sold munitions to them, they sold...
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...step is identifying the relevant facts. In the Pinto Fires Case, I believe there are six large facts that are the most relevant to determining whether a recall is the appropriate course of action. The first fact is that Ford Motor Company discovered the issue before the Pinto was released. With many recalls, the issues are not discovered until after the products in question are released, but Ford knew about this major issue and released the car anyways. The second crucial fact builds off the previous one – Ford knew how to fix the issue. They had found three possible solutions through their testing, but did not implement any of them. The third relevant fact is that Ford had shortened their amount of preparation time to release it earlier. This was something that had never been done before, so the fact that they cut down the amount of time they were spending on preparing this car by over a year was a recipe for disaster. The fourth fact to consider is the fact that Ford Motor Company was within the legal standards at the time. While Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 301 had been proposed, it had not been adopted, so Ford’s move was legal. Furthermore as the fifth fact, in the 1970s, consumers were not nearly as concerned with safety. In fact, Ford had previously added a relatively costly safety feature only to find that it added no appeal to the consumers. The final fact is the fact that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration had as part of their regulations...
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